Tarikh (al-Tabari) 550
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
ذِكْرُ يَوْمِ الْبَرَدَانِ فَكَانَ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ أَنَّ زِيَادَ بْنَ الْهَبُولَةِ مَلَكَ الشَّامَ،، وَكَانَ مِنْ سَلِيحِ بْنِ حُلْوَانَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ الْحَافِ بْنِ قُضَاعَةَ. فَأَغَارَ عَلَى حُجْرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْكِنْدِيِّ، مَلِكِ عَرَبٍ بِنَجْدٍ وَنَوَاحِي الْعِرَاقِ وَهُوَ يُلَقَّبُ آكِلَ الْمُرَارِ، وَكَانَ حُجْرٌ قَدْ أَغَارَ فِي كِنْدَةَ وَرَبِيعَةَ عَلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ، فَبَلَغَ زِيَادًا خَبَرُهُمْ فَسَارَ إِلَى أَهْلِ حُجْرٍ وَرَبِيعَةَ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ، وَهُمْ خُلُوفٌ وَرِجَالُهُمْ فِي غَزَاتِهِمُ الْمَذْكُورَةِ، فَأَخَذَ الْحَرِيمَ وَالْأَمْوَالَ، وَسَبَى فِيهِمْ هِنْدًا بِنْتَ ظَالِمِ بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ. وَسَمِعَ حُجْرٌ وَكِنْدَةُ وَرَبِيعَةُ بِغَارَةِ زِيَادٍ، فَعَادُوا عَنْ غَزْوِهِمْ فِي طَلَبِ ابْنِ الْهَبُولَةِ، وَمَعَ حُجْرٍ أَشْرَافُ رَبِيعَةَ عَوْفُ بْنُ مُحَلَّمِ بْنِ ذُهْلِ بْنِ شَيْبَانَ. وَعَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ ذُهْلِ بْنِ شَيْبَانَ وَغَيْرُهُمَا، فَأَدْرَكُوا عَمْرًا بِالْبَرَدَانِ دُونَ عَيْنِ أُبَاغٍ وَقَدْ أَمِنَ الطَّلَبَ، فَنَزَلَ حُجْرٌ فِي سَفْحِ جَبَلٍ، وَنَزَلَتْ بَكْرٌ وَتَغْلِبُ وَكِنْدَةُ مَعَ حُجْرٍ دُونَ الْجَبَلِ بِالصَّحْصَحَانِ عَلَى مَاءٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ حَفِيرٌ. فَتَعَجَّلَ عَوْفُ بْنُ مُحَلَّمٍ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ ذُهْلِ بْنِ شَيْبَانَ وَقَالَا لِحُجْرٍ: إِنَّا مُتَعَجِّلَانِ إِلَى زِيَادٍ لَعَلَّنَا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ بَعْضَ مَا أَصَابَ مِنَّا. فَسَارَا إِلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَوْفٍ إِخَاءٌ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا خَيْرَ الْفِتْيَانِ ارْدُدْ عَلَيَّ امْرَأَتِي أُمَامَةُ. فَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ بِنْتًا أَرَادَ عَوْفٌ أَنْ يَئِدَهَا فَاسْتَوْهَبَهَا مِنْهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَقَالَ: لَعَلَّهَا تَلِدُ أُنَاسًا، فَسُمِّيَتْ أُمَّ أُنَاسٍ، فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُجْرٍ آكِلُ الْمُرَارِ، فَوَلَدَتْ عَمْرًا، وَيُعْرَفُ بِابْنِ أُمِّ أُنَاسٍ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ لِزِيَادٍ: يَا خَيْرَ الْفِتْيَانِ ارْدُدْ عَلَيَّ مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْ إِبِلِي. فَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ وَفِيهَا فَحْلُهَا، فَنَازَعَهُ الْفَحْلُ إِلَى الْإِبِلِ، فَصَرَعَهُ عَمْرٌو فَقَالَ لَهُ زِيَادٌ: يَا عَمْرُو لَوْ صَرَعْتُمْ يَا بَنِي شَيْبَانَ الرِّجَالَ كَمَا تَصْرَعُونَ الْإِبِلَ لَكُنْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ ! فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرٌو: لَقَدْ أُعْطِيتَ قَلِيلًا، وَسَمَّيْتَ جَلِيلًا، وَجَرَرْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَيْلًا طَوِيلًا ! وَلَتَجِدَنَّ مِنْهُ، وَلَا وَاللَّهِ لَا تَبْرَحُ حَتَّى أَرْوِيَ سِنَانِي مِنْ دَمِكَ ! ثُمَّ رَكَضَ فَرَسُهُ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى حُجْرٍ، فَلَمْ يُوَضِّحْ لَهُ الْخَبَرَ، فَأَرْسَلَ سَدُوسَ بْنَ شَيْبَانَ بْنِ ذُهْلٍ وَصُلَيْعَ بْنَ عَبْدِ غَنْمٍ يَتَجَسَّسَانِ لَهُ الْخَبَرَ وَيَعْلَمَانِ عِلْمَ الْعَسْكَرِ، فَخَرَجَا حَتَّى هَجَمَا عَلَى عَسْكَرِهِ لَيْلًا وَقَدْ قَسَّمَ الْغَنِيمَةَ وَجِيءَ بِالشَّمْعِ فَأَطْعَمَ النَّاسَ تَمْرًا وَسَمْنًا، فَلَمَّا أَكَلَ النَّاسُ نَادَى: مَنْ جَاءَ بِحُزْمَةِ حَطَبٍ فَلَهُ قِدْرَةُ تَمْرٍ. فَجَاءَ سَدُوسٌ وَصُلَيْعٌ بِحَطَبٍ وَأَخَذَا قِدْرَتَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَجَلَسَا قَرِيبًا مِنْ قُبَّتِهِ. ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ صُلَيْعٌ إِلَى حُجْرٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِعَسْكَرِ زِيَادٍ وَأَرَاهُ التَّمْرَ. وَأَمَّا سَدُوسٌ فَقَالَ: لَا أَبْرَحُ حَتَّى آتِيَهُ بِأَمْرٍ جَلِيٍّ. وَجَلَسَ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ يَتَسَمَّعُ مَا يَقُولُونَ، وَهِنْدٌ امْرَأَةُ حُجْرٍ خَلْفَ زِيَادٍ، فَقَالَتْ لِزِيَادٍ: إِنَّ هَذَا التَّمْرَ أُهْدِيَ إِلَى حُجْرٍ مِنْ هَجَرَ، وَالسَّمْنَ مِنْ دَوْمَةِ الْجَنْدَلِ. ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقَ أَصْحَابُ زِيَادٍ عَنْهُ، فَضَرَبَ سَدُوسٌ يَدَهُ إِلَى جَلِيسٍ لَهُ وَقَالَ لَهُ: مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِرَهُ الرَّجُلُ. فَقَالَ: أَنَا فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ. وَدَنَا سَدُوسٌ مِنْ قُبَّةِ زِيَادٍ بِحَيْثُ يَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ، وَدَنَا زِيَادٌ مِنَ امْرَأَةِ حُجْرٍ فَقَبَّلَهَا وَدَاعَبَهَا وَقَالَ لَهَا: مَا ظَنُّكِ الْآنَ بِحُجْرٍ ؟ فَقَالَتْ: مَا هُوَ ظَنٌّ وَلَكِنَّهُ يَقِينٌ، إِنَّهُ وَاللَّهِ لَنْ يَدَعَ طَلَبَكَ حَتَّى تُعَايِنَ الْقُصُورَ الْحُمْرَ، يَعْنِي قُصُورَ الشَّامِ، وَكَأَنِّي بِهِ فِي فَوَارِسَ مِنْ بَنِي شَيْبَانَ يُذَمِّرُهُمْ وَيُذَمِّرُونَهُ، وَهُوَ شَدِيدُ الْكَلَبِ تُزْبِدُ شَفَتَاهُ كَأَنَّهُ بَعِيرٌ أَكَلَ مُرَارًا، فَالنَّجَاءَ النَّجَاءَ ! فَإِنَّ وَرَاءَكَ طَالِبًا حَثِيثًا، وَجَمْعًا كَثِيفًا، وَكَيْدًا مَتِينًا، وَرَأْيًا صَلِيبًا فَرَفَعَ يَدَهُ فَلَطَمَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا: مَا قُلْتِ هَذَا إِلَّا مِنْ عُجْبِكِ بِهِ وَحُبِّكِ لَهُ ! فَقَالَتْ: وَاللَّهِ مَا أَبْغَضْتُ أَحَدًا بُغْضِي لَهُ وَلَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا أَحْزَمَ مِنْهُ نَائِمًا وَمُسْتَيْقِظًا، إِنْ كَانَ لَتَنَامُ عَيْنَاهُ فَبَعْضُ أَعْضَائِهِ مُسْتَيْقِظٌ ! وَكَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ النَّوْمَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَجْعَلَ عِنْدَهُ عُسًّا مِنْ لَبَنٍ، فَبَيْنَا هُوَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةِ نَائِمٌ وَأَنَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْهُ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ، إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَسْوَدُ سَالِخٍ إِلَى رَأْسِهِ فَنَحَّى رَأْسَهُ، فَمَالَ إِلَى يَدِهِ فَقَبَضَهَا، فَمَالَ إِلَى رِجْلِهِ فَقَبَضَهَا، فَمَالَ إِلَى الْعُسِّ فَشَرِبَهُ ثُمَّ مَجَّهُ. فَقُلْتُ: يَسْتَيْقِظُ فَيَشْرَبُهُ فَيَمُوتُ فَأَسْتَرِيحُ مِنْهُ فَانْتَبَهَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ: عَلَيَّ بِالْإِنَاءِ، فَنَاوَلْتُهُ فَشَمَّهُ ثُمَّ أَلْقَاهُ فَهُرِيقَ. فَقَالَ: أَيْنَ ذَهَبَ الْأَسْوَدُ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: مَا رَأَيْتُهُ. فَقَالَ: كَذَبْتِ وَاللَّهِ ! وَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ يَسْمَعُهُ سَدُوسٌ، فَسَارَ حَتَّى أَتَى حُجْرًا، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: أَتَاكَ الْمُرْجِفُونَ بِأَمْرِ غَيْبٍ عَلَى دَهْشٍ وَجِئْتُكَ بِالْيَقِينِ فَمَنْ يَكُ قَدْ أَتَاكَ بِأَمْرِ لَبْسٍ فَقَدْ آتِي بِأَمْرٍ مُسْتَبِينِ ثُمَّ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا سَمِعَ، فَجَعَلَ حُجْرٌ يَعْبَثُ بِالْمُرَارِ وَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ غَضَبًا وَأَسَفًا، وَلَا يَشْعُرُ أَنَّهُ يَأْكُلُهُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْغَضَبِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ سَدُوسٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ وَجَدَ حُجْرٌ الْمُرَارَ فَسُمِّيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ آكِلَ الْمُرَارِ، وَالْمُرَارُ نَبْتٌ شَدِيدُ الْمَرَارَةِ لَا تَأْكُلُهُ دَابَّةٌ إِلَّا قَتَلَهَا. ثُمَّ أَمَرَ حُجْرٌ فَنُودِيَ فِي النَّاسِ، وَرَكِبَ وَسَارَ إِلَى زِيَادٍ فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، فَانْهَزَمَ زِيَادٌ وَأَهْلُ الشَّامِ وَقُتِلُوا قَتْلًا ذَرِيعًا، وَاسْتَنْقَذَتْ بَكْرٌ وَكِنْدَةُ مَا كَانَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ وَالسَّبْيِ، وَعَرَفَ سَدُوسٌ زِيَادًا فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَاعْتَنَقَهُ وَصَرَعَهُ وَأَخَذَهُ أَسِيرًا، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ حَسَدَهُ فَطَعَنَ زِيَادًا فَقَتَلَهُ. فَغَضِبَ سَدُوسٌ وَقَالَ: قَتَلْتَ أَسِيرِي وَدِيَتُهُ دِيَةُ مَلِكٍ، فَتَحَاكَمَا إِلَى حُجْرٍ، فَحَكَمَ عَلَى عَمْرٍو وَقَوْمِهِ لِسَدُوسٍ بِدِيَةِ مَلِكٍ وَأَعَانَهُمْ مِنْ مَالِهِ. وَأَخَذَ حُجْرٌ زَوْجَتَهُ هِنْدًا فَرَبَطَهَا فِي فَرَسَيْنِ ثُمَّ رَكَضَهَا حَتَّى قَطَّعَاهَا، وَيُقَالُ: بَلْ أَحْرَقَهَا، وَقَالَ فِيهَا: إِنَّ مَنْ غَرَّهُ النِّسَاءُ بِشَيْءٍ بَعْدَ هِنْدٍ لَجَاهِلٌ مَغْرُورُ حُلْوَةُ الْعَيْنِ وَالْحَدِيثِ وَمُرُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ أَجَنَّ مِنْهَا الضَّمِيرُ كُلُّ أُنْثَى وَإِنْ بَدَا لَكَ مِنْهَا آيَةُ الْحُبِّ حُبُّهَا خَيْتَعُورُ ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى الْحِيرَةِ. قُلْتُ: هَكَذَا قَالَ بَعْضُ الْعُلَمَاءِ إِنَّ زِيَادَ بْنَ هَبُولَةَ السَّلِيحِيَّ مَلِكَ الشَّامِ غَزَا حُجْرًا، وَهَذَا غَيْرُ صَحِيحٍ لِأَنَّ مُلُوكَ سَلِيحٍ كَانُوا بِأَطْرَافِ الشَّامِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْبَرَّ مِنْ فَلَسْطِينَ إِلَى قَنْسَرِينَ وَالْبِلَادُ لِلرُّومِ، وَمِنْهُمْ أَخَذَتْ غَسَّانُ هَذِهِ الْبِلَادَ، وَكُلُّهُمْ كَانُوا عُمَّالًا لِمُلُوكِ الرُّومِ كَمَا كَانَ مُلُوكُ الْحِيرَةِ عُمَّالًا لِمُلُوكِ الْفُرْسِ عَلَى الْبَرِّ وَالْعَرَبِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ سَلِيحُ وَلَا غَسَّانُ مُسْتَقِلِّينَ بِمُلْكِ الشَّامِ وَلَا بِشِبْرٍ وَاحِدٍ عَلَى سَبِيلِ التَّفَرُّدِ وَالِاسْتِقْلَالِ. وَقَوْلُهُمْ: مَلِكُ الشَّامِ، غَيْرُ صَحِيحٍ، وَزِيَادُ بْنُ هَبُولَةَ السَّلِيحِيُّ مَلِكُ مَشَارِفِ الشَّامِ أَقْدَمُ مِنْ حُجْرٍ الَّذِي مَلَكَ الْحِيرَةَ وَالْعَرَبَ بِالْعِرَاقِ أَيَّامَ قُبَاذَ أَبِي أَنُوشِرْوَانَ. وَبَيْنَ مُلْكِ قُبَاذَ وَالْهِجْرَةِ نَحْوَ مِائَةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً، وَقَدْ مَلَكَتْ غَسَّانُ أَطْرَافَ الشَّامِ بَعْدَ سَلِيحٍ سِتَّمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ، وَقِيلَ: خَمْسَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ، وَأَقَلُّ مَا سَمِعْتُ فِيهِ ثَلَاثَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَسِتَّ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَكَانُوا بَعْدَ سَلِيحٍ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ زِيَادٌ آخِرَ مُلُوكِ سَلِيحٍ، فَتَزِيدُ الْمُدَّةُ زِيَادَةً أُخْرَى، وَهَذَا تَفَاوُتٌ كَثِيرٌ فَكَيْفَ يَسْتَقِيمُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ابْنُ هَبُولَةَ الْمَلِكَ أَيَّامَ حُجْرٍ حَتَّى يُغِيرَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ ! وَحَيْثُ أَطْبَقَتْ رُوَاةُ الْعَرَبِ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْغَزَاةِ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ تَوْجِيهِهَا، وَأَصْلَحُ مَا قِيلَ فِيهِ: إِنَّ زِيَادَ بْنَ هَبُولَةَ الْمُعَاصِرَ لِحُجْرٍ كَانَ رَئِيسًا عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَوْ مُتَغَلِّبًا عَلَى بَعْضِ أَطْرَافِ الشَّامِ حَتَّى يَسْتَقِيمَ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَوْلُهُمْ أَيْضًا: إِنَّ حُجْرًا عَادَ إِلَى الْحِيرَةِ، لَا يَسْتَقِيمُ أَيْضًا لِأَنَّ مُلُوكَ الْحِيرَةِ مِنْ وَلَدِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ نَصْرٍ اللَّخْمِيِّ لَمْ يَنْقَطِعْ مُلْكُهُمْ لَهَا إِلَّا أَيَّامَ قُبَاذَ، فَإِنَّهُ اسْتَعْمَلَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُجْرٍ آكِلَ الْمُرَارِ كَمَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ قَبْلُ. فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ أَنُوشِرْوَانُ عَزَلَ الْحَارِثَ وَأَعَادَ اللَّخْمِيِّينَ، وَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَعْضُ الْكِنْدِيِّينَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ هَذَا تَعَصُّبًا، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. إِنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ ذَكَرَ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَنَّ ابْنَ هَبُولَةَ مِنْ سَلِيحٍ بَلْ قَالَ: هُوَ غَالِبُ بْنُ هَبُولَةَ مَلِكٌ مِنْ مُلُوكِ غَسَّانَ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ عَوْدَهُ إِلَى الْحِيرَةِ، فَزَالَ هَذَا الْوَهْمُ. وَسَلِيحٌ بِفَتْحِ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ، وَكَسْرِ اللَّامِ، وَآخِرُهُ حَاءٌ مُهْمَلَةٌ.
Translation
✧ Account of the Day of al-Baradān It is related that Ziyād b. al-Habūlah ruled over al-Shām, and he was of Salīḥ b. Ḥulwān b. ʿImrān b. al-Ḥāf b. Quḍāʿah. He raided Ḥujr b. ʿAmr b. Muʿāwiyah b. al-Ḥārith al-Kindī, king of the Arabs in Najd and the regions of Iraq, who was nicknamed Ākil al-Murār (the Eater of Bitter Herbs). Ḥujr had raided with Kindah and Rabīʿah against al-Baḥrayn, and Ziyād learned of their news, so he marched against the people of Ḥujr and Rabīʿah and their properties while they were left behind and their men were on the mentioned expedition. He seized the women and wealth, and among them he took as captive Hind bt. Ẓālim b. Wahb b. al-Ḥārith b. Muʿāwiyah. Ḥujr, Kindah, and Rabīʿah heard of Ziyād's raid, so they returned from their expedition in pursuit of Ibn al-Habūlah. With Ḥujr were the nobles of Rabīʿah: ʿAwf b. Muḥallim b. Dhuhl b. Shaybān, ʿAmr b. Abī Rabīʿah b. Dhuhl b. Shaybān, and others. They overtook ʿAmr at al-Baradān, short of ʿAyn Ubāgh, and he had felt safe from pursuit. Ḥujr encamped on the slope of a mountain, and Bakr, Taghlib, and Kindah encamped with Ḥujr below the mountain at al-Ṣaḥṣaḥān by a watering place called Ḥafīr. ʿAwf b. Muḥallim and ʿAmr b. Abī Rabīʿah b. Dhuhl b. Shaybān hastened ahead and said to Ḥujr: "We are going ahead to Ziyād, perhaps we may recover from him some of what he took from us." So the two set out toward him. There was a bond of brotherhood between him and ʿAwf, and he entered upon him and said to him: "O best of young men, return to me my wife Umāmah." So he returned her to him while she was pregnant, and she gave birth to a daughter whom ʿAwf wanted to bury alive. ʿAmr b. Abī Rabīʿah asked for her as a gift and said: "Perhaps she will give birth to people." So she was named Umm Unās. Al-Ḥārith b. ʿAmr b. Ḥujr Ākil al-Murār married her, and she bore him ʿAmr, known as Ibn Umm Unās. Then ʿAmr b. Abī Rabīʿah said to Ziyād: "O best of young men, return to me what you took of my camels." So he returned them, including their stallion. The stallion pulled away toward the camels, and ʿAmr wrestled it down. Ziyād said to him: "O ʿAmr, if you Banū Shaybān could throw down men as you throw down camels, you would indeed be you, you!" ʿAmr said to him: "You have been given little, yet you have named something great, and you have drawn upon yourself a long woe! You will surely find of it, and no, by God, you will not depart until I have quenched my spear-point with your blood!" Then he spurred his horse until he came to Ḥujr, but he did not clarify the news to him. So he sent Sadūs b. Shaybān b. Dhuhl and Ṣulayʿ b. ʿAbd Ghanm to spy out the news for him and learn about the army. The two went out until they came upon his camp at night. He had divided the spoils, and candles were brought, and he fed the people dates and clarified butter. When the people had eaten, he called out: "Whoever brings a bundle of firewood shall have a pot of dates." Sadūs and Ṣulayʿ brought firewood and took two pots of dates and sat near his tent. Then Ṣulayʿ went back to Ḥujr and informed him of Ziyād's army and showed him the dates. As for Sadūs, he said: "I will not leave until I bring him a clear matter." He sat with the people listening to what they said. Hind, the wife of Ḥujr, was behind Ziyād, and she said to Ziyād: "These dates were sent to Ḥujr from Hajar, and the clarified butter from Dūmat al-Jandal." Then Ziyād's companions dispersed from him, and Sadūs reached out his hand to a companion sitting beside him and said: "Who are you?" for fear the man might find him suspicious. The man said: "I am so-and-so son of so-and-so." Sadūs drew near to Ziyād's tent so that he could hear his words, and Ziyād drew near to Ḥujr's wife, kissed her, jested with her, and said: "What do you think now of Ḥujr?" She said: "It is not a thought but a certainty: by God, he will not cease pursuing you until you see the red palaces," meaning the palaces of al-Shām, "and it is as if I see him among horsemen of Banū Shaybān, urging them on and they urging him on, with intense rage, his lips foaming as if he were a camel that had eaten bitter herbs. So flee, flee! For behind you is a swift pursuer, a dense host, firm cunning, and resolute judgment." He raised his hand and slapped her, then said: "You have said this only out of your admiration for him and love for him!" She said: "By God, I have never hated anyone as I hate him, nor have I seen a man more resolute than he, asleep or awake. When his eyes slept, some of his limbs remained awake. When he wanted to sleep, he ordered me to place beside him a bowl of milk. One night while he slept and I was near watching him, a great black snake came toward his head and moved his head aside, then turned to his hand and he grasped it, then turned to his foot and he grasped it, then turned to the bowl and drank from it and then spat it out. I said to myself: he will wake and drink it and die, and I shall be rid of him. Then he woke from his sleep and said: 'Bring me the vessel.' I handed it to him, and he smelled it, then threw it away and it spilled. He said: 'Where did the black one go?' I said: 'I did not see it.' He said: 'You lie, by God!'" All of that Sadūs heard. Then he departed until he came to Ḥujr, and when he entered upon him, he said: "The alarmists have brought you a matter of the unseen in confusion, but I have come to you with certainty. Whoever may have brought you a muddled affair, I have come with a clear matter." Then he related to him what he had heard. Ḥujr began to toy with the bitter herb and eat of it in anger and grief, unaware that he was eating it due to the intensity of his anger. When Sadūs finished his account, Ḥujr found the bitter herb, and he was named that day Ākil al-Murār. Al-murār is a plant of intense bitterness which no beast eats without it killing it. Then Ḥujr gave orders and a call was made among the people, and he mounted and marched against Ziyād. They fought a fierce battle, and Ziyād and the people of al-Shām were routed and slain in great numbers. Bakr and Kindah recovered what had been in their hands of spoils and captives. Sadūs recognized Ziyād and charged at him, seized him, threw him down, and took him prisoner. When ʿAmr b. Abī Rabīʿah saw him, he envied him and stabbed Ziyād, killing him. Sadūs became angry and said: "You have killed my captive, and his blood-money is the blood-money of a king." They brought their dispute to Ḥujr, and he ruled against ʿAmr and his people, awarding Sadūs a king's blood-money, and assisted them from his own wealth. Ḥujr took his wife Hind, tied her between two horses, and then spurred them until they tore her apart. It is also said: rather, he burned her. And he said of her: "Whoever is deceived by women in anything after Hind is a deceived ignoramus. Sweet of eye and speech, and bitter is all that her innermost conceals. Every woman, even if there appears to you from her a sign of love, her love is treacherous." Then he returned to al-Ḥīrah. I say: this is what some scholars have said, that Ziyād b. Habūlah al-Salīḥī, king of al-Shām, raided Ḥujr. This is not correct, because the kings of Salīḥ were on the borders of al-Shām, on the landward side from Palestine to Qinnasrīn, while the land belonged to the Byzantines. From them Ghassān took these lands, and all of them were agents for the Byzantine kings, just as the kings of al-Ḥīrah were agents for the Persian kings over the land and the Arabs. Neither Salīḥ nor Ghassān were independent in ruling al-Shām, not even a single span, by way of sole and independent rule. Their saying "king of al-Shām" is not correct. Ziyād b. Habūlah al-Salīḥī, king of the highlands of al-Shām, is older than Ḥujr, who ruled al-Ḥīrah and the Arabs in Iraq during the days of Qubādh, the father of Anūshirwān. Between the reign of Qubādh and the Hijrah is about one hundred and thirty years. Ghassān ruled the borders of al-Shām after Salīḥ for six hundred years; it is also said five hundred years; and the least I have heard is three hundred and sixteen years. They were after Salīḥ, and Ziyād was not the last of the kings of Salīḥ, so the period increases by yet another length, and this is a great discrepancy. How then can it be sound that Ibn Habūlah was king during the days of Ḥujr so as to raid him? Since the transmitters of the Arabs unanimously report this raid, it must be given an interpretation. The most sound thing said about it is that Ziyād b. Habūlah, the contemporary of Ḥujr, was a chief over a people or a usurper over some of the borders of al-Shām, so that this statement may be sound. And God knows best. Their saying also that Ḥujr returned to al-Ḥīrah is likewise not sound, because the kings of al-Ḥīrah from the descendants of ʿAdī b. Naṣr al-Lakhmī did not cease their rule over it except during the days of Qubādh, for he appointed al-Ḥārith b. ʿAmr b. Ḥujr Ākil al-Murār, as we mentioned before. When Anūshirwān came to power, he dismissed al-Ḥārith and restored the Lakhmids. It seems likely that some of the Kindīs mentioned this out of partisanship, and God knows best. Abū ʿUbaydah mentioned this day but did not mention that Ibn Habūlah was of Salīḥ; rather he said: he is Ghālib b. Habūlah, a king of the kings of Ghassān, and he did not mention his return to al-Ḥīrah. Thus this confusion is removed. Salīḥ is with a fatḥah on the unpointed sīn, a kasrah on the lām, and its last letter is an unpointed ḥāʾ.
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