Sirat Ibn Hisham 1257
The revelation of the Qurʾān declaring ʿĀʾishah's innocence
[ هَمُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بِعَدِمِ الْإِنْفَاقِ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ ثُمَّ عُدُولُهُ ] فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ هَذَا فِي عَائِشَةَ، وَفِيمَنْ قَالَ لَهَا مَا قَالَ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ لِقَرَابَتِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ: وَاَللَّهِ لَا أُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ شَيْئًا أَبَدًا، وَلَا أَنْفَعُهُ بِنَفْعِ أَبَدًا بَعْدَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ، وَأَدْخَلَ عَلَيْنَا قَالَتْ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ. [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ بَعْضَ الْغَرِيبِ ] [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ بَعْضَ الْغَرِيبِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: يُقَالُ: كِبْرُهُ وَكُبْرُهُ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ، وَأَمَّا فِي الْقُرْآنِ فَكِبْرُهُ بِالْكَسْرِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَلَا يَأْلُ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ. قَالَ امْرُؤُ الْقَيْسِ بْنُ حِجْرٍ الْكِنْدِي: أَلَا رُبَّ خَصْمٌ فِيكَ أَلْوَى رَدَدْتُهُ نَصِيحٌ عَلَى تَعْذَالِهِ غَيْرُ مُؤْتَلِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ، وَيُقَالُ: وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُوا الْفَضْلِ: وَلَا يَحْلِفُ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ، فِيمَا بَلَغْنَا عَنْهُ. وَفِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: لِلَّذِينَ يُؤْلُونَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ وَهُوَ مِنْ الْأَلْيَةِ، وَالْأَلْيَةُ: الْيَمِينُ. قَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ: آلَيْتُ مَا فِي جَمِيعِ النَّاسِ مُجْتَهِدًا مِنِّي أَلِيَّةَ بِرٍّ غَيْرَ إفْنَادِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ، سَأَذْكُرُهَا إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فِي مَوْضِعِهَا. فَمَعْنَى: أَنْ يُؤْتَوْا فِي هَذَا الْمَذْهَبِ: أَنْ لَا يُؤْتَوْا، وَفِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ -: يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَضِلُّوا يُرِيدُ: أَنْ لَا تَضِلُّوا؛ وَيُمْسِكُ السَّمَاءَ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ يُرِيدُ أَنْ لَا تَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ مُفَرَّغٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ: لَا ذَعَرْتُ السَّوَامَ فِي وَضَحِ الصُّبْحِ مُغِيرًا وَلَا دُعِيتُ يَزِيدَا يَوْمَ أُعْطَى مَخَافَةَ الْمَوْتِ ضَيْمًا وَالْمَنَايَا يَرْصُدْنَنِي أَنْ أَحِيدَا يُرِيدُ: أَنْ لَا أَحِيدَ وَهَذَانِ الْبَيْتَانِ فِي أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: قَالَتْ: فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: بَلَى وَاَللَّهِ: إنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لِي، فَرَجَّعَ إلَى مِسْطَحٍ نَفَقَتَهُ الَّتِي كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ لَا أَنْزِعُهَا مِنْهُ أَبَدًا
Translation
✧ [Abū Bakr's intention not to spend on Misṭaḥ and then his changing his mind] When this was revealed concerning ʿĀʾishah and those who said about her what they said, Abū Bakr — who used to spend on Misṭaḥ because of his kinship and his need — said: 'By God, I shall never spend anything on Misṭaḥ, nor shall I ever benefit him with any benefit after what he said about ʿĀʾishah and brought upon us.' She said: Then God revealed concerning that: 'And let not those of virtue among you and affluence swear not to give to the near of kin, the needy, and the emigrants in the way of God; and let them pardon and overlook. Do you not love that God should forgive you? And God is forgiving, merciful.' [Ibn Hishām's explanation of some uncommon words] [Ibn Hishām's explanation of some uncommon words] Ibn Hishām said: One says kibruhu and kubruhu in the narrative, but in the Qurʾān it is kibruhu with kasrah. Ibn Hishām said: 'And let not those of virtue among you swear' and 'let not those of virtue among you refrain.' Imruʾ al-Qays b. Ḥijr al-Kindī said: 'Many an opponent concerning you who was crooked I repelled, a sincere adviser despite his reproach, not refraining.' This verse is in a poem of his. And it is said: 'Let not those of virtue swear' means 'let not those of virtue take an oath.' This is the saying of al-Ḥasan b. Abī al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī, as has reached us from him. And in the Book of God, exalted is He: 'For those who swear off from their women' — it is from al-alyah, and al-alyah is the oath. Ḥassān b. Thābit said: 'I swore an oath — among all people, striving from me, an oath of piety, not of dotage.' This verse is in verses of his which I shall mention, God willing, in their proper place. So the meaning of 'that they give' in this interpretation is 'that they do not give.' And in the Book of God, mighty and majestic is He: 'God makes clear to you lest you go astray' — He means: that you not go astray; 'and He withholds the sky from falling upon the earth' — He means: that it not fall upon the earth. And Ibn Mufarrigh al-Ḥimyarī said: 'I did not frighten the grazing beasts in the bright dawn as a raider, nor was I called Yazīd on the day I was given, through fear of death, injustice, while the fates watch me that I should turn aside' — he means: that I not turn aside. These two verses are in verses of his. Ibn Isḥāq said: She said: Abū Bakr said: 'Yes, by God, indeed I love that God should forgive me,' and he restored to Misṭaḥ his allowance which he used to give him, and he said: 'By God, I shall never take it away from him.'
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No grade is recorded for this wording.