Tarikh (al-Tabari) 84
The story of Noah (peace be upon him)
ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى: قِيلَ يَا نُوحُ اهْبِطْ بِسَلَامٍ مِنَّا وَبَرَكَاتٍ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى أُمَمٍ مِمَّنْ مَعَكَ وَأُمَمٌ سَنُمَتِّعُهُمْ ثُمَّ يَمَسُّهُمْ مِنَّا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ. هَذَا أَمْرٌ لِنُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمَّا نَضَبَ الْمَاءُ عَنْ وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ، وَأَمْكَنَ السَّعْيُ فِيهَا، وَالِاسْتِقْرَارُ عَلَيْهَا، أَنْ يَهْبِطَ مِنَ السَّفِينَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ قَدِ اسْتَقَرَّتْ بَعْدَ سَيْرِهَا الْعَظِيمِ عَلَى ظَهْرِ جَبَلِ الْجُودِيِّ وَهُوَ جَبَلٌ بِأَرْضِ الْجَزِيرَةِ مَشْهُورٌ، وَقَدْ قَدَّمْنَا ذِكْرَهُ عِنْدَ خَلْقِ الْجِبَالِ بِسَلَامٍ مِنَّا وَبَرَكَاتٍ. أَيِ اهْبِطْ سَالِمًا مُبَارَكًا عَلَيْكَ، وَعَلَى أُمَمٍ مِمَّنْ سَيُولَدُ بَعْدُ. أَيْ مِنْ أَوْلَادِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِأَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَسْلًا، وَلَا عَقِبًا سِوَى نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَجَعَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُ هُمُ الْبَاقِينَ. إخبار عيسى عليه السلام للحوارين عن سفينة نوح وعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَالَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ لِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ: لَوْ بَعَثْتَ لَنَا رَجُلًا شَهِدَ السَّفِينَةَ فَحَدَّثَنَا عَنْهَا ؟ قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِمْ حَتَّى أَتَى إِلَى كَثِيبٍ مِنْ تُرَابٍ، فَأَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ ذَلِكَ التُّرَابِ بِكَفِّهِ، قَالَ: أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَا ؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ: هَذَا كَعْبُ حَامَ بْنِ نُوحٍ. قَالَ: وَضَرَبَ الْكَثِيبَ بِعَصَاهُ، وَقَالَ: قُمْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ. فَإِذَا هُوَ قَائِمٌ يَنْفُضُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ قَدْ شَابَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هَكَذَا هَلَكْتَ. قَالَ: لَا. وَلَكِنِّي مِتُّ وَأَنَا شَابٌّ، وَلَكِنِّي ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهَا السَّاعَةُ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ شِبْتُ. قَالَ: حَدِّثْنَا عَنْ سَفِينَةِ نُوحٍ. قَالَ: كَانَ طُولُهَا أَلْفَ ذِرَاعٍ وَمِائَتَيْ ذِرَاعٍ، وَعَرْضُهَا سِتُّمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ، وَكَانَتْ ثَلَاثَ طَبَقَاتٍ ; فَطَبَقَةٌ فِيهَا الدَّوَابُّ وَالْوَحْشُ، وَطَبَقَةٌ فِيهَا الْإِنْسُ، وَطَبَقَةٌ فِيهَا الطَّيْرُ، فَلَمَّا كَثُرَ أَرْوَاثُ الدَّوَابِّ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنِ اغْمِزْ ذَنَبَ الْفِيلِ، فَغَمَزَهُ فَوَقَعَ مِنْهُ خِنْزِيرٌ وَخِنْزِيرَةٌ فَأَقْبَلَا عَلَى الرَّوْثِ، وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ الْفَأْرُ يَخْرِزُ السَّفِينَةَ بِقَرْضِهِ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنِ اضْرِبْ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيِ الْأَسَدِ، فَخَرَجَ مِنْ مَنْخَرِهِ سِنَّوْرٌ وَسِنَّوْرَةٌ فَأَقْبَلَا عَلَى الْفَأْرِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى: كَيْفَ عَلِمَ نُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ الْبِلَادَ قَدْ غَرِقَتْ. قَالَ: بَعَثَ الْغُرَابَ يَأْتِيهِ بِالْخَبَرِ فَوَجَدَ جِيفَةً فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا، فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِ بِالْخَوْفِ فَلِذَلِكَ لَا يَأْلَفُ الْبُيُوتَ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ بَعَثَ الْحَمَامَةَ فَجَاءَتْ بِوَرَقِ زَيْتُونٍ بِمِنْقَارِهَا وَطِينٍ بِرِجْلَيْهَا، فَعَلِمَ أَنَّ الْبِلَادَ قَدْ غَرِقَتْ فَطَوَّقَهَا الْخُضْرَةَ الَّتِي فِي عُنُقِهَا، وَدَعَا لَهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ فِي أُنْسٍ وَأَمَانٍ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ تَأْلَفُ الْبُيُوتَ. قَالَ: فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَا نَنْطَلِقُ بِهِ إِلَى أَهْلِينَا فَيَجْلِسُ مَعَنَا وَيُحَدِّثُنَا ؟ قَالَ: كَيْفَ يَتْبَعُكُمْ مَنْ لَا رِزْقَ لَهُ ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهُ: عُدْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ فَعَادَ تُرَابًا، وَهَذَا أَثَرٌ غَرِيبٌ جِدًّا. وعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ مَعَ نُوحٍ فِي السَّفِينَةِ ثَمَانُونَ رَجُلًا مَعَهُمْ أَهْلُوهُمْ، وَأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا فِي السَّفِينَةِ مِائَةً وَخَمْسِينَ يَوْمًا، وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ وَجَّهَ السَّفِينَةَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَدَارَتْ بِالْبَيْتِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا، ثُمَّ وَجَّهَهَا إِلَى الْجُودِيِّ فَاسْتَقَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِ فَبَعَثَ نُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْغُرَابَ لِيَأْتِيَهُ بِخَبَرِ الْأَرْضِ، فَذَهَبَ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى الْجِيَفِ فَأَبْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ، فَبَعَثَ الْحَمَامَةَ فَأَتَتْهُ بِوَرَقِ الزَّيْتُونِ، وَلَطَّخَتْ رِجْلَيْهَا بِالطِّينِ، فَعَرَفَ نُوحٌ أَنَّ الْمَاءَ قَدْ نَضَبَ، فَهَبَطَ إِلَى أَسْفَلِ الْجُودِيِّ فَابْتَنَى قَرْيَةً، وَسَمَّاهَا ثَمَانِينَ، فَأَصْبَحُوا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، وَقَدْ تَبَلْبَلَتْ أَلْسِنَتُهُمْ عَلَى ثَمَانِينَ لُغَةً ; إِحْدَاهَا لُغَةُ الْعَرَبِيِّ، فَكَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا يَفْقَهُ كَلَامَ بَعْضٍ، فَكَانَ نُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُعَبِّرُ عَنْهُ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ وَغَيْرُهُ: رَكِبُوا فِي السَّفِينَةِ فِي الْيَوْمِ الْعَاشِرِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَجَبٍ فَسَارُوا مِائَةً وَخَمْسِينَ يَوْمًا، وَاسْتَقَرَّتْ بِهِمْ عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ شَهْرًا، وَكَانَ خُرُوجُهُمْ مِنَ السَّفِينَةِ فِي يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ، وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ خَبَرًا مَرْفُوعًا يُوَافِقُ هَذَا، وَأَنَّهُمْ صَامُوا يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ. وعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِأُنَاسٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ، وَقَدْ صَامُوا يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ: " مَا هَذَا مِنَ الصَّوْمِ ؟ " فَقَالُوا: هَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي نَجَّى اللَّهُ مُوسَى وَبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ، وَغَرِقَ فِيهِ فِرْعَوْنُ، وَهَذَا يَوْمٌ اسْتَوَتْ فِيهِ السَّفِينَةُ عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ فَصَامَ نُوحٌ وَمُوسَى عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى وَأَحَقُّ بِصَوْمِ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ ". وَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: " مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ، وَمَنْ كَانَ أَصَابَ مِنْ غَدَاءِ أَهْلِهِ فَلْيُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ ". وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ لَهُ شَاهِدٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ، وَالْمُسْتَغْرَبُ ذِكْرُ نُوحٍ أَيْضًا. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَأَمَّا مَا يَذْكُرُهُ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْجَهَلَةِ: أَنَّهُمْ أَكَلُوا مِنْ فُضُولِ أَزْوَادِهِمْ، وَمِنْ حُبُوبٍ كَانَتْ مَعَهُمْ قَدِ اسْتَصْحَبُوهَا، وَطَحَنُوا الْحُبُوبَ يَوْمَئِذٍ، وَاكْتَحَلُوا بِالْإِثْمِدِ لِتَقْوِيَةِ أَبْصَارِهِمْ لَمَّا ابْهَارَّتْ مِنَ الضِّيَاءِ بَعْدَ مَا كَانُوا فِي ظُلْمَةِ السَّفِينَةِ، فَكُلُّ هَذَا لَا يَصِحُّ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، وَإِنَّمَا يُذْكَرُ فِيهِ آثَارٌ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا يُعْتَمَدُ عَلَيْهَا وَلَا يُقْتَدَى بِهَا، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. انتهاء الطوفان وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: لَمَّا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَكُفَّ ذَلِكَ الطُّوفَانَ أَرْسَلَ رِيحًا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ فَسَكَنَ الْمَاءُ، وَانْسَدَّتْ يَنَابِيعُ الْأَرْضِ، فَجَعَلَ الْمَاءُ يَنْقُصُ وَيَغِيضُ وَيُدْبِرُ، وَكَانَ اسْتِوَاءُ الْفُلْكِ عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ فِيمَا يَزْعُمُ أَهْلُ التَّوْرَاةِ فِي الشَّهْرِ السَّابِعِ لِسَبْعَ عَشْرَ لَيْلَةً مَضَتْ مِنْهُ، وَفِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ الْعَاشِرِ رُئِيَتْ رُءُوسُ الْجِبَالِ، فَلَمَّا مَضَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَرْبَعُونَ يَوْمًا فَتَحَ نُوحٌ كَوَّةَ الْفُلْكِ الَّتِي صَنَعَ فِيهَا، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ الْغُرَابَ لِيَنْظُرَ لَهُ مَا فَعَلَ الْمَاءُ فَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَرْسَلَ الْحَمَامَةَ فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ لِرِجْلَيْهَا مَوْضِعًا، فَبَسَطَ يَدَهُ لِلْحَمَامَةِ فَأَخَذَهَا فَأَدْخَلَهَا، ثُمَّ مَضَتْ سَبْعَةُ أَيَّامٍ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَهَا لِتَنْظُرَ لَهُ، فَرَجَعَتْ حِينَ أَمْسَتْ وَفِي فِيهَا وَرَقُ زَيْتُونَةٍ فَعَلِمَ نُوحٌ أَنَّ الْمَاءَ قَدْ قَلَّ عَنْ وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ، ثُمَّ مَكَثَ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَهَا فَلَمْ تَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَعَلِمَ نُوحٌ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ قَدْ بَرَزَتْ، فَلَمَّا كَمَلَتِ السَّنَةُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ أَنْ أَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ الطُّوفَانَ إِلَى أَنْ أَرْسَلَ نُوحٌ الْحَمَامَةَ، وَدَخَلَ يَوْمٌ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ بَرَزَ وَجْهُ الْأَرْضِ وَظَهَرَ الْبَرُّ، وَكَشَفَ نُوحٌ غِطَاءَ الْفُلْكِ. وَهَذَا الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ هُوَ بِعَيْنِهِ مَضْمُونُ سِيَاقِ التَّوْرَاةِ الَّتِي بِأَيْدِي أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَفِي الشَّهْرِ الثَّانِي مِنْ سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ فِي سِتٍّ وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً مِنْهُ قِيلَ يَانُوحُ اهْبِطْ بِسَلَامٍ مِنَّا وَبَرَكَاتٍ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى أُمَمٍ مِمَّنْ مَعَكَ وَأُمَمٌ سَنُمَتِّعُهُمْ ثُمَّ يَمَسُّهُمْ مِنَّا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ. وَفِيمَا ذَكَرَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ كَلَّمَ نُوحًا قَائِلًا لَهُ: اخْرُجْ مِنَ الْفُلْكِ أَنْتَ وَامْرَأَتُكَ وَبَنُوكَ وَنِسَاءُ بَنِيكَ مَعَكَ، وَجَمِيعُ الدَّوَابِّ الَّتِي مَعَكَ، وَلِتَنْمُوَا وَلِتَكْثُرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَخَرَجُوا، وَابْتَنَى نُوحٌ مَذْبَحًا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَأَخَذَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الدَّوَابِّ الْحَلَالِ وَالطَّيْرِ الْحَلَالِ فَذَبَحَهَا قُرْبَانًا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَعَهِدَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يُعِيدَ الطُّوفَانَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ، وَجَعَلَ تَذْكَارَ الْمِيثَاقِ إِلَيْهِ الْقَوْسُ الَّذِي فِي الْغَمَامِ، وَهُوَ قَوْسُ قُزَحَ الَّذِي قَدَّمْنَا عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ أَمَانٌ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ. قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: فِيهِ إِشَارَةٌ إِلَى أَنَّهُ قَوْسٌ بِلَا وَتَرٍ. أَيْ ; أَنَّ هَذَا الْغَمَامَ لَا يُوجَدُ مِنْهُ طُوفَانٌ كَأَوَّلِ مَرَّةٍ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ
Translation
✧ Then He, exalted is He, said: “It was said, ‘O Nūḥ, descend with peace from Us and blessings upon you and upon nations from those with you; and nations We shall give enjoyment, then a painful torment from Us shall touch them.’” This is a command to Nūḥ ﷺ, when the water had receded from the face of the earth and movement upon it and settling on it became possible, that he should descend from the ship which had come to rest, after its great voyage, upon the top of Mount al-Jūdī, which is a well-known mountain in the land of al-Jazīrah; and we have previously mentioned it in connection with the creation of mountains. “With peace from Us and blessings,” that is, descend safe and blessed upon you and upon nations from those who will be born later, meaning from your offspring, for Allah did not grant progeny or posterity to any of the believers who were with him except Nūḥ ﷺ. He, exalted is He, said: “And We made his offspring the survivors.” Report of ʿĪsā ﷺ to the disciples about the ship of Nūḥ: From Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: The disciples said to ʿĪsā son of Maryam, “If only you would send us a man who witnessed the ship, and he could tell us about it.” He said: So he went with them until he came to a mound of earth, and he took a handful of that earth in his palm. He said, “Do you know what this is?” They said, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He said, “This is the heel of Ḥām son of Nūḥ.” He said: And he struck the mound with his staff and said, “Rise, by Allah’s permission.” And there he was, standing, shaking the dust from his head, having grown white-haired. ʿĪsā ﷺ said to him, “Is this how you perished?” He said, “No, but I died while a young man, but I thought it was the Hour, and for that reason I grew white-haired.” He said, “Tell us about the ship of Nūḥ.” He said, “Its length was one thousand two hundred cubits and its width six hundred cubits, and it had three decks: one deck for beasts and wild animals, one deck for humans, and one deck for birds. When the dung of the beasts became abundant, Allah, mighty and glorious is He, revealed to Nūḥ ﷺ, ‘Press the elephant’s tail.’ So he pressed it, and a male pig and a female pig fell from it, and they set upon the dung. And when the mouse fell to gnawing holes in the ship with its biting, Allah, mighty and glorious is He, revealed to Nūḥ ﷺ, ‘Strike between the lion’s eyes.’ So a male cat and a female cat came out from its nostril, and they set upon the mouse.” ʿĪsā said to him, “How did Nūḥ ﷺ know that the lands had become submerged?” He said, “He sent the crow to bring him news, but it found a carcass and settled upon it, so he called down fear upon it; therefore it does not keep company with houses.” He said, “Then he sent the dove, and it came with an olive leaf in its beak and clay on its feet, so he knew that the lands had become submerged. He placed around its neck the greenness that is in its neck, and he called for it to be in intimacy and security; therefore it keeps company with houses.” He said: They said, “O Messenger of Allah, shall we not take him to our families so that he may sit with us and talk to us?” He said, “How can one who has no sustenance follow you?” He said: Then he said to him, “Return, by Allah’s permission,” and he returned to dust. And this is a very strange report. From Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: There were with Nūḥ in the ship eighty men with their families, and they were in the ship one hundred and fifty days, and Allah directed the ship to Makkah, and it circled the House for forty days, then He directed it to al-Jūdī, and it settled upon it. Then Nūḥ ﷺ sent the crow to bring him news of the land, and it went and settled upon corpses and was slow to return, so he sent the dove, and it brought him an olive leaf and smeared its feet with clay. Thus Nūḥ knew that the water had receded, and he descended to the foot of al-Jūdī and built a village and named it Thamānīn (Eighty). One day they woke up and their tongues had become confused into eighty languages, one of which was the language of the Arabs, and some of them could not understand the speech of others, and Nūḥ ﷺ used to interpret for them. Qatādah and others said: They boarded the ship on the tenth day of the month of Rajab and sailed for one hundred and fifty days, and it settled with them upon al-Jūdī for a month, and their disembarkation from the ship was on the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ of al-Muḥarram. Ibn Jarīr related a report traceable to the Prophet that agrees with this, and that they fasted that day of theirs. From Abū Hurayrah, who said: The Prophet ﷺ passed by some Jews who had fasted on the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ, and he said, “What is this fast?” They said, “This is the day on which Allah delivered Mūsā and the Children of Israel from drowning and on which Pharaoh drowned, and it is the day on which the ship settled upon al-Jūdī, so Nūḥ and Mūsā (peace be upon them both) fasted in gratitude to Allah, mighty and glorious is He.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “I am more entitled to Mūsā and more entitled to fasting this day.” He said to his companions, “Whoever of you began the day fasting, let him complete his fast, and whoever has partaken of his family’s morning meal, let him complete the rest of his day.” This ḥadīth has a supporting witness in the Ṣaḥīḥ from another route, and the unusual point is the mention of Nūḥ as well. And Allah knows best. As for what many of the ignorant mention: that they ate from the leftovers of their provisions and from grains they had with them and had carried along, and that they ground the grains that day and applied antimony to their eyes to strengthen their sight when it was dazzled by the light after they had been in the darkness of the ship—none of this is valid, and only disconnected reports from the Children of Israel are mentioned concerning it, not to be relied upon or followed. And Allah knows best. The end of the flood: Muḥammad b. Isḥāq said: When Allah willed to check that flood, He sent a wind over the face of the earth, and the water became still, and the springs of the earth were closed up, and the water began to decrease, subside, and retreat. The settling of the ark upon al-Jūdī, as the people of the Torah claim, was in the seventh month, after seventeen nights of it had passed, and on the first day of the tenth month the tops of the mountains were seen. Then after forty days had passed, Nūḥ opened the window of the ark that he had made in it, then he sent the crow to see for him what the water had done, and it did not return to him. So he sent the dove, and it returned to him, and it found no place for its feet, so he stretched out his hand for the dove, took it, and brought it in. Then seven days passed, then he sent it to see for him, and it returned at evening with an olive leaf in its mouth, so Nūḥ knew that the water had decreased from the face of the earth. Then he waited seven days, then he sent it, and it did not return to him, so Nūḥ knew that the earth had emerged. When the year was completed—between the time Allah sent the flood and the time Nūḥ sent the dove—and one day of the first month of the second year had entered, the face of the earth emerged and the dry land appeared, and Nūḥ uncovered the covering of the ark. What Ibn Isḥāq mentioned is precisely the content of the account of the Torah that is in the hands of the People of the Book. Ibn Isḥāq said: And in the second month of the second year, on the twenty-sixth night of it, it was said, “O Nūḥ, descend with peace from Us and blessings upon you and upon nations from those with you; and nations We shall give enjoyment, then a painful torment from Us shall touch them.” In what the People of the Book mention, Allah spoke to Nūḥ, saying to him: “Come out of the ark, you and your wife and your sons and your sons’ wives with you, and all the beasts that are with you, and grow and multiply in the earth.” So they came out, and Nūḥ built an altar to Allah, mighty and glorious is He, and he took from all the lawful beasts and lawful birds and slaughtered them as an offering to Allah, mighty and glorious is He. And Allah covenanted with him that He would not send the flood again upon the people of the earth, and He made the bow in the clouds—the rainbow—as a reminder of the covenant to him. This is the rainbow about which we previously mentioned from Ibn ʿAbbās that it is a safeguard against drowning. Some of them said: In it is an indication that it is a bow without a string, meaning that this cloud will not produce a flood like the first time. And Allah knows best.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.