Sirat Ibn Hisham 274
Ibn Hisham's explanation of expressions in Surah al-Duha
[ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ لِمُفْرَدَاتِ سُورَةِ الضُّحَى ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: سَجَى: سُكْنٌ. قَالَ أُمِّيَّةُ بْنُ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ الثَّقَفِيُّ:: إذْ أَتَى مَوْهِنَا وَقَدْ نَامَ صَحْبِي وَسَجَا اللَّيْلُ بِالظَّلَامِ الْبَهِيمِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ، وَيُقَالُ لِلْعَيْنِ إذَا سَكَنَ طَرَفُهَا: سَاجِيَةٌ، وَسَجَا طَرَفُهَا: قَالَ جَرِيرُ ( بْنُ الْخَطَفَى ):: وَلَقَدْ رَمَيْنَكَ حِينَ رُحْنَ بِأَعْيُنٍ يَقْتُلْنَ مِنْ خَلَلِ السُّتُورِ سُوَاجِي وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. وَالْعَائِلُ: الْفَقِيرُ. قَالَ أَبُو خِرَاشٍ الْهُذَلِيُّ:: إلَى بَيْتِهِ يَأْوِي الضَّرِيكُ إذَا شَتَا وَمُسْتَنْبَحٌ بَالِي الدَّرِيسَيْنِ عَائِلُ وَجَمْعُهُ: عَالَةٌ وَعَيْلٌ. وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ سَأَذْكُرُهَا فِي مَوْضِعِهَا إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، وَالْعَائِلُ ( أَيْضًا ): الَّذِي يَعُولُ الْعِيَالَ. وَالْعَائِلُ ( أَيْضًا ): الْخَائِفُ. وَفِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَلَّا تَعُولُوا وَقَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ:: بِمِيزَانِ قِسْطٍ لَا يُخِسُّ شَعِيرَةً لَهُ شَاهِدٌ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ غَيْرُ عَائِلٍ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ سَأَذْكُرُهَا إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فِي مَوْضِعِهَا. وَالْعَائِلُ ( أَيْضًا ): الشَّيْءُ الْمُثْقَلُ الْمُعْي. يَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ: قَدْ عَالَنِي هَذَا الْأَمْرُ: أَيْ أَثْقَلَنِي وَأَعْيَانِي قَالَ الْفَرَزْدَقُ:: تَرَى الْغُرَّ الْجَحَاجِحَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إذَا مَا الْأَمْرُ فِي الْحَدَثَانِ عَالَا وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ أَيْ لَا تَكُنْ جَبَّارًا وَلَا مُتَكَبِّرًا، وَلَا فَحَّاشًا فَظًّا عَلَى الضُّعَفَاءِ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ. وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ أَيْ بِمَا جَاءَكَ مِنْ اللَّهِ مِنْ نِعْمَتِهِ وَكَرَامَتِهِ مِنْ النُّبُوَّةِ فَحَدِّثْ، أَيْ اُذْكُرْهَا وَادْعُ إلَيْهَا، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَذْكُرُ مَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى الْعِبَادِ بِهِ مِنْ النُّبُوَّةِ سِرًّا إلَى مَنْ يَطْمَئِنُّ إلَيْهِ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ
Translation
✧ Ibn Hisham's explanation of the individual terms of Surat al-Duha. Ibn Hisham said: Saja means stillness. Umayyah b. Abi al-Salt al-Thaqafi said: When he came at our resting time, while my companions had slept and the night lay still with the deep darkness. This verse is in a poem of his. It is said of the eye when its gaze is still: sagiyah, and saja tarfuha. Jarir (b. al-Khatafa) said: We indeed shot you, when they departed, with eyes that kill from behind the curtains, still. This verse is in a poem of his. Al-'A'il means the poor. Abu Khirash al-Hudhali said: To his house the destitute turns when winter comes, and a needy one worn out in two tattered garments. Its plural is 'alah and 'ayl. This verse is in a poem of his which I will mention in its place, God willing. Al-'A'il also means the one who supports dependents. Al-'A'il also means the fearful. In the Book of God, Exalted is He: That is more likely to prevent you from doing injustice. Abu Talib said: With a balance of justice that does not diminish a barleycorn; it has a witness from himself, not fearful. This verse is in a poem of his which I will mention, God willing, in its place. Al-'A'il also means the thing that is heavy and burdensome. A man says: This matter has 'alani, meaning it has weighed me down and wearied me. Al-Farazdaq said: You see the noble, chieftain masters of Quraysh when the matter in vicissitudes becomes heavy. This verse is in a poem of his. As for the orphan, do not oppress him, and as for the beggar, do not repel him: that is, do not be tyrannical or arrogant, nor obscene or harsh toward the weak among God's servants. And as for the favor of your Lord, proclaim it: that is, what has come to you from God of His favor and His honor, namely prophethood, proclaim it, that is, mention it and call to it. So the Messenger of God ﷺ began to mention what God had bestowed upon him and upon the servants through him, namely prophethood, secretly to those of his family whom he trusted.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.