Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3898
Then the Year 326 AH Began
ذِكْرُ اسْتِيلَاءِ بُجْكُمَ عَلَى بَغْدَاذَ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ دَخَلَ بُجْكُمُ بَغْدَاذَ، وَلَقِيَ الرَّاضِيَ، وَقُلِّدَ إِمْرَةَ الْأُمَرَاءِ مَكَانَ ابْنِ رَائِقٍ، وَنَحْنُ نَذْكُرُ ابْتِدَاءً أَمْرَ بُجْكُمَ، وَكَيْفَ بَلَغَ إِلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالِ، فَإِنَّ بَعْضَ أَمْرِهِ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ، وَإِذَا افْتَرَقَ لَمْ يَحْصُلِ الْغَرَضُ مِنْهُ. كَانَ بُجْكُمُ هَذَا مِنْ غِلْمَانِ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْعَارِضِ، وَكَانَ وَزِيرًا لِمَاكَانَ بْنِ كَالِي الدَّيْلَمَيِّ، فَطَلَبَهُ مِنْهُ مَاكَانُ، فَوَهَبَهُ لَهُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ فَارَقَ مَاكَانَ مَعَ مَنْ فَارَقَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ وَالْتَحَقَ بِمَرْدَاوَيْجَ، وَكَانَ فِي جُمْلَةِ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ، وَسَارَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ، وَاتَّصَلَ بِابْنِ رَائِقٍ، وَسَيَّرَهُ إِلَى الْأَهْوَازِ، فَاسْتَوْلَى عَلَيْهَا وَطَرَدَ الْبَرِيدِيَّ عَنْهَا. ( ثُمَّ خَرَجَ الْبَرِيدِيُّ مَعَ مُعِزِّ الدَّوْلَةِ بْنِ بُوَيْهِ مِنْ فَارِسَ إِلَى الْأَهْوَازِ، فَأَخَذُوهَا مِنْ بُجْكُمَ، وَانْتَقَلَ بُجْكُمُ مِنَ الْأَهْوَازِ إِلَى وَاسِطَ )، وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُ ذَلِكَ مُفَصَّلًا، فَلَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ بِوَاسِطَ تَعَلَّقَتْ هِمَّتُهُ بِالِاسْتِيلَاءِ عَلَى حَضْرَةِ الْخَلِيفَةِ، وَهُوَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ يُظْهِرُ التَّبَعِيَّةَ لِابنِ رَائِقٍ، وَكَانَ عَلَى أَعْلَامِهِ وَتِرَاسِهِ بُجْكُمُ الرَّائِقِيُّ، فَلَمَّا وَصَلَتْهُ كُتُبُ ابْنِ مُقْلَةَ يُعَرِّفُهُ أَنَّهُ قَدِ اسْتَقَرَّ مَعَ الرَّاضِي أَنْ يُقَلِّدَهُ إِمْرَةَ الْأُمَرَاءِ، طَمِعَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَكَاشَفَ ابْنَ رَائِقٍ وَمَحَا نِسْبَتَهُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَعْلَامِهِ، وَسَارَ مِنْ وَاسِطَ نَحْوَ بَغْدَاذَ غُرَّةَ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ. وَاسْتَعَدَّ ابْنُ رَائِقٍ لَهُ، وَسَأَلَ الرَّاضِيَ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ إِلَى بُجْكُمَ يَأْمُرُهُ بِالْعَوْدِ إِلَى وَاسِطَ، فَكَتَبَ الرَّاضِي إِلَيْهِ، وَسَيَّرَ الْكُتَّابَ، فَلَمَّا قَرَأَهُ، أَلْقَاهُ عَنْ يَدِهِ وَرَمَى بِهِ، وَسَارَ حَتَّى نَزَلَ شَرْقِيَّ نَهَرَ دِيَالِي، وَكَانَ أَصْحَابُ ابْنِ رَائِقٍ عَلَى غَرْبَيْهِ، فَأَلْقَى أَصْحَابُ بُجْكُمَ نُفُوسَهُمْ فِي الْمَاءِ، فَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُ ابْنِ رَائِقٍ، وَعَبَرَ أَصْحَابُ بُجْكُمَ وَسَارُوا إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، وَخَرَجَ ابْنُ رَائِقٍ عَنْهَا إِلَى عُكْبَرَا، وَدَخَلَ بُجْكُمُ بَغْدَاذَ ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ، وَلَقِيَ الرَّاضِيَ مِنَ الْغَدِ، وَخَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ، وَجَعَلَهُ أَمِيرَ الْأُمَرَاءِ، وَكَتَبَ كُتُبًا عَنِ الرَّاضِي إِلَى الْقُوَّادِ الَّذِينَ مَعَ ابْنِ رَائِقٍ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالرُّجُوعِ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، فَفَارَقُوهُ جَمِيهُمْ وَعَادُوا. فَلَمَّا رَأَى ابْنُ رَائِقٍ ذَلِكَ، عَادَ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ وَاسْتَتَرَ، وَنَزَلَ بُجْكُمُ بِدَارَ مُؤْنِسٍ، وَاسْتَقَرَّ أَمْرُهُ بِبَغْدَاذَ، فَكَانَتْ مُدَّةُ إِمَارَةِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ رَائِقٍ سَنَةً وَاحِدَةً وَعَشَرَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَسِتَّةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا، وَمِنْ مَكْرِ بُجْكُمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُرَاسِلُ ابْنَ رَائِقٍ عَلَى لِسَانِ أَبِي زَكَرِيَّاءَ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ السُّوسِيِّ، قَالَ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّاءَ: أَشَرْتُ عَلَى بُجْكُمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُكَاشِفَ ابْنَ رَائِقٍ، فَقَالَ: لِمَ أَشَرْتَ بِهَذَا ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَيْكَ رِئَاسَةٌ وَإِمْرَةٌ، وَهُوَ أَقْوَى مِنْكَ وَأَكْثَرُ عَدَدًا، وَالْخَلِيفَةُ مَعَهُ، وَالْمَالُ عِنْدَهُ كَثِيرٌ، فَقَالَ: أَمَّا كَثْرَةُ رِجَالِهِ، فَهُوَ جَوْزٌ فَارِغٌ، وَقَدْ بَلَوْتُهُمْ، فَمَا أُبَالِي بِهِمْ قَلُّوا أَمْ كَثُرُوا، وَأَمَّا كَوْنُ الْخَلِيفَةِ مَعَهُ، فَهَذَا لَا يَضُرُّنِي عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِي، وَأَمَّا قِلَّةُ الْمَالِ مَعِي، فَلَيْسَ الْأَمْرُ كَذَلِكَ، قَدْ وَفَّيْتُ أَصْحَابِي مُسْتَحَقَّهُمْ، وَمَعِي مَا يُسْتَظْهَرُ بِهِ، فَكَمْ تَظُنُّ مَبْلَغَهُ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: لَا أَدْرِي. فَقَالَ: عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ، فَقُلْتُ: مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَقَالَ: غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَكَ، مَعِي خَمْسُونَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ لَا أَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهَا. فَلَمَّا اسْتَوْلَى عَلَى بَغْدَاذَ، قَالَ لِي يَوْمًا: أَتَذْكُرُ إِذْ قُلْتُ لَكَ: مَعِي خَمْسُونَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ ؟ وَاللَّهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعِي غَيْرُ خَمْسَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَقُلْتُ: هَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى قِلَّةِ ثِقَتِكِ بِي ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنَّكَ كُنْتَ رَسُولِي إِلَى ابْنِ رَائِقٍ، فَإِذَا عَلِمْتَ قِلَّةَ الْمَالِ مَعِي، ضَعُفَتْ نَفْسُكَ، فَطَمِعَ الْعَدُوُّ فِينَا، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ إِلَيْهِ بِقَلْبٍ قَوِيٍّ، فَتُكَلِّمَهُ بِمَا تَخْلَعُ [ بِهِ ] قَلْبَهُ وَتُضْعِفُ نَفْسَهُ. قَالَ: فَعَجِبْتُ مِنْ مَكْرِهِ وَعَقْلِهِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of Bujkam’s seizure of Baghdad In this year Bujkam entered Baghdad, met al-Rāḍī, and was invested with the command of the commanders in place of Ibn Rāʾiq. We shall mention the beginning of Bujkam’s affair and how he reached this state, for some of his affair has already been mentioned, but if it were left scattered, the intended purpose would not be achieved. This Bujkam was one of the slaves of Abū ʿAlī al-ʿĀriḍ, who was a vizier of Mākān b. Kālī al-Daylamī. Mākān asked for him from him, so he gave him as a gift. Then he parted from Mākān along with those of his companions who parted from him and joined Mardāwīj, and he was among those who killed him, then he went to Iraq, attached himself to Ibn Rāʾiq, who sent him to al-Ahwāz. He seized it and drove al-Barīdī out of it. (Then al-Barīdī went out with Muʿizz al-Dawla b. Buwayh from Fārs to al-Ahwāz, and they took it from Bujkam, and Bujkam moved from al-Ahwāz to Wāsiṭ). This has been mentioned in detail previously. When he settled at Wāsiṭ, his ambition became attached to seizing the caliph’s capital, while at the same time he displayed allegiance to Ibn Rāʾiq, and on his banners and shields was “Bujkam al-Rāʾiqī.” When Ibn Muqla’s letters reached him informing him that it had been settled with al-Rāḍī to invest him with the command of the commanders, he coveted that, openly opposed Ibn Rāʾiq, erased his attribution to him from his banners, and marched from Wāsiṭ toward Baghdad at the beginning of Dhū al-Qaʿda. Ibn Rāʾiq prepared for him and asked al-Rāḍī to write to Bujkam ordering him to return to Wāsiṭ. Al-Rāḍī wrote to him and sent secretaries. When he read it, he threw it from his hand and cast it away, and marched until he encamped on the east bank of the Diyālī River, while Ibn Rāʾiq’s men were on its west bank. Bujkam’s men threw themselves into the water, Ibn Rāʾiq’s men were defeated, Bujkam’s men crossed and marched to Baghdad. Ibn Rāʾiq left it for ʿUkbarā, and Bujkam entered Baghdad on the thirteenth of Dhū al-Qaʿda, met al-Rāḍī the next day, and he bestowed robes of honor upon him and made him commander of the commanders, and wrote letters on behalf of al-Rāḍī to the commanders who were with Ibn Rāʾiq ordering them to return to Baghdad, so they all parted from him and returned. When Ibn Rāʾiq saw that, he returned to Baghdad and went into hiding. Bujkam alighted at Muʾnis’s house, and his authority was established in Baghdad. The duration of Abū Bakr b. Rāʾiq’s command was one year, ten months, and sixteen days. Among Bujkam’s cunning was that he used to correspond with Ibn Rāʾiq through the tongue of Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Sūsī. Abū Zakariyyā said: I advised Bujkam that he should not openly oppose Ibn Rāʾiq. He said: “Why do you advise this?” I said to him: “He has had leadership and command over you, and he is stronger than you and more numerous in men, and the caliph is with him, and he has much wealth.” He said: “As for the abundance of his men, they are empty walnuts, and I have tested them. I do not care whether they are few or many. As for the caliph being with him, that does not harm me with my men. As for the scarcity of wealth with me, it is not so. I have paid my men their due, and I have with me what gives support. How much do you think it amounts to?” I said: “I do not know.” He said: “In any case.” I said: “A hundred thousand dirhams.” He said: “May God forgive you; I have fifty thousand dinars with me that I do not need.” When he had seized Baghdad, he said to me one day: “Do you remember when I said to you, ‘I have fifty thousand dinars’? By God, I had with me only five thousand dirhams.” I said: “Does this indicate your lack of trust in me?” He said: “No, but you were my messenger to Ibn Rāʾiq. If you had known the scarcity of wealth with me, your spirit would have weakened and the enemy would have coveted us. I wanted you to go to him with a strong heart and speak to him with what would unnerve his heart and weaken his spirit.” He said: I marveled at his cunning and his intelligence.
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