Sirat Ibn Hisham 1380
The story of Abū Sufyān's Islam at the hands of al-ʿAbbās
[ قِصَّةُ إسْلَامِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَلَى يَدِ الْعَبَّاسِ ] فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ: فَقُلْتُ: وَاصَبَاحَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَاَللَّهِ لَئِنْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ عَنْوَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ، إنَّهُ لَهَلَاكُ قُرَيْشٍ إلَى آخِرِ الدَّهْرِ قَالَ: فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْبَيْضَاءِ، فَخَرَجْتُ عَلَيْهَا. قَالَ: حَتَّى جِئْتُ الْأَرَاكَ، فَقُلْتُ لَعَلِّي أَجِدُ بَعْضَ الْحَطَّابَةِ أَوْ صَاحِبَ لَبَنٍ أَوْ ذَا حَاجَةٍ يَأْتِي مَكَّةَ، فَيُخْبِرَهُمْ بِمَكَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، لِيَخْرُجُوا إلَيْهِ فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ عَنْوَةً. قَالَ: فَوَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَأَسِيرُ عَلَيْهَا وَأَلْتَمِسُ مَا خَرَجْتُ لَهُ إذْ سَمِعْتُ كَلَامَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَبُدَيْلِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ وَهُمَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ، وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَقُولُ مَا رَأَيْتُ كَاللَّيْلَةِ نِيرَانًا قَطُّ وَلَا عَسْكَرًا، قَالَ: يَقُولُ بُدَيْلِ هَذِهِ وَاَللَّهِ خُزَاعَةُ حَمَشَتْهَا الْحَرْبُ قَالَ: يَقُولُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ خُزَاعَةُ أَذَلُّ وَأَقَلُّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ هَذِهِ نِيرَانَهَا وَعَسْكَرَهَا. قَالَ: فَعَرَفْتُ صَوْتَهُ. فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا حَنْظَلَةَ، فَعَرَفَ صَوْتِي، فَقَالَ: أَبُو الْفَضْلِ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ؛ قَالَ: مَالَكَ ؟ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي، قَالَ قُلْتُ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي النَّاسِ وَاصَبَاحَ قُرَيْشٍ وَاَللَّهِ. قَالَ فَمَا الْحِيلَةُ ؟ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَاَللَّهِ لَئِنْ ظَفِرَ بِكَ لَيَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَكَ، فَارْكَبْ فِي عَجُزِ هَذِهِ الْبَغْلَةِ حَتَّى آتِيَ بِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَسْتَأْمِنَهُ لَكَ؛ قَالَ: فَرَكِبَ خَلْفِي وَرَجَعَ صَاحِبَاهُ قَالَ فَجِئْتُ بِهِ كُلَّمَا مَرَرْتُ بِنَارِ مِنْ نِيرَانِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالُوا: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ فَإِذَا رَأَوْا بَغْلَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا عَلَيْهَا، قَالُوا عَمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ. حَتَّى مَرَرْتُ بِنَارِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ وَقَامَ إلَيَّ؛ فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبَا سُفْيَانَ عَلَى عَجُزِ الدَّابَّةِ قَالَ: أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمْكَنَ مِنْكَ بِغَيْرِ عَقْدٍ وَلَا عَهْدٍ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَشْتَدُّ نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَرَكَضْتُ الْبَغْلَةَ، فَسَبَقَتْهُ بِمَا تَسْبِقُ الدَّابَّةُ الْبَطِيئَةُ الرَّجُلَ الْبَطِيءَ. قَالَ: فَاقْتَحَمْتُ عَنْ الْبَغْلَةِ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَذَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قَدْ أَمْكَنَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ بِغَيْرِ عَقْدٍ وَلَا عَهْدٍ، فَدَعْنِي فَلْأَضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنِّي قَدْ أَجَرْتُهُ، ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَأَخَذْتُ بِرَأْسِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: وَاَللَّهِ لَا يُنَاجِيهِ اللَّيْلَةَ دُونِي رَجُلٌ، فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ عُمَرُ فِي شَأْنِهِ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ، فَوَاَللَّهِ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَتْ مِنْ بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ مَا قُلْتُ هَذَا، وَلَكِنَّكَ قَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ رِجَالِ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، فَقَالَ: مَهْلًا يَا عَبَّاسُ فَوَاَللَّهِ لَإِسْلَامُكَ يَوْمَ أَسْلَمْتُ كَانَ أَحَبَّ إلَيَّ مِنْ إسْلَامِ الْخَطَّابِ لَوْ أَسْلَمَ، وَمَا بِي إلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّ إسْلَامَكَ كَانَ أَحَبَّ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ إسْلَامِ الْخَطَّابِ لَوْ أَسْلَمَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: اذْهَبْ بِهِ يَا عَبَّاسُ إلَى رَحْلِكَ، فَإِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ فَأْتِنِي بِهِ؛ قَالَ: فَذَهَبْتُ بِهِ إلَى رَحْلِي فَبَاتَ عِنْدِي، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدَوْتُ بِهِ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لَكَ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ لَا إلَهَ إلَّا اللَّهُ ؟ قَالَ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي مَا أَحْلَمَكَ وَأَكْرَمَكَ وَأَوْصَلَكَ، وَاَللَّهِ لَقَدْ ظَنَنْتُ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إلَهٌ غَيْرُهُ لَقَدْ أَغْنَى عَنِّي شَيْئًا بَعْدُ، قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لَكَ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي، مَا أَحْلَمَكَ وَأَكْرَمَكَ وَأَوْصَلَكَ أَمَّا هَذِهِ وَاَللَّهِ فَإِنَّ فِي النَّفْسِ مِنْهَا حَتَّى الْآنَ شَيْئًا. فَقَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ: وَيْحَكَ أَسْلِمْ وَاشْهَدْ أَنْ لَا إلَهَ إلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُضْرَبَ عُنُقُكَ. قَالَ: فَشَهِدَ شَهَادَةَ الْحَقِّ، فَأَسْلَمَ، قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ هَذَا الْفَخْرَ، فَاجْعَلْ لَهُ شَيْئًا قَالَ: نَعَمْ، مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ لِيَنْصَرِفَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَا عَبَّاسُ، احْبِسْهُ بِمَضِيقِ الْوَادِي عِنْدَ خَطْمِ الْجَبَلِ، حَتَّى تَمُرَّ بِهِ جُنُودُ اللَّهِ فَيَرَاهَا. قَالَ: فَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى حَبَسْتُهُ بِمَضِيقِ الْوَادِي، حَيْثُ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَحْبِسَهُ
Translation
✧ [The account of Abū Sufyān's conversion to Islam at the hands of al-ʿAbbās] When the Messenger of God ﷺ encamped at Marr al-Ẓahrān, al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib said: I said: 'O morning of Quraysh! By God, if the Messenger of God ﷺ enters Makkah by force before they come to him and seek his protection, it will be the ruin of Quraysh to the end of time.' He said: So I mounted the white she-mule of the Messenger of God ﷺ and rode out on it. He said: Until I came to the arāk trees, and I said to myself: 'Perhaps I will find one of the woodcutters, or a milk-seller, or someone with a need who is going to Makkah, so that he may inform them of the location of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and they may come out to him and seek his protection before he enters it against them by force.' He said: By God, as I was riding along on it, seeking what I had come out for, I heard the speech of Abū Sufyān and Budayl b. Warqāʾ, as they were talking to each other, and Abū Sufyān was saying: 'I have never seen fires like tonight, nor an army.' He said: Budayl was saying: 'These, by God, are Khuzāʿah, stirred up by war.' He said: Abū Sufyān was saying: 'Khuzāʿah are too lowly and too few for these to be their fires and their army.' He said: I recognized his voice, so I said: 'O Abā Ḥanẓalah!' He recognized my voice and said: 'Abū al-Faḍl?' He said: I said: 'Yes.' He said: 'What is the matter with you? May my father and mother be your ransom.' He said: I said: 'Woe to you, O Abū Sufyān! This is the Messenger of God ﷺ among the people. O morning of Quraysh, by God!' He said: 'Then what is the trick? May my father and mother be your ransom?' He said: I said: 'By God, if he gets hold of you, he will strike your neck. So ride on the hindquarters of this mule until I bring you to the Messenger of God ﷺ and seek protection for you from him.' He said: So he rode behind me, and his two companions returned. He said: I brought him along, and every time I passed by a fire from the fires of the Muslims, they said: 'Who is this?' When they saw the mule of the Messenger of God ﷺ with me on it, they said: 'The uncle of the Messenger of God ﷺ on his mule.' Until I passed by the fire of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ, and he said: 'Who is this?' and he stood up toward me. When he saw Abū Sufyān on the hindquarters of the animal, he said: 'Abū Sufyān, the enemy of God! Praise be to God who has given us power over you without any pact or covenant.' Then he went off, hastening toward the Messenger of God ﷺ. I urged the mule on, and it outran him as a slow animal outruns a slow man. He said: I dismounted from the mule and went in to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and ʿUmar entered upon him and said: 'O Messenger of God, this is Abū Sufyān. God has given us power over him without any pact or covenant. Let me strike his neck.' He said: I said: 'O Messenger of God, I have granted him protection.' Then I sat down close to the Messenger of God ﷺ and took hold of his head, and I said: 'By God, no man shall whisper with him tonight besides me.' When ʿUmar kept on about his affair, he said: I said: 'Gently, O ʿUmar! By God, if he had been of the Banū ʿAdī b. Kaʿb, you would not have said this, but you have known that he is one of the men of the Banū ʿAbd Manāf.' He said: 'Gently, O ʿAbbās! By God, your becoming a Muslim on the day you became a Muslim was dearer to me than the conversion of al-Khaṭṭāb would have been, if he had become a Muslim, and that is only because I knew that your conversion was dearer to the Messenger of God ﷺ than the conversion of al-Khaṭṭāb would have been, if he had become a Muslim.' Then the Messenger of God ﷺ said: 'Take him to your camp, O ʿAbbās, and when morning comes, bring him to me.' He said: So I took him to my camp, and he spent the night with me. When morning came, I went with him to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and when the Messenger of God ﷺ saw him, he said: 'Woe to you, O Abū Sufyān! Has not the time come for you to know that there is no god but God?' He said: 'May my father and mother be your ransom! How forbearing, how noble, how kind you are! By God, I thought that if there had been with God another god, he would have availed me something by now.' He said: 'Woe to you, O Abū Sufyān! Has not the time come for you to know that I am the Messenger of God?' He said: 'May my father and mother be your ransom! How forbearing, how noble, how kind you are! As for this, by God, there is still something in my soul about it until now.' Then al-ʿAbbās said to him: 'Woe to you! Become a Muslim and testify that there is no god but God and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of God, before your neck is struck.' He said: So he bore witness to the testimony of truth and became a Muslim. Al-ʿAbbās said: I said: 'O Messenger of God, Abū Sufyān is a man who loves this glory, so grant him something.' He said: 'Yes. Whoever enters the house of Abū Sufyān is safe, and whoever shuts his door is safe, and whoever enters the mosque is safe.' When he was about to leave, the Messenger of God ﷺ said: 'O ʿAbbās, detain him at the narrow part of the valley, near the slope of the mountain, so that the armies of God may pass by him and he may see them.' He said: So I went out and detained him at the narrow part of the valley, where the Messenger of God ﷺ had commanded me to detain him.
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