Sirat Ibn Hisham 269
The beginning of the sending down of the Qur'an
ابْتِدَاءُ تَنْزِيلِ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَابْتُدِئَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالتَّنْزِيلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، بِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ. وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: إنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: حم وَالْكِتَابِ الْمُبِينِ إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبَارَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنْذِرِينَ فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ أَمْرًا مِنْ عِنْدِنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: إِنْ كُنْتُمْ آمَنْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَى عَبْدِنَا يَوْمَ الْفُرْقَانِ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ وَذَلِكَ مُلْتَقَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ بِبَدْرٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْتَقَى هُوَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ بِبَدْرٍ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ، صَبِيحَةَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ تَتَامَّ الْوَحْيُ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِاَللَّهِ مُصَّدِّقٌ بِمَا جَاءَهُ مِنْهُ، قَدْ قَبِلَهُ بِقَبُولِهِ، وَتَحَمَّلَ مِنْهُ مَا حَمَلَهُ عَلَى رِضَا الْعِبَادِ وَسَخَطِهِمْ، وَالنُّبُوَّةُ أَثْقَالٌ وَمُؤْنَةٌ، لَا يَحْمِلُهَا وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ بِهَا إلَّا أَهْلُ الْقُوَّةِ وَالْعَزْمِ مِنْ الرُّسُلِ بِعَوْنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَتَوْفِيقِهِ، لَمَا يَلْقَوْنَ مِنْ النَّاسِ وَمَا يُرَدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِمَّا جَاءُوا بِهِ عَنْ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانِهِ وَتَعَالَى. قَالَ: فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ، عَلَى مَا يَلْقَى مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مِنْ الْخِلَافِ وَالْأَذَى.
Translation
✧ The beginning of the revelation of the Qur'an. Ibn Ishaq said: The revelation to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began in the month of Ramadan, in accordance with the words of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion” (Q 2:185). And Allah, Exalted is He, said: “Indeed, We sent it down during the Night of Decree. And what can make you know what is the Night of Decree? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. The angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for every matter. Peace it is until the emergence of dawn” (Q 97:1–5). And Allah, Exalted is He, said: “Hā Mīm. By the clear Book, indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind]. Therein is made distinct every precise matter—a command from Us. Indeed, We were to send [messengers]” (Q 44:1–5). And He, Exalted is He, said: “If you have believed in Allah and in what We sent down upon Our Servant on the Day of Criterion—the day when the two hosts met” (Q 8:41). And that was the meeting of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the polytheists at Badr. Ibn Ishaq said: Abu Jaʿfar Muhammad b. ʿAli b. Husayn related to me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the polytheists met at Badr on Friday, the morning of the seventeenth of Ramadan. Ibn Ishaq said: Then the revelation came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in succession. He believed in Allah, affirmed what came to him from Him, accepted it with full acceptance, and bore what he bore of it amid the satisfaction and wrath of [Allah's] servants. Prophethood is a burden and a responsibility, which none can bear or have strength for except the messengers endowed with strength and resolve, by the help of Allah, Exalted is He, and His enabling—because of what they encounter from people and what is opposed to them in what they brought from Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He. He said: So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went forward with the command of Allah, despite what he met from his people of opposition and harm.
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