Sirat Ibn Hisham 1655
Abū Bakr’s sermon
[ خُطْبَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ] فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ، وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِاَلَّذِي هُوَ أَهْلُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، فَإِنِّي قَدْ وُلِّيتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَسْتُ بِخَيْرِكُمْ، فَإِنْ أَحْسَنْتُ فَأَعِينُونِي؛ وَإِنْ أَسَأْتُ فَقَوِّمُونِي؛ الصَّدْقُ أَمَانَةٌ، وَالْكَذِبُ خِيَانَةٌ، وَالضَّعِيفُ فِيكُمْ قَوِيٌّ عِنْدِي حَتَّى أُرِيحَ عَلَيْهِ حَقَّهُ إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، وَالْقَوِيُّ فِيكُمْ ضَعِيفٌ عِنْدِي حَتَّى آخُذَ الْحَقَّ مِنْهُ إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، لَا يَدَعُ قَوْمٌ الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إلَّا ضَرَبَهُمْ اللَّهُ بِالذُّلِّ، وَلَا تَشِيعُ الْفَاحِشَةُ فِي قَوْمٍ قَطُّ إلَّا عَمَّهُمْ اللَّهُ بِالْبَلَاءِ؛ أَطِيعُونِي مَا أَطَعْتُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ، فَإِذَا عَصَيْتُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَلَا طَاعَةَ لِي عَلَيْكُمْ. قُومُوا إلَى صَلَاتِكُمْ يَرْحَمُكُمْ اللَّهُ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي حُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَأَمْشِي مَعَ عُمَرَ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ وَهُوَ عَامِدٌ إلَى حَاجَةٍ لَهُ، وَفِي يَدِهِ الدِّرَّةُ، وَمَا مَعَهُ غَيْرِي، قَالَ: وَهُوَ يُحَدِّثُ نَفْسَهُ، وَيَضْرِبُ وَحْشِيَّ قَدَمهُ بِدِرَّتِهِ. قَالَ: إذْ الْتَفَتَ إلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: يَا بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا كَانَ حَمَلَنِي عَلَى مَقَالَتِي الَّتِي قُلْتُ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: لَا أَدْرِي يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ؛ قَالَ: فَإِنَّهُ وَاَللَّهِ، إنْ كَانَ الَّذِي حَمَلَنِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ إلَّا أَنِّي كُنْتُ أَقْرَأُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا لِتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ الرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا، فَوَاَللَّهِ إنْ كُنْتُ لَأَظُنُّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَيَبْقَى فِي أُمَّتِهِ حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ عَلَيْهَا بِآخِرِ أَعْمَالِهَا، فَإِنَّهُ لِلَّذِي حَمَلَنِي عَلَى أَنْ قُلْتُ مَا قُلْتُ
Translation
✧ [Abū Bakr’s Sermon] Abū Bakr spoke, praised God, and lauded Him as He deserves, then said: “Now then, O people, I have been put in authority over you, though I am not the best of you. If I do well, help me; and if I do ill, set me straight. Truthfulness is trustworthiness, and lying is treachery. The weak among you is strong in my sight until I restore to him his right, if God wills; and the strong among you is weak in my sight until I take from him the right, if God wills. No people refrain from striving in God’s path except that God strikes them with humiliation; and indecency never spreads among a people except that God overwhelms them with affliction. Obey me as long as I obey God and His Messenger; and if I disobey God and His Messenger, then you owe me no obedience. Rise to your prayer; may God have mercy on you.” Ibn Isḥāq said: Ḥusayn b. ʿAbd Allāh narrated to me, from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: By God, I was walking with ʿUmar during his caliphate while he was heading to attend to some need of his, with the whip in his hand and no one with him but me. Ibn ʿAbbās said: He was talking to himself and striking the side of his foot with his whip. Then he turned to me and said: “O Ibn ʿAbbās, do you know what impelled me to make the statement I made when the Messenger of God ﷺ died?” I said: “I do not know, O Commander of the Faithful; you know better.” He said: “By God, what impelled me to that was only that I used to recite this verse: ‘And thus We have made you a middle nation, that you may be witnesses over the people and the Messenger be a witness over you’ [Q 2:143]. By God, I used to think that the Messenger of God ﷺ would remain among his community until he bore witness over it for the last of its deeds. It was that which impelled me to say what I said.”
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