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Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 37846

✧ The great expedition of Badr and what it was and its affair

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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ:

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأُسَارَى ؟ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَوْمُكَ وَأَصْلُكَ، اسْتَبْقِهِمْ وَاسْتَتِبْهُمْ، لَعَلَّ اللهَ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَقَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ: كَذَّبُوكَ وَأَخْرَجُوكَ قَدِّمْهُمْ نَضْرِبْ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ، وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنْتَ فِي وَادٍ كَثِيرِ الْحَطَبِ، فَأَضْرِمِ الْوَادِيَ عَلَيْهِمْ نَارًا ثُمَّ أَلْقِهِمْ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: [قَطَعَ اللهُ] [١]رَحِمَكَ، قَالَ، فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَدَخَلَ. فَقَالَ أُنَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَقَالَ أُنَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عُمَرَ، وَقَالَ أُنَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُلَيِّنُ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَلْيَنَ مِنَ اللَّبِنِ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ لَيُشَدِّدُ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَثَلُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: ﴿فَمَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَإِنَّكَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ ﴾، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ عِيسَى قَالَ: ﴿إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ﴾وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ مَثَلُ مُوسَى قَالَ: ﴿رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الأَلِيمَ ﴾، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ مَثَلُ نُوحٍ قَالَ: ﴿رَبِّ لا تَذَرْ عَلَى الأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا ﴾أَنْتُمْ عَالَةٌ فَلَا يَنْفَلِتَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا بِفِدَاءٍ أَوْ ضَرْبَةِ عُنُقٍ. فَقَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِلَّا سُهَيْلَ بْنَ بَيْضَاءَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَذْكُرُ الْإِسْلَامَ، قَالَ: فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَمَا رَأَيْتُنِي فِي يَوْمٍ أَخْوَفَ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَيَّ حِجَارَةٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِنِّي فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ حَتَّى قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: إِلَّا سُهَيْلَ بْنَ بَيْضَاءَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﴿مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الأَرْضِ ﴾إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ

Translation

Chain of narrators

machine translationAbū Muʿāwiyah narrated to us, from al-Aʿmash, from ʿAmr b. Murrah, from Abū ʿUbaydah, from ʿAbdullāh, who said:

Machine translation, not reviewed

When it was the day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "What do you say about these captives?" Abū Bakr said: "O Messenger of Allah, they are your people and your kin. Spare them and call them to repent; perhaps Allah will accept their repentance." ʿUmar said: "O Messenger of Allah, they called you a liar and drove you out. Bring them forward and let us strike their necks." ʿAbdullāh b. Rawāḥah said: "O Messenger of Allah, you are in a valley with abundant firewood. Set the valley ablaze upon them with fire, then throw them into it." Al-ʿAbbās said: "[May Allah cut off] [1] your kinship!" He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell silent and did not reply to them, then he got up and went inside. Some people said: "He will take the view of Abū Bakr," and some said: "He will take the view of ʿUmar," and some said: "He will take the view of ʿAbdullāh b. Rawāḥah." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out and said: "Indeed Allah softens the hearts of some men concerning Him until they are softer than milk, and indeed Allah hardens the hearts of some men concerning Him until they are harder than stones. Indeed your likeness, O Abū Bakr, is that of Ibrāhīm, who said: ﴿فَمَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَإِنَّكَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ﴾. And indeed your likeness, O Abū Bakr, is that of ʿĪsā, who said: ﴿إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾. And indeed your likeness, O ʿUmar, is that of Mūsā, who said: ﴿رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الأَلِيمَ﴾. And indeed your likeness, O ʿUmar, is that of Nūḥ, who said: ﴿رَبِّ لا تَذَرْ عَلَى الأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا﴾. You are in need, so let none of them escape except by ransom or the striking of his neck." Ibn Masʿūd said: "O Messenger of Allah, except Suhayl b. Bayḍāʾ, for I have heard him mention Islam." He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell silent, and I never saw myself on any day more afraid that stones would fall on me from the sky than on that day, until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Except Suhayl b. Bayḍāʾ." Then Allah revealed: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الأَرْضِ﴾ to the end of the verse.

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