Tarikh (al-Tabari) 491
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
قِصَّةُ ربيعة بن نصر رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ أَبِي حَارِثَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ ذِكْرُهُ اللَّخْمِيُّ كَذَا ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَقَالَ السُّهَيْلِيُّ: وَنُسَابُّ الْيَمَنِ تَقُولُ: نَصْرُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ وَهُوَ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ نَصْرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نُمَارَةَ بْنِ لَخْمٍ، وَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ: رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ شَعْوَذِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَجْمِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُمَارَةَ بْنِ لَخْمٍ، وَلَخْمٌ أَخُو جُذَامٍ، وَسُمِّي لَخْمًا ; لِأَنَّهُ لَخَمَ أَخَاهُ أَيْ: لَطَمَهُ فَعَضَّهُ الْآخَرُ فِي يَدِهِ فَجَذَمَهَا فَسُمِّيَ جُذَامًا وَكَانَ رَبِيعَةُ أَحَدَ مُلُوكِ حِمْيَرَ التَّبَابِعَةِ، وَخَبَرُهُ مَعَ شِقٍّ وَسَطِيحٍ الْكَاهِنَيْنِ، وَإِنْذَارُهُمَا بِوُجُودِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَّا سَطِيحٌ فَاسْمُهُ رَبِيعُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ مَازِنِ بْنِ ذِئْبِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ مَازِنِ بْنِ غَسَّانَ، وَأَمَّا شِقٌّ فَهُوَ ابْنُ صَعْبِ بْنِ يَشْكُرَ بْنِ رُهْمِ بْنِ أَفْرَكَ بْنِ قَسْرِ بْنِ عَبْقَرَ بْنِ أَنْمَارِ بْنِ نِزَارٍ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ أَنْمَارُ بْنُ أَرَاشِ بْنِ لَحْيَانَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْغَوْثِ بْنِ نَبْتِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ كَهْلَانَ بْنِ سَبَأٍ، وَيُقَالَ: إِنَّ سَطِيحًا كَانَ لَا أَعْضَاءَ لَهُ، وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ مِثْلَ السَّطِيحَةِ، وَوَجْهُهُ فِي صَدْرِهِ وَكَانَ إِذَا غَضِبَ انْتَفَخَ وَجَلَسَ وَكَانَ شِقٌّ نِصْفُ إِنْسَانٍ، وَيُقَالَ: إِنَّ خَالِدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَسْرِيِّ كَانَ سُلَالَتَهُ، وَذَكَرَ السُّهَيْلِيُّ أَنَّهُمَا وُلِدَا فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ مَاتَتْ طَرِيفَةُ بِنْتُ الْخَيْرِ الْحِمْيَرِيَّةُ، وَيُقَالَ: إِنَّهَا تَفَلَتْ فِي فَمِ كُلٍّ مِنْهُمَا فَوَرِثَ الْكِهَانَةَ عَنْهَا، وَهِيَ امْرَأَةُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ ذِكْرُهُ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. رؤي ربيعة بن نصر قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ مَلِكَ الْيَمَنِ بَيْنَ أَضْعَافِ مُلُوكِ التَّبَابِعَةِ فَرَأَى رُؤْيَا هَالَتْهُ وَفَظِعَ بِهَا فَلَمْ يَدَعْ كَاهِنًا وَلَا سَاحِرًا وَلَا عَائِفًا وَلَا مُنَجِّمًا مِنْ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ إِلَّا جَمَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رُؤْيَا هَالَتْنِي، وَفَظِعْتُ بِهَا فَأَخْبَرُونِي بِهَا، وَبِتَأْوِيلِهَا فَقَالُوا: اقْصُصْهَا عَلَيْنَا نُخْبِرْكَ بِتَأْوِيلِهَا فَقَالَ: إِنِّي إِنْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ بِهَا لَمْ أَطْمَئِنَّ إِلَى خَبَرِكُمْ بِتَأْوِيلِهَا; لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَعْرِفُ تَأْوِيلَهَا إِلَّا مَنْ عَرَفَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أُخْبِرَهُ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ: فَإِنَّ كَانَ الْمَلِكُ يُرِيدُ هَذَا فَلْيَبْعَثْ إِلَى شِقٍّ وَسَطِيحٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ أَعْلَمَ مِنْهُمَا فَهُمَا يُخْبِرَانِهِ بِمَا سَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمَا فَقَدِمَ إِلَيْهِ سَطِيحٌ قَبْلَ شِقٍّ فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رُؤْيَا هَالَتْنِي وَفَظِعْتُ بِهَا فَأَخْبِرْنِي بِهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أَصَبْتَهَا أَصَبْتَ تَأْوِيلَهَا فَقَالَ: أَفْعَلُ. رَأَيْتَ حُمَمَةً خَرَجَتْ مِنْ ظُلْمَةٍ فَوَقَعَتْ بِأَرْضٍ تَهَمَةٍ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْهَا كُلَّ ذَاتِ جُمْجُمَةٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: مَا أَخْطَأْتَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا يَا سَطِيحُ فَمَا عِنْدَكَ فِي تَأْوِيلِهَا ؟ قَالَ: أَحْلِفُ بِمَا بَيْنَ الْحَرَّتَيْنِ مِنْ حَنَشٍ لَتَهْبِطَنَّ أَرْضَكُمُ الْحَبَشُ فَلْيَمْلِكُنَّ مَا بَيْنَ أَبْيَنَ إِلَى جُرَشَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: وَأَبِيكَ يَا سَطِيحُ إِنَّ هَذَا لَنَا لَغَائِظٌ مُوجِعٌ فَمَتَى هُوَ كَائِنٌ ؟ أَفِي زَمَانِي أَمْ بَعْدَهُ ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا بَلْ بَعْدَهُ بِحِينٍ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سِتِّينَ أَوْ سَبْعَيْنَ يَمْضِينَ مِنَ السِّنِينَ قَالَ: أَفَيَدُومُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ سُلْطَانِهِمْ أَمْ يَنْقَطِعُ ؟ قَالَ: بَلْ يَنْقَطِعُ لِبِضْعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ مِنَ السِّنِينَ، ثُمَّ يُقْتَلُونَ وَيَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهَا هَارِبِينَ قَالَ: وَمَنْ يَلِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمْ وَإِخْرَاجِهِمْ. قَالَ: يَلِيَهُمْ إِرَمُ ذِي يَزَنَ يَخْرُجُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ عَدَنٍ فَلَا يَتْرُكُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا بِالْيَمَنِ قَالَ: أَفَيَدُومُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ سُلْطَانِهِ أَمْ يَنْقَطِعُ ؟ قَالَ: بَلْ يَنْقَطِعُ قَالَ: وَمَنْ يَقْطَعُهُ قَالَ: نَبِيٌّ زَكِيٌّ يَأْتِيهِ الْوَحْيُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْعَلِيِّ قَالَ: وَمِمَّنْ هَذَا النَّبِيُّ ؟ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ يَكُونُ الْمُلْكُ فِي قَوْمِهِ إِلَى آخِرِ الدَّهْرِ قَالَ: وَهَلْ لِلدَّهْرِ مِنْ آخِرٍ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَوْمَ يُجْمَعُ فِيهِ الْأَوَّلُونَ وَالْآخَرُونَ، يَسْعَدُ فِيهِ الْمُحْسِنُونَ، وَيَشْقَى فِيهِ الْمُسِيئُونَ. قَالَ: أَحَقٌّ مَا تُخْبِرُنِي ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَالشَّفَقِ وَالْغَسَقِ وَالْفَلَقِ إِذَا اتَّسَقَ إِنَّ مَا أَنْبَأْتُكَ بِهِ لَحَقٌّ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ شِقٌّ فَقَالَ لَهُ كَقَوْلِهِ لِسَطِيحٍ، وَكَتَمَهُ مَا قَالَ سَطِيحٌ ; لِيَنْظُرَ أَيَتَّفِقَانِ أَمْ يَخْتَلِفَانِ، قَالَ: نَعَمْ رَأَيْتَ حُمَمَةً خَرَجَتْ مِنْ ظُلْمَةٍ فَوَقَعَتْ بَيْنَ رَوْضَةٍ وَأَكَمَةٍ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْهَا كُلَّ ذَاتِ نَسَمَةٍ فَلَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُمَا قَدِ اتَّفَقَا، وَأَنَّ قَوْلَهُمَا وَاحِدٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ سَطِيحًا قَالَ وَقَعَتْ بِأَرْضٍ تَهَمَةٍ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْهَا كُلَّ ذَاتِ جُمْجُمَةٍ، وَقَالَ شِقٌّ: وَقَعَتْ بَيْنَ رَوْضَةٍ وَأَكَمَةٍ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْهَا كُلَّ ذَاتِ نَسَمَةٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: مَا أَخْطَأْتَ يَا شِقُّ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا فَمَا عِنْدَكَ فِي تَأْوِيلِهَا ؟ فَقَالَ: أَحْلِفُ بِمَا بَيْنَ الْحَرَّتَيْنِ مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ، لَيَنْزِلَنَّ أَرْضِكُمُ السُّودَانُ فَلْيَغْلِبُنَّ عَلَى كُلِّ طَفْلَةِ الْبَنَانِ، وَلِيَمْلِكُنَّ مَا بَيْنَ أَبْيَنَ إِلَى نَجْرَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: وَأَبِيكَ يَا شِقُّ إِنَّ هَذَا لَنَا لَغَائِظٌ مُوجِعٌ فَمَتَى هُوَ كَائِنٌ أَفِي زَمَانِي أَمْ بَعْدَهُ ؟ قَالَ: لَا بَلْ بَعْدَهُ بِزَمَانٍ، ثُمَّ يَسْتَنْقِذُكُمْ مِنْهُمْ عَظِيمٌ ذُو شَانٍ، وَيُذِيقُهُمْ أَشَدَّ الْهَوَانِ قَالَ: وَمَنْ هَذَا الْعَظِيمُ الشَّانِ ؟ قَالَ: غُلَامٌ لَيْسَ بِدَنِيٍّ وَلَا مُدَنٍّ، يَخْرُجُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ بَيْتِ ذِي يَزَنَ قَالَ: أَفَيَدُومُ سُلْطَانُهُ أَمْ يَنْقَطِعُ ؟ قَالَ: بَلْ يَنْقَطِعُ بِرَسُولٍ مُرْسَلٍ يَأْتِي بِالْحَقِّ وَالْعَدْلِ، مِنْ أَهْلِ الدِّينِ وَالْفَضْلِ يَكُونُ الْمُلْكُ فِي قَوْمِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْفَصْلِ قَالَ: وَمَا يَوْمُ الْفَصْلِ ؟ قَالَ: يَوْمَ تُجْزَى فِيهِ الْوُلَاةُ يُدْعَى فِيهِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بِدَعَوَاتٍ، يَسْمَعُ مِنْهَا الْأَحْيَاءُ وَالْأَمْوَاتُ، وَيُجْمَعُ النَّاسُ فِيهِ لِلْمِيقَاتِ، يَكُونُ فِيهِ لِمَنِ اتَّقَى الْفَوْزُ وَالْخَيْرَاتُ قَالَ: أَحَقٌّ مَا تَقُولُ ؟ قَالَ: إِي وَرَبِّ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا مِنْ رَفْعٍ وَخَفْضٍ، إِنَّ مَا أَنْبَأْتُكَ بِهِ لَحَقٌّ مَا فِيهِ أَمْضٌ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ مَا قَالَا فَجَهَّزَ بَنِيهِ وَأَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ، وَكَتَبَ لَهُمْ إِلَى مَلِكٍ مِنْ مُلُوكِ فَارِسَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: سَابُورُ بْنُ خُرَّزَاذَ فَأَسْكَنَهُمُ الْحِيرَةَ
Translation
✧ The story of Rabīʿah b. Naṣr Rabīʿah b. Naṣr b. Abī Ḥārithah b. ʿAmr b. ʿĀmir, whose mention has preceded, al-Lakhmī Thus Ibn Isḥāq mentioned him, and al-Suhaylī said: The genealogists of Yemen say: Naṣr b. Rabīʿah, and he is Rabīʿah b. Naṣr b. al-Ḥārith b. Numārah b. Lakhm. Al-Zubayr b. Bakkār said: Rabīʿah b. Naṣr b. Mālik b. Shaʿwadh b. Mālik b. ʿAjm b. ʿAmr b. Numārah b. Lakhm. Lakhm is the brother of Judhām, and he was called Lakhm because he lakham'd his brother, meaning he slapped him, and the other bit him on the hand and severed it, so he was called Judhām. Rabīʿah was one of the kings of Ḥimyar, the Tubbaʿs, and his story with Shiqq and Saṭīḥ, the two soothsayers, and their warning of the coming of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. As for Saṭīḥ, his name is Rabīʿ b. Rabīʿah b. Masʿūd b. Māzin b. Dhiʾb b. ʿAdī b. Māzin b. Ghassān. As for Shiqq, he is the son of Ṣaʿb b. Yashkur b. Ruhm b. Afrak b. Qasr b. ʿAbqar b. Anmār b. Nizār. Some say Anmār b. Arāsh b. Laḥyān b. ʿAmr b. al-Ghawth b. Nabt b. Mālik b. Zayd b. Kaḥlān b. Sabaʾ. It is said that Saṭīḥ had no limbs, and was like a flat surface, and his face was in his chest, and when he became angry he swelled up and sat. Shiqq was half a human, and it is said that Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Qasrī was his descendant. Al-Suhaylī mentioned that they were both born on a single day, and that was the day on which Ṭarīfah bt. al-Khayr al-Ḥimyarīyah died. It is said that she spat into the mouth of each of them, and so they inherited soothsaying from her. She was the wife of ʿAmr b. ʿĀmir, whose mention has preceded. And Allah knows best. The vision of Rabīʿah b. Naṣr Muḥammad b. Isḥāq said: Rabīʿah b. Naṣr was king of Yemen among the ranks of the Tubbaʿ kings. He saw a vision that terrified him and that he found dreadful. He did not leave any soothsayer, sorcerer, diviner, or astrologer among the people of his kingdom without gathering them to him. He said to them: I have seen a vision that terrified me, and I found it dreadful. Tell me it and its interpretation. They said: Relate it to us, and we will inform you of its interpretation. He said: If I tell you it, I will not be at ease with your report of its interpretation, because no one knows its interpretation except he who knows it before I inform him of it. A man among them said to him: If the king wants this, let him send for Shiqq and Saṭīḥ, for no one is more knowledgeable than they two, and they will inform him of what he asks. So he sent for them, and Saṭīḥ came to him before Shiqq. He said to him: I have seen a vision that terrified me and that I found dreadful. Tell me it, for if you get it right, you will get its interpretation right. He said: I will do so. You saw a coal that came out of darkness and fell upon a land of Tihāmah, and it ate from it every creature with a skull. The king said to him: You have not erred in anything of it, O Saṭīḥ. What do you have for its interpretation? He said: I swear by the serpents between the two ḥarrahs, the Abyssinians will descend upon your land, and they will rule what is between Abyan and Jurash. The king said to him: By your father, O Saṭīḥ, this is indeed grievous and painful to us. When will it be? In my time or after it? He said: No, rather after it, by a time of more than sixty or seventy years passing of the years. He said: Will their dominion last or be cut off? He said: It will be cut off after seventy-odd years, then they will be killed and will leave it fleeing. He said: Who will be in charge of that, of killing them and expelling them? He said: Iram Dhū Yazan will be in charge of them, coming out against them from ʿAdan, and he will not leave any of them in Yemen. He said: Will his dominion last or be cut off? He said: It will be cut off. He said: Who will cut it off? He said: A pure prophet to whom revelation will come from the Most High. He said: From whom is this prophet? He said: A man from the descendants of Ghālib b. Fihr b. Mālik b. al-Naḍr. The kingdom will be among his people until the end of time. He said: Does time have an end? He said: Yes, a day on which the first and the last will be gathered, in which the doers of good will be happy, and the evildoers will be wretched. He said: Is what you tell me true? He said: Yes, by the twilight and the darkness and the dawn when it brightens, indeed what I have told you is true. He said: Then Shiqq came to him, and he said to him the same as he had said to Saṭīḥ, but he concealed what Saṭīḥ had said, to see whether they agree or differ. He said: Yes, you saw a coal that came out of darkness and fell between a meadow and a hill, and it ate from it every creature with breath. When he said that to him, he knew that they had agreed, and that their statement was one, except that Saṭīḥ said it fell upon a land of Tihāmah and ate from it every creature with a skull, while Shiqq said it fell between a meadow and a hill and ate from it every creature with breath. The king said to him: You have not erred, O Shiqq, in anything of it. What do you have for its interpretation? He said: I swear by the humans between the two ḥarrahs, the blacks will descend upon your land, and they will overcome every tender-fingered one, and they will rule what is between Abyan and Najrān. The king said to him: By your father, O Shiqq, this is indeed grievous and painful to us. When will it be? In my time or after it? He said: No, rather after it, by a time, then a great one of great importance will rescue you from them, and he will make them taste the severest humiliation. He said: Who is this great one of great importance? He said: A young man, neither lowly nor weak, coming out against them from the house of Dhū Yazan. He said: Will his dominion last or be cut off? He said: It will be cut off by a sent messenger who will come with truth and justice, from the people of religion and virtue. The kingdom will be among his people until the Day of Decision. He said: What is the Day of Decision? He said: A day in which rulers will be recompensed, in which calls will be made from heaven with summons that the living and the dead will hear, and the people will be gathered in it for the appointed time, and in it will be for whoever feared God, success and good things. He said: Is what you say true? He said: Yes, by the Lord of heaven and earth and what is between them of height and depth, indeed what I have told you is true, there is no doubt in it. Ibn Isḥāq said: What they said settled in the soul of Rabīʿah b. Naṣr, so he prepared his sons and the people of his household to go to Iraq, and he wrote for them to a king of the kings of Persia called Sābūr b. Khurrazādh, and he settled them in al-Ḥīrah.
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