Tarikh (al-Tabari) 707
The sending of the Prophet ﷺ
وَفَتَرَ الْوَحْيُ فَتْرَةً حَتَّى حَزِنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيمَا بَلَغَنَا حُزْنًا غَدَا مِنْهُ مِرَارًا كَيْ يَتَرَدَّى مِنْ رُءُوسِ [شَوَاهِقِ] الْجِبَالِ فَكُلَّمَا أَوْفَى بِذِرْوَةِ جَبَلٍ كَيْ يُلْقِيَ نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُ تَبَدَّى لَهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ حَقًّا. فَيَسْكُنُ لِذَلِكَ جَأْشُهُ وَتَقِرُّ نَفْسُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ، فَإِذَا طَالَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَتْرَةُ الْوَحْيِ غَدَا بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ، فَإِذَا أَوْفَى بِذِرْوَةٍ تَبَدَّى لَهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَوَّلِ بْنُ عِيسَى قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْمُظَفَّرِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الْفِرَبْرِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْبُخَارِيُّ قَالَهُ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ فَتْرَةِ الْوَحْيِ، فَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ: فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَمْشِي سَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي، فَإِذَا الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي جَاءَنِي بِحِرَاءٍ [جَالِسٌ] عَلَى كُرْسِيٍّ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ فَجُثِّيتُ مِنْهُ رُعْبًا، فَرَجَعْتُ فَقُلْتُ: زَمِّلُونِي [زَمِّلُونِي] فَدَثَّرُونِي فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ 74: 1. قَالَ مُؤَلِّفُ الْكِتَابِ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَى صِحَّتِهِ، وَالَّذِي قَبْلَهُ. وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ مَوْلَى الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَ عَنْ خَدِيجَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: فِيمَا يُثْبِتُهُ فِيمَا أَكْرَمَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ مِنْ نُبُوَّتِهِ - يَا بْنَ عَمِّ، أَتَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُخْبِرَنِي بِصَاحِبِكَ هَذَا الَّذِي يَأْتِيكَ إِذَا جَاءَكَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَتْ: فَإِذَا جَاءَكَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي بِهِ، فَجَاءَهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ: يَا خَدِيجَةُ، هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ. قَالَتْ: فَقُمْ فَاجْلِسْ عَلَى فَخِذِي الْيُسْرَى فَقَامَ فَجَلَسَ فَقَالَتْ: هَلْ تَرَاهُ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ قَالَتْ: فَتَحَوَّلْ إِلَى فَخِذِي الْيُمْنَى فَتَحَوَّلَ فَقَالَتْ: هَلْ تَرَاهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ. [قَالَتْ: فَتَحَوَّلْ فَاجْلِسْ فِي حِجْرِي. فَجَلَسَ فَقَالَتْ: هَلْ تَرَاهُ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، ] فَأَلْقَتْ خِمَارَهَا وَقَالَتْ: هَلْ تَرَاهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَتْ: يَا بْنَ عَمِّ اثْبُتْ وَأَبْشِرْ، فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمَلَكٌ وَمَا هُوَ بِشَيْطَانٍ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْبَاقِي الْبَزَّازُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُمَرَ بْنُ حَيَّوَيْهِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ بِالْحَجُونِ وَهُوَ مُكْتَئِبٌ حَزِينٌ، فَقَالَ: "اللَّهُمَّ أَرِنِي [الْيَوْمَ] آيَةً لَا أُبَالِي مَنْ كَذَّبَنِي بَعْدَهَا مِنْ قَوْمِي" فَإِذَا شَجَرَةٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ عَقَبَةِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَنَادَاهَا فَجَاءَتْ تَشُقُّ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ إِلَيْهِ، فَسَلَّمَتَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهَا فَرَجَعَتْ. فَقَالَ: "مَا أُبَالِي مَنْ كَذَّبَنِي بَعْدَهَا مِنْ قَوْمِي". أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ السَّمَّاكُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الطَّيِّبِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْعَلَّافُ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ النَّجَّادُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَبُو رَبِيعَةَ وَدَاوُدُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ قَالُوا: أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْحَجُونِ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ أَرِنِي آيَةً لَا أُبَالِي مَنْ كَذَّبَنِي بَعْدَهَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَقِيلَ لَهُ: ادْعُ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَدَعَاهَا فَأَقْبَلَتْ تَجُرُّ عُرُوقَهَا تُقَطِّعُهَا، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَتْ تَجُزُّ الْأَرْضَ [حَتَّى] وَقَفَتْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ: مَا تَشَاءُ؟ مَا تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ: "ارْجِعِي إِلَى مَكَانِكِ" فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَى مَكَانِهَا، فَقَالَ: "وَاللَّهِ مَا أُبَالِي مَنْ كَذَّبَنِي مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ". [ فَتْرَةُ الْوَحْيِ وَنُزُولُ سُورَةِ الضُّحَى ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ فَتَرَ الْوَحْيُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتْرَةً مِنْ ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى شَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَحْزَنَهُ، فَجَاءَهُ جِبْرِيلُ بِسُورَةِ الضُّحَى، يُقْسِمُ لَهُ رَبُّهُ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَكْرَمَهُ بِمَا أَكْرَمَهُ بِهِ، مَا وَدَّعَهُ وَمَا قَلَاهُ، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَالضُّحَى وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَى يَقُولُ: مَا صَرَمَكَ فَتَرَكَكَ، وَمَا أَبْغَضَكَ مُنْذُ أَحَبَّكَ. وَلَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولَى أَيْ لِمَا عِنْدِي مِنْ مَرْجِعِكَ إلَيَّ، خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِمَّا عَجَّلْتَ لَكَ مِنْ الْكَرَامَةِ فِي الدُّنْيَا. وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَى مِنْ الْفُلْجِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَالثَّوَابِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ. أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَآوَى وَوَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا فَهَدَى وَوَجَدَكَ عَائِلًا فَأَغْنَى يُعَرِّفُهُ اللَّهُ مَا ابْتَدَأَهُ بِهِ مِنْ كَرَامَتِهِ فِي عَاجِلِ أَمْرِهِ، وَمَنِّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي يُتْمِهِ وَعَيْلَتِهِ وَضَلَالَتِهِ، وَاسْتِنْقَاذِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ بِرَحْمَتِهِ.
Translation
✧ The revelation ceased for a period, until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ grieved—according to what has reached us—a grief that made him go out repeatedly intending to throw himself from the tops of [lofty] mountains. Whenever he reached the summit of a mountain to cast himself down from it, Jibrīl ﷺ appeared to him and said to him: "O Muḥammad, you are truly the Messenger of Allah." At that his heart would be stilled and his soul would find rest, and he would return. Whenever the period of cessation of revelation grew long for him, he would go out as before, and whenever he reached a summit, Jibrīl would appear to him and say the same. ʿAbd al-Awwal b. ʿĪsā informed us, saying: Abū al-Muẓaffar informed us, saying: Ibn Aʿyan informed us, saying: Al-Firabrī informed us, saying: Al-Bukhārī narrated to us, saying: Yaḥyā b. Bakr narrated to us, saying: Al-Layth informed us, from ʿUqayl, from Ibn Shihāb, who said: Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān informed me, from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, who said: I heard the Prophet ﷺ while he was speaking about the period of cessation of revelation, and he said in his narration: "While I was walking, I heard a voice from the sky. I raised my head, and there was the angel who had come to me at Ḥirāʾ, [seated] on a chair between the sky and the earth. I was struck with terror by him, so I returned and said: 'Wrap me up, wrap me up.' They covered me, and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed: 'O you wrapped in garments' (74:1)." The author of the book said: This is a ḥadīth agreed upon as authentic, along with the one before it. Ibn Isḥāq reported, from Ismāʿīl b. Abī Ḥakīm, the freedman of al-Zubayr, that he narrated from Khadījah that she said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ—regarding what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, had honored him with of his prophethood and to reassure him—"O cousin, can you tell me about this companion of yours who comes to you when he comes?" He said: "Yes." She said: "When he comes to you, tell me about him." Jibrīl came to him, and he said: "O Khadījah, this is Jibrīl." She said: "Then stand and sit on my left thigh." He stood and sat, and she said: "Do you see him?" He said: "Yes." She said: "Then move to my right thigh." He moved, and she said: "Do you see him?" He said: "Yes." [She said: "Then move and sit in my lap." He sat, and she said: "Do you see him?" He said: "Yes."] Then she cast off her veil and said: "Do you see him?" He said: "No." She said: "O cousin, be steadfast and rejoice, for by Allah, he is an angel and not a devil." Abū Bakr b. ʿAbd al-Bāqī al-Bazzāz informed us, saying: Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī al-Jawharī informed us, saying: Abū ʿUmar b. Ḥayyawayh informed us, saying: Aḥmad b. Maʿrūf informed us, saying: Al-Ḥārith b. Abī Usāmah informed us, saying: Muḥammad b. Saʿd narrated to us, saying: ʿAffān b. Muslim informed us, saying: Ḥammād b. Salamah informed us, saying: ʿAlī b. Zayd narrated to us: That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was at al-Ḥajūn while he was dejected and sad, and he said: "O Allah, show me [today] a sign after which I will not care who among my people denies me." Then a tree from the direction of the ʿAqabah of al-Madīnah called to him, and it came cleaving the earth until it reached him and greeted him with peace. Then he commanded it and it returned. He said: "I do not care who denies me after this among my people." ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Sammāk informed us, saying: Abū al-Faḍl Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. al-Ṭayyib informed us, saying: ʿUthmān b. Yūsuf al-ʿAllāf informed us: Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. Salmān al-Najjād informed us, saying: ʿAbd al-Malik b. Muḥammad informed us, saying: ʿUbayd Allāh b. Muḥammad, Abū Rabīʿah, and Dāwūd b. Shabīb narrated to me, saying: Ḥammād b. Zayd informed us, from ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Rāfiʿ, from ʿUmar ؓ who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was at al-Ḥajūn and said: "O Allah, show me a sign after which I will not care who denies me among Quraysh." It was said to him: "Call this tree." He called it, and it came dragging its roots, cutting them, then it came cutting through the earth [until] it stood before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then it said: "What do you wish? What do you want?" He said: "Return to your place." So it returned to its place. He said: "By Allah, I do not care who denies me among Quraysh." [The period of cessation of revelation and the revelation of Sūrat al-Ḍuḥā] Ibn Isḥāq said: Then revelation ceased from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for a period after that, until it distressed him and grieved him. Jibrīl came to him with Sūrat al-Ḍuḥā, in which his Lord swore to him—He who had honored him with what He honored him with—that He had not forsaken him nor hated him. The Exalted said: "By the morning brightness and the night when it covers with darkness, your Lord has not forsaken you, nor does He hate you" (93:1–3). He says: He has not cut you off and abandoned you, and He has not hated you since He loved you. "And the Hereafter is better for you than the first" (93:4), meaning: what I have in store for your return to Me is better for you than the honor I hastened for you in this world. "And your Lord will give you, and you will be satisfied" (93:5), from the victory in this world and the reward in the Hereafter. "Did He not find you an orphan and give refuge? And He found you lost and guided you? And He found you poor and made you self-sufficient?" (93:6–8). Allah is making known to him the honor He initiated for him in the immediate course of his affair, and His favor upon him in his orphanhood, poverty, and wandering, and His rescue from all of that by His mercy.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.