Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3643
The year 290 AH of the Prophetic Hijrah
أَسْرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ وَفِي سنة تسعين ومائتين أُخِذَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَسِيرًا وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْمُكْتَفِيَ أَنْفَذَ عَهْدًا إِلَى إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السَّامَانِيِّ بِوِلَايَةِ الرَّيِّ، فَسَارَ إِلَيْهَا، وَبِهَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، فَسَارَ عَنْهَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَى قَزْوِينَ وَزَنْجَانَ، ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى طَبَرِسْتَانَ، فَاسْتَعْمَلَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَلَى جُرْجَانَ بَارِسَ الْكَبِيرَ، وَأَلْزَمَهُ بِإِحْضَارِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ قَسْرًا، أَوْ صُلْحًا، وَكَاتَبَهُ بَارِسُ، وَضَمِنَ لَهُ إِصْلَاحَ حَالِهِ مَعَ الْأَمِيرِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، فَقَبِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ قَوْلَهُ، وَانْصَرَفَ عَنْ جُسْتَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ، وَقَصَدَ بُخَارَى. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَرْوَ قُيِّدَ بِهَا، وَذَلِكَ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ تِسْعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ. ثُمَّ حُمِلَ إِلَى بُخَارَى، فَأُدْخِلَهَا عَلَى جَمَلٍ وَحُبِسَ بِهَا، فَمَاتَ بَعْدَ شَهْرَيْنِ مَحْبُوسًا. وَكَانَ ابْتِدَاءُ أَمْرِهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ خَيَّاطًا، ثُمَّ أَنَّهُ جَمَعَ جَمْعًا مِنَ الرَّعَاعِ، وَأَهْلِ الْفَسَادِ، فَقَطَعَ الطَّرِيقَ بِمَفَازَةِ سَرَخْسَ مُدَّةً. ثُمَّ اسْتَأْمَنَ إِلَى رَافِعِ بْنِ هَرْثَمَةَ، وَبَقِيَ مَعَهُ إِلَى أَنِ انْهَزَمَ عَمْرٌو الصَّفَّارُ، فَاسْتَأْمَنَ إِلَى إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السَّامَانِيِّ صَاحِبِ مَا وَرَاءَ النَّهْرِ، بَعْدَ قَتْلِ رَافِعٍ، فَسَيَّرَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ إِلَى قِتَالِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَلَى مَا تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الْخَوَافِيُّ فِي شِعْرِهِ فَقَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو هَارُونَ خَيَّاطًا لَهُ إِبَرٌ وَرَايَةٌ سَامَهَا عَشْرًا بِقِيرَاطِ فَانْسَلَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَبْغِي الْمُلْكَ فِي عُصَبٍ زُطٍّ وَنُوبٍ وَأَكْرَادٍ وَأَنْبَاطِ أَنَّى يَنَالُ الثُّرَيَّا كَفُّ مُلْتَزِقٍ بِالتُّرْبِ عَنْ ذُرْوَةِ الْعَلْيَاءِ هَبَّاطِ صَبْرًا أَمِيرُكَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ مُنْتَقِمٌ مِنْهُ وَمِنْ كُلِّ غَدَّارٍ وَخَيَّاطِ رَأَيْتُ عَيْرًا سَمَا جَهْلًا عَلَى أَسَدٍ يَا عَيْنُ وَيْحَكِ مَا أَشْقَاكِ مِنْ شَاطِي
Translation
✧ The capture of Muḥammad b. Hārūn In the year two hundred and ninety, Muḥammad b. Hārūn was taken captive. The cause of that was that al-Muktafī sent a covenant to Ismāʿīl b. Aḥmad al-Sāmānī granting him the governorship of al-Rayy, so he marched there, while Muḥammad b. Hārūn was in it. Muḥammad then departed from it to Qazwīn and Zanjān, then returned to Ṭabaristān. Ismāʿīl b. Aḥmad appointed Bāris al-Kabīr over Jurjān and charged him with bringing Muḥammad b. Hārūn by force or by reconciliation. Bāris wrote to him and guaranteed him that he would set his situation right with the amīr Ismāʿīl. Muḥammad accepted his words and turned away from Jūstān al-Daylamī and headed for Bukhārā. When he reached Marw, he was put in chains there, and that was in Shaʿbān of the year two hundred and ninety. Then he was carried to Bukhārā and was brought into it on a camel and imprisoned there, and he died two months later while imprisoned. The beginning of his affair was that he had been a tailor. Then he gathered a band of riffraff and people of corruption and cut the road in the desert of Sarakhs for a time. Then he sought safe conduct from Rāfiʿ b. Harthama and remained with him until ʿAmr al-Ṣaffār was defeated, whereupon he sought safe conduct from Ismāʿīl b. Aḥmad al-Sāmānī, the lord of Transoxiana, after the killing of Rāfiʿ. Ismāʿīl then sent him to fight Muḥammad b. Zayd, as was mentioned previously. Al-Khawāfī mentioned him in his poetry and said: Abū Hārūn was a tailor with needles, and a banner that he valued at ten for a qīrāṭ. He slipped through the land seeking kingship among bands of Zutt, Nūb, Akrād, and Anbāṭ. How can the hand of one stuck to the dust, descending from the peak of loftiness, reach the Pleiades? Patience: your amīr Ismāʿīl exacts vengeance from him and from every traitor and tailor. I saw a donkey that in ignorance rose against a lion; O eye, woe to you, how wretched you are from the shore.
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