Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3359
The Year 243 AH
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرِّبَاطِيُّ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرِّبَاطِيُّ . مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ، سَمِعَ وَكِيعَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ، وَعَبْدَ الرَّزَّاقِ بْنَ هَمَّامٍ وَخَلْقًا [كَثِيرًا ]. رَوَى عَنْهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً فَاضِلًا فَهِمًا عَالِمًا [مِنْ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ ]، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَيَقُولُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الرِّبَاطِيَّ: قَدِمْتُ عَلَى أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ فَجَعَلَ لَا يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ إِلَيَّ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، إِنَّهُ يَكْتُبُ عَنِّي بِخُرَاسَانَ، فَإِنْ عَامَلْتَنِي بِهَذِهِ الْمُعَامَلَةِ رَمَوْا بِحَدِيثِي، فَقَالَ لِي: يَا أَحْمَدُ، هَلْ بُدٌّ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ [مِنْ أَنْ يُقَالَ: أَيْنَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ وَأَتْبَاعُهُ ؟ انْظُرْ أَيْنَ تَكُونُ أَنْتَ مِنْهُ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ وَلَّانِي أَمْرَ الرِّبَاطِ لِذَلِكَ دَخَلْتُ فِيهِ. قَالَ: فَجَعَلَ يُكَرِّرُ عَلَيَّ: يَا أَحْمَدُ هَلْ بُدٌّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ أَنْ يُقَالَ ] أَيْنَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ [بْنُ طَاهِرٍ ] وَأَتْبَاعُهُ ؟ فَانْظُرْ أَيْنَ تَكُونُ أَنْتَ فِيهِ. إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ [بْنِ صُولٍ ]، مَوْلَى يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْمُهَلَّبِ، أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ ، أَصْلُهُ مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ. رَوَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا. وَكَانَ مِنْ أَشْعَرِ الْكُتَّابِ وَأَرَقِّهِمْ لِسَانًا. وَكَانَ صُولُ جَدُّ أَبِيهِ وَفَيْرُوزُ أَخَوَيْنِ تُرْكِيَّيْنِ مَلِكَيْنِ بِجُرْجَانِ يَدِينَانِ بِالْمَجُوسِيَّةِ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْمُهَلَّبِ جُرْجَانَ أَمَّنَهُمَا، فَأَسْلَمَ صُولٌ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَعَهُ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ثَعْلَبٌ: أَنْشَدَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ الْكَاتِبُ لِنَفْسِهِ: كَمْ قَدْ تَجَرَّعْتُ مِنْ حُزْنٍ وَمِنْ غُصَصٍ إِذَا تَجَدَّدَ حُزْنٌ هَوَّنَ الْمَاضِي وَكَمْ غَضِبْتُ فَمَا بَالَيْتُمْ غَضَبِي حَتَّى رَجَعْتُ بِقَلْبٍ سَاخِطٍ رَاضِي قَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: كَأَنَّهُ أَخَذَهُ مِنْ قَوْلِ خَالِهِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْأَحْنَفِ: تَعَلَّمْتُ أَلْوَانَ الرِّضَى خَوْفَ عَتَبِهَا وَعَلَّمَهَا حُبِّي لَهَا كَيْفَ تَغْضَبُ وَلِي غَيْرُ وَجْهٍ قَدْ عَرَفْتُ طَرِيقَهُ وَلَكِنْ بِلَا قَلْبٍ إِلَى أَيْنَ أَذْهَبُ تُوُفِّيَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ فِي شَعْبَانِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِسَامُرَّاءَ. أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمِصْرِيُّ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمِصْرِيُّ . حَدَّثَ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ فَضَالَةَ، وَرِشْدِينَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ. وَكَانَ يَتَّجِرُ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَتَجَرَ إِلَى تُسْتَرَ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: التُّسْتَرِيُّ، وَسَكَنَ الْعِرَاقَ، وَتُوُفِّيَ بِبَغْدَادَ [فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ ]. حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَرْمَلَةَ حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَرْمَلَةَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ، أَبُو حَفْصٍ . وُلِدَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَسِتِّينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي شَوَّالِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُحَاسِبِيُّ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُحَاسِبِيُّ . حَدَّثَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ، وَلَهُ كُتُبٌ فِي الزُّهْدِ وَالْمُعَامَلَةِ. وَيَقُولُ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُوقٍ: سَمِعْتُ حَارِثًا الْمُحَاسِبِيَّ يَقُولُ: ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْيَاءَ عَزِيزَةٌ أَوْ مَعْدُومَةٌ: حُسْنُ الْوَجْهِ مَعَ الصِّيَانَةِ، وَحُسْنُ الْخُلُقِ مَعَ الدِّيَانَةِ، وَحُسْنُ الْإِخَاءِ مَعَ الْأَمَانَةِ. يَقُولُ جَعْفَرٌ الْخَلَدِيُّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: سَمِعْتُ الْجُنَيْدَ يَقُولُ ]: مَاتَ أَبُو الْحَارِثِ الْمُحَاسِبِيُّ يَوْمَ مَاتَ وَأَنَّ الْحَارِثَ لَمُحْتَاجٌ إِلَى دَانِقِ فِضَّةٍ، وَخَلَّفَ مَالًا كَثِيرًا، وَمَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ حَبَّةً وَاحِدَةً، وَقَالَ: أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ لَا يَتَوَارَثَانِ، وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ وَاقِفِيًّا. قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ: كَانَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ يُنْكِرُ عَلَى الْحَارِثِ الْمُحَاسِبِيِّ خَوْضَهُ فِي الْكَلَامِ، وَيَصُدُّ النَّاسَ عَنْهُ، فَهَجَرَهُ أَحْمَدُ فَاخْتَفَى فِي دَارِهِ بِبَغْدَادَ، وَمَاتَ فِيهَا، وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. أَبُو بَكْرٍ الرِّبْعِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، أَبُو بَكْرٍ الرِّبْعِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ . يُعْرَفُ بِالْمَرَاوِحِيِّ، لِأَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَحْدَثَ عَمَلَ الْمَرَاوِحِ بِمِصْرَ. وَحَدَّثَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، وَسُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَوَكِيعٍ. وَكَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا، تُوُفِّيَ بِمِصْرَ فِي جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. أَبُو عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْعَمِّيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ [عُقْبَةُ بْنُ مُكْرِمٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْعَمِّيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ . قَدِمَ بَغْدَادَ، وَحَدَّثَ بِهَا عَنْ غُنْدَرٍ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: مُسْلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحِهِ، وَالْبَغَوِيُّ، وَابْنُ صَاعِدٍ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، تُوُفِّيَ بِالْبَصْرَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ ]. أَبُو هَمَّامٍ السَّكُونِيُّ الْبَغْدَادَيُّ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ شُجَاعِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، أَبُو هَمَّامٍ السَّكُونِيُّ الْبَغْدَادَيُّ ، كُوفِيُّ الْأَصْلِ. سَمِعَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُسْهِرٍ، وَشَرِيكَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، وَغَيْرَهُمْ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: أَبُو حَاتِمٍ الرَّازِيُّ، وَعَبَّاسٌ الدُّورِيُّ، وَالْبَغَوِيُّ. تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِبَغْدَادَ. وَيَقُولُ أَبَا يَحْيَى مُسْتَمْلِيَ أَبَا هَمَّامٍ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا هَمَّامٍ فِي الْمَنَامِ وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ قَنَادِيلُ مُعَلَّقَةٌ فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا هَمَّامٍ، بِمَا نِلْتَ هَذِهِ الْقَنَادِيلَ ؟ قَالَ: هَذَا بِحَدِيثِ الْحَوْضِ، وَهَذَا بِحَدِيثِ الشَّفَاعَةِ، وَهَذَا بِحَدِيثِ كَذَا، وَهَذَا بِحَدِيثِ كَذَا. أَبُو مُوسَى الْبَزَّازُ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْحَمَّالِ هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، أَبُو مُوسَى الْبَزَّازُ، الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْحَمَّالِ . سَمِعَ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَسَيَّارَ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ، وَرَوْحَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَغَيْرَهُمْ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ الْحَرْبِيُّ، وَالْبَغَوِيُّ، وَابْنُ صَاعِدٍ، وَكَانَ حَافِظًا صَدُوقًا. وَيَقُولُ هَارُونَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَمَّالَ: جَاءَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ بِاللَّيْلِ فَدَقَّ الْبَابَ عَلَيَّ، فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ: أَنَا أَحْمَدُ، فَبَادَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَمَسَّانِي وَمَسَّيْتُهُ، وَقُلْتُ: حَاجَةٌ يَا أَبَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، شَغَلْتَ الْيَوْمَ قَلْبِي، قُلْتُ: بِمَاذَا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: جُزْتُ عَلَيْكَ الْيَوْمَ وَأَنْتَ قَاعِدٌ تُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ فِي الْفَيْءِ، وَالنَّاسُ فِي الشَّمْسِ بِأَيْدِيهمُ الْأَقْلَامُ وَالدَّفَاتِرُ، لَا تَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى. إِذَا قَعَدْتَ فَاقْعُدْ مَعَ النَّاسِ. تُوُفِّيَ هَارُونُ فِي شَوَّالِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ، وَلَا يَصِحُّ. أَبُو السَّرِيِّ الدَّارِمِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، أَبُو السَّرِيِّ الدَّارِمِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ . سَمِعَ أَبَا الْأَحْوَصِ، وَوَكِيعًا وَخَلْقًا كَثِيرًا. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ: كَانَ هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ كَثِيرَ الْبُكَاءِ، وَكُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي مَسْجِدِهِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنَ الْقِرَاءَةِ عَادَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَانْصَرَفَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، وَقَامَ عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ فَصَلَّى إِلَى الزَّوَالِ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَانْصَرَفَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، فَصَلَّى بِنَا الظُّهْرَ، ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ يُصَلِّي إِلَى الْعَصْرِ يَرْفَعُ صَوْتَهُ بِالْقُرْآنِ وَيَبْكِي كَثِيرًا وَيُصَلِّي إِلَى الْعَصْرِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى [بِنَا ] الْعَصْرَ، وَجَاءَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَجَعَلَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ، فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَقُلْتُ لِبَعْضِ جِيرَانِهِ: مَا أَصْبَرَهُ عَلَى الْعِبَادَةِ فَقَالُوا: هَذِهِ عِبَادَتُهُ بِالنَّهَارِ مُنْذُ سَبْعَيْنِ عَامًا، فَكَيْفَ لَوْ رَأَيْتَ عِبَادَتَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ ؟ ! وَمَا تَزَوَّجَ قَطُّ، وَلَا تَسَرَّى [قَطُّ ]، وَكَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: عَابِدُ الْكُوفَةِ. وَقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: مَاتَ هَنَّادُ [بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ] يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ آخِرَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ [شَهْرِ ] رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ. يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ السِّكِيتُ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ السِّكِيتُ، أَبُو يُوسُفَ النَّحْوِيُّ اللُّغَوِيُّ . صَاحِبُ كِتَابِ "إِصْلَاحِ الْمَنْطِقِ"، وَأَبُوهُ هُوَ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالسِّكِّيتِ. كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْفَضْلِ وَالدِّينِ وَالثِّقَةِ، وَكَانَ يُؤَدِّبُ الصِّبْيَانَ فِي أَوَّلِ أَمْرِهِ، ثُمَّ تَرَقَّى إِلَى أَنْ صَارَ يُؤَدِّبُ وَلَدَ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَلَى اللَّهِ. وَرَوَى عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، وَحَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: أَبُو سَعِيدٍ السُّكَّرِيُّ. وَكَانَ الْمُبَرِّدُ يَقُولُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ لِلْبَغْدَادَيِّينَ كِتَابًا أَحْسَنَ مِنْ كِتَابِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ السِّكِّيتِ فِي الْمَنْطِقِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الطُّوسِيُّ: كُنَّا فِي مَجْلِسِ اللِّحْيَانِيِّ. فَقَالَ يَوْمًا: تَقُولُ الْعَرَبُ "مُثْقَلٌ اسْتَعَانَ بِذَقَنِهِ" [يُرِيدُونَ الْجَمَلَ ]، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ السِّكِّيتِ، - وَهُوَ حَدَثٌ - فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا الْحُسَيْنِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ تَقُولُ الْعَرَبَ: "مُثْقَلٌ اسْتَعَانَ بِدُفَّيْهِ"، يُرِيدُونَ الْجَمَلَ إِذَا نَهَضَ بِالْحِمْلِ [اسْتَعَانَ بِجَنْبَيْهِ ]، فَقَطَعَ الْإِمْلَاءَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ الثَّانِي أَمْلَى فَقَالَ: تَقُولُ الْعَرَبُ "هُوَ جَارِي مُكَاشِرِي"، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ السِّكِّيتِ فَقَالَ: أَعَزَّكَ اللَّهُ، وَمَا مَعْنَى مُكَاشِرِي ؟ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مُكَاسِرِي، كَسَرَ بَيْتِي إِلَى كَسْرِ بَيْتِهِ. قَالَ: فَقَطَعَ اللِّحْيَانِيُّ الْإِمْلَاءَ، فَمَا أَمْلَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا. تُوُفِّيَ يَعْقُوبُ [بْنُ السِّكِّيتِ ] فِي رَجَبِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، وَقَدْ بَلَغَ ثَمَانِيًا وَخَمْسِينَ. هَذَانِ الْبَيْتَانِ لِابْنِ السِّكِّيتِ: وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُحِبُّكَ حُبًّا ظَاهِرَ الْحُبِّ لَيْسَ بِالتَّقْصِيرِ فَإِذَا مَا سَأَلْتَهُ عَشْرَ فِلْسٍ أَلْحَقَ الْحُبَّ بِاللَّطِيفِ الْخَبِيرِ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَطَنِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ التَّمِيمِيُّ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَطَنِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ التَّمِيمِيُّ ، مِنْ وَلَدِ أَكْثَمَ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ، يُكَنَّى أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ. سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، وَالْفَضْلَ بْنَ مُوسَى الشَّيْبَانِيَّ، وَجَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ، وَابْنَ إِدْرِيسَ، وَابْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَالدَّرَاوَرْدِيَّ، وَعِيسَى بْنَ يُونُسَ، وَوَكِيعَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ فِي آخَرِينَ. وَرَوَى عَنْهُ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، وَالْبُخَارِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمَا. وَكَانَ عَالِمًا بِالْفِقْهِ بَصِيرًا بِالْأَحْكَامِ، ذَا فُنُونٍ مِنَ الْعُلُومِ، فَعَرَفَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَضْلَهُ، فَلَمْ يَتَقَدَّمْهُ عِنْدَهُ أَحَدٌ، فَوَلَّاهُ الْقَضَاءَ بِبَغْدَادَ، وَقَلَّدَهُ قَضَاءَ [الْقُضَاةِ ] وَتَدْبِيرَ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ، فَكَانَتِ الْوُزَرَاءُ لَا تَعْمَلُ فِي تَدْبِيرِ الْمُلْكِ شَيْئًا إِلَّا بَعْدَ مُطَالَعَةِ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَكْثَمَ [لَا يَعْلَمُ أَحَدٌ غَلَبَ عَلَى سُلْطَانِهِ فِي زَمَانِهِ إِلَّا يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ ] وَابْنَ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ: خَرَجَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ وَهُوَ ضَجِرٌ. فَقَالَ أَلَيْسَ مِنَ الشَّقَاءِ أَنْ أَكُونَ جَالَسْتُ ضَمْرَةَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، وَجَالَسَ ضَمْرَةُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ، وَجَالَسْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ دِينَارٍ، وَجَالَسَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَجَالَسْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ دِينَارٍ، وَجَالَسَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، وَجَالَسْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ، وَجَالَسَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ. وَعَدَّدَ جَمَاعَةً، ثُمَّ أَنَا أُجَالِسُكُمْ ! فَقَالَ لَهُ حَدَثٌ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ: أَتُتَّصَفُ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ ؟ قَالَ: إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ. قَالَ لَهُ: وَاللَّهِ لَشَقَاءُ مَنْ جَالَسَ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِكَ أَشَدُّ شَقَاءً مِنْكَ بِنَا، فَأَطْرَقَ، وَتَمَثَّلَ بِشِعْرِ أَبِي نُوَاسٍ: خَلِّ جَنْبَيْكَ لِزَامِ وَامْضِ عَنْهُ بِسَلَامِ مُتْ بِدَاءِ الصَّمْتِ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ دَاءِ الْكَلَامِ فَسَأَلَ مَنِ الْحَدَثُ ؟ فَقَالُوا: يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ. فَقَالَ [سُفْيَانُ ]: هَذَا الْغُلَامُ يَصْلُحُ لِصُحْبَةِ هَؤُلَاءِ - يَعْنِي السُّلْطَانَ. وَذَكَرَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ عِيسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الطُّومَارِيُّ: أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا حَازِمٍ، الْقَاضِيَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ: وَلِيَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ الْقَاضِيَ الْبَصْرَةِ وَسِنُّهُ عِشْرُونَ [سَنَةً ] أَوْ نَحْوَهَا - قَالَ: فَاسْتَصْغَرَهُ أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَحَدُهُمْ: كَمْ سِنُّ الْقَاضِي ؟ قَالَ: فَعَلِمَ أَنَّهُ قَدِ اسْتَصْغَرَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَنَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْ عَتَّابِ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ الَّذِي وَجَّهَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَاضِيًا عَلَى مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، وَأَنَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَاضِيًا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ، وَأَنَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ سُورٍ الَّذِي وَجَّهَ بِهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَاضِيًا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ. قَالَ: وَبَقِيَ سَنَةً لَا يَقْبَلُ بِهَا شَاهِدًا، قَالَ: فَتَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ أَبِي، [وَكَانَ أَحَدَ الْأُمَنَاءِ ]، وَقَالَ لَهُ: أَيُّهَا الْقَاضِي، قَدْ وَقَفْتَ الْأُمُورَ وَتَرَيَّثْتَ، قَالَ: وَمَا السَّبَبُ فِي ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: فِي تَرْكِ الْقَاضِي قَبُولَ الشُّهُودِ، قَالَ: فَأَجَازَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ شَهَادَةَ سَبْعِينَ شَاهِدًا. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لِأَبِي الْعَيْنَاءِ - قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ الْمَأْمُونِ فِي طَرِيقِ الشَّامِ، فَأَمَرَ فَنُودِيَ بِتَحْلِيلِ الْمُتْعَةِ، فَقَالَ لَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ: بَكِّرَا غَدًا عَلَيْهِ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمَا لِلْقَوْلِ وَجْهًا فَقُولَا، وَإِلَّا فَأَمْسِكَا إِلَى أَنْ أَدْخُلَ. قَالَ: فَدَخَلْنَا إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يَسْتَاكُ - وَهُوَ مُغْتَاظٌ - وَيَقُولُ: مُتْعَتَانِ كَانَتَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَعَلَى عَهْدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَأَنَا أَنْهَى عَنْهُمَا، وَمَنْ أَنْتَ يَا أَحْوَلُ حَتَّى تَنْهَى عَمَّا فَعَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ؟ فَأَمْسَكْنَا وَجَاءَ يَحْيَى، فَجَلَسَ وَجَلَسْنَا، فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِيَحْيَى: مَا لِي أَرَاكَ مُتَغَيِّرًا ؟ قَالَ: هُوَ غَمٌّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِمَا حَدَثَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، قَالَ: وَمَا حَدَثَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ؟ قَالَ النِّدَاءُ بِتَحْلِيلِ الزِّنَا، قَالَ: الزِّنَا ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، الْمُتْعَةُ زِنًا، قَالَ: وَمِنْ أَيْنَ قُلْتَ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَحَدِيثِ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ. قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ - 2 إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِفُرُوجِهِمْ حَافِظُونَ إِلا عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِمْ أوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ غَيْرُ مَلُومِينَ فَمَنِ ابْتَغَى وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْعَادُونَ - 7. يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ زَوْجَةُ الْمُتْعَةِ مِلْكُ يَمِينٍ ؟ قَالَ: لَا ! قَالَ: فَهِيَ الزَّوْجَةُ الَّتِي عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَرِثُ وَتُوَرَّثُ وَيَلْحَقُ الْوَلَدُ [وَلَهَا شَرَائِطُهَا ؟ ] قَالَ: لَا: قَالَ: فَقَدْ صَارَ مُتَجَاوِزُ هَذَيْنِ مِنَ الْعَادِينَ. وَهَذَا الزُّهْرِيُّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَوَى عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ وَالْحُسَيْنِ ابْنَيْ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ قَالَ: أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أُنَادِيَ بِالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُتْعَةِ وَتَحْرِيمِهَا، بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ أَمَرَ بِهَا، فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا الْمَأْمُونُ، قَالَ: أَتَحْفَظُونَ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ؟ فَقُلْنَا: نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، رَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْهُمْ مَالِكٌ. فَقَالَ: أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ، نَادُوا بِتَحْرِيمِ الْمُتْعَةِ، فَنَادَوْا بِتَحْرِيمِهَا. قَالَ الصُّولِيُّ: فَسَمِعْتُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ - وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ - فَعَظَّمَ أَمْرَهُ وَقَالَ: كَانَ لَهُ يَوْمٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأَحَدٍ مِثْلُهُ، وَذَكَرَ مِثْلَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ: فَمَا كَانَ يُقَالُ ؟ قَالَ: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ تَزُولَ عَدَالَةُ مِثْلِهِ بِتَكْذِيبِ بَاغٍ وَحَاسِدٍ، وَكَانَتْ كُتُبُهُ فِي الْفِقْهِ أَجَلَّ كُتُبٍ، فَتَرَكَهَا النَّاسُ لِطُولِهَا. قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ: لَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ صَيَّرَ يَحْيَى فِي مَرْتَبَةِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ وَخَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَ خِلَعٍ، ثُمَّ عَزَلَ بِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، وَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ، فَأَمَرَ بِقَبْضِ أَمْلَاكِهِ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مَدِينَةَ السَّلَامِ، وَأَمَرَهُ بِأَنْ يَلْزَمَ مَنْزِلَهُ. وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الْكَاتِبُ: دَخَلَ عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ أَكْثَمَ ابْنَا مَسْعَدَةَ - وَكَانَا عَلَى نِهَايَةٍ مِنَ الْجَمَالِ - فَلَمَّا رَآهُمَا يَمْشِيَانِ فِي الصَّحْنِ أَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ: يَا زَائِرَيْنَا مِنَ الْخِيَامِ حَيَّاكُمَا اللَّهُ بِالسَّلَامِ لَمْ تَأْتِيَانِي وَبِي نُهُوضٌ إِلَى حَلَالٍ وَلَا حَرَامِ يُحْزِنُنِي أَنْ وَقَفْتُمَا بِي وَلَيْسَ عِنْدِي سِوَى الْكَلَامِ ثُمَّ أَجْلَسَهُمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، وَجَعَلَ يُمَازِحُهُمَا حَتَّى انْصَرَفَا. قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْأَنْبَارِيِّ: وَسَمِعْتُ غَيْرَ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ شُيُوخِنَا يَحْكِي أَنَّ يَحْيَى عُزِلَ عَنِ الْحُكْمِ بِسَبَبِ هَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتِ الَّتِي أَنْشَدَهَا لَمَّا دَخَلَ [عَلَيْهِ ] ابْنَا مَسْعَدَةَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهُجَيْمِيُّ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْعَيْنَاءِ يَقُولُ: تَوَلَّى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ دِيوَانَ الصَّدَقَاتِ عَلَى الْأَضِرَّاءِ فَلَمْ يُعْطِهِمْ شَيْئًا فَطَالَبُوهُ وَطَالَبُوهُ، فَلَمْ يُعْطِهِمْ، فَانْصَرَفُوا، ثُمَّ اجْتَمَعُوا وَطَالَبُوهُ فَلَمْ يُعْطِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ مِنْ جَامِعِ الرَّصَافَةِ مِنْ مَجْلِسِ الْقَضَاءِ سَأَلُوهُ وَطَالَبُوهُ فَقَالَ: [لَيْسَ ] لَكُمْ [عِنْدِي وَلَا ] عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ شَيْءٌ فَقَالُوا: إِنْ وَقَفْنَا مَعَكَ إِلَى غَدٍ [أَلَا ] تَزِيدُنَا عَلَى هَذَا الْقَوْلِ ؟ قَالَ: لَا. فَقَالُوا: لَا تَفْعَلْ يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ ! فَقَالَ: الْحَبْسَ الْحَبْسَ. فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ فَحُبِسُوا جَمِيعًا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ ضَجُّوا، فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ: مَا هَذَا ؟ فَقَالُوا الْأَضِرَّاءُ حَبَسَهُمْ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ. فَقَالَ: لِمَ حَبَسَهُمْ ؟ فَقَالُوا: كَنَّوْهُ فَحَبَسَهُمْ فَدَعَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ: [الْأَضِرَّاءُ ] حَبَسْتَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ كَنَّوْكَ ! فَقَالَ: [يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ] لَمْ أَحْبِسْهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، إِنَّمَا حَبْسَتُهُمْ عَلَى التَّعْرِيضِ، قَالُوا لِي يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ يُعَرِّضُونَ بِشَيْخٍ لَائِطٍ فِي الْخُرَيْبَةِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ يَحْسُدُ حَسَدًا شَدِيدًا، وَكَانَ مُفَتَّنًا، وَكَانَ إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ يَحْفَظُ الْفِقْهَ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْحَدِيثِ، وَإِذَا رَآهُ يَحْفَظُ الْحَدِيثَ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ النَّحْوِ، وَإِذَا رَآهُ يَعْلَمُ النَّحْوَ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْكَلَامِ، لِيَقْطَعَهُ وَيُخْجِلَهُ، فَدَخَلَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ ذَكِيٌّ حَافِظٌ، فَنَاظَرَهُ فَرَآهُ مُفَتَّنًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ: نَظَرْتَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ ! قَالَ: فَمَا تَحْفَظُ مِنَ الْأُصُولِ ؟ قَالَ: أَحْفَظُ [عَنْ ]، شَرِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ: أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ رَجَمَ لُوطِيًّا، فَأَمْسَكَ فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْهُ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْمِقْدَامِ قَالَ: اسْتَعْدَى ابْنُ أَبِي عَمَّارِ بْنِ أَبِي ] الْخَصِيبِ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ عَلَى وَرَثَةِ أَبِيهِ، وَكَانَ بَارِعَ الْجَمَالِ، فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا الْقَاضِي أَعِدْنِي عَلَيْهِمْ، قَالَ: فَمَنْ يُعْدِينِي [أَنَا ] عَلَى عَيْنَيْكَ ؟ قَالَ: فَهَرَبَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ إِلَى بَغْدَادَ، فَقَالَ لَهَا وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَتْ إِلَيْهِ: وَاللَّهُ لَا أَنَفَذْتُ لَكُمْ حُكْمًا أَوْ تَرُدِّيهِ فَهُوَ أَوْلَى بِالْمُطَالَبَةِ مِنْكِ. قَالَ ابْنُ الْمَرْزُبَانِ: كَانَ زَيْدَانُ الْكَاتِبُ يَكْتُبُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَكْثَمَ الْقَاضِي، وَكَانَ جَمِيلًا مُتَنَاهِيَ [الْجَمَالِ، ] فَقَرَصَ الْقَاضِي خَدَّهُ، فَخَجِلَ وَاسْتَحْيَى، فَطَرَحَ الْقَلَمَ مِنْ يَدِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ يَحْيَى: اكْتُبْ مَا أُمْلِي عَلَيْكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَيَا قَمَرًا جَمَشْتُهُ فَتَغَضَّبَا وَأَصْبَحَ لِي مِنْ تِيهِهِ مُتَجَنِّبَا إِذَا كُنْتَ لِلتَّجْمِيشِ وَالْعِشْقِ كَارِهًا فَكُنْ أَبَدًا يَا سَيِّدِي مُتَنَقِّبًا وَلَا تُظْهِرُ الْأَصْدَاغُ لِلنَّاسِ فِتْنَةً وَتَجْعَلُ مِنْهَا فَوْقَ خَدَّيْكَ عَقْرَبَا فَتَقْتُلُ مُشْتَاقًا وَتَفْتِنُ نَاسِكًا وَتَتْرُكُ قَاضِيَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مُعَذَّبَا وَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْمَأْمُونِ: قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ أَكْثَمَ: مَنِ الَّذِي يَقُولُ: قَاضٍ يَرَى الْحَدَّ فِي الزِّنَا وَلَا يَرَى عَلَى مَنْ يَلُوطُ مِنْ بَأْسِ قَالَ: أَوْ مَا يَعْرِفُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَنْ قَالَهُ ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: يَقُولُهُ الْفَاجِرُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ الَّذِي يَقُولُ: أَمِيرُنَا يَرْتَشِي وَحَاكِمُنَا يَلُوطُ وَالرَّأْسُ شَرُّ مَا رَأَسِ لَا أَحْسَبُ الْجَوْرَ يَنْقَضِي وَعَلَى الْأُمَّةِ وَالٍ مِنْ آلِ عَبَّاسِ قَالَ: فَأَفْحَمَ الْمَأْمُونَ وَسَكَتَ خَجَلًا، وَقَالَ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُنْفَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ إِلَى السِّنْدِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَغْدَادَيُّ: كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ أَحَادِيثَ لَمْ نَسْمَعْهَا. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْفَتْحِ الْأَزْدِيُّ: رَوَى عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ عَجَائِبَ لَا يُتَابَعُ عَلَيْهَا. قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ: كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ قَدْ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَعَزَمَ عَلَى الْمُجَاوَرَةِ، فَبَلَغَهُ أَنَّ الْمُتَوَكِّلَ قَدْ صَلَحَ قَلْبُهُ لَهُ، فَرَجَعَ يُرِيدُ الْعِرَاقَ، فَلَمَّا وَصَلَ إِلَى الرَّبَذَةِ تُوُفِّيَ بِهَا، وَدُفِنَ هُنَاكَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً. قَالَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الصَّيْرَفِيَّ: رَأَى جَارٌ لَنَا يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَا فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: وَقَفْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِي سَوْءَةً لَكَ يَا شَيْخُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَبِّ، إِنَّ رَسُولَكَ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّكَ لَتَسْتَحِي مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الثَّمَانِينَ أَنْ تُعَذِّبَهُمْ" وَأَنَا ابْنُ ثَمَانِينَ أَسِيرُ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَقَالَ لِي: صَدَقَ رَسُولِي، قَدْ عَفَوْتُ عَنْكَ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمٍ الْخَوَّاصُ: رَأَيْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ الْقَاضِيَ فِي الْمَنَامِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: مَا فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ لِي: وَقَفَنِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَقَالَ لِي: يَا شَيْخَ السُّوءِ، لَوْلَا شَيْبَتُكَ لَأُحَرِّقَنَّكَ بِالنَّارِ، فَأَخَذَنِي مَا يَأْخُذُ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ مَوْلَاهُ، فَلَمَّا أَفَقْتُ قَالَ لِي: يَا شَيْخَ السُّوءِ لَوْلَا شَيْبَتُكَ لَأُحَرِّقَنَّكَ [بِالنَّارِ ]، فَأَخَذَنِي مَا يَأْخُذُ الْعَبْدَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ مَوْلَاهُ، فَلَمَّا أَفَقْتُ قَالَ لِي: يَا شَيْخَ السُّوءِ، لَوْلَا شَيْبَتُكَ لَأُحَرِّقَنَّكَ بِالنَّارِ، فَلَمَّا أَفَقْتُ قُلْتُ: يَا رَبِّ، مَا هَكَذَا حَدَّثْتُ عَنْكَ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَا حَدَّثْتَ عَنِّي - وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِذَلِكَ - قُلْتُ: عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَبِيِّكَ ﷺ، عَنْ جِبْرِيلَ عَنْكَ يَا عَظِيمُ أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ: "مَا شَابَ لِي عَبْدٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ شَيْبَةً إِلَّا اسْتَحْيَيْتُ مِنْهُ أَنْ أُعَذِّبَهُ بِالنَّارِ". فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: صَدَقَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَصَدَقَ مَعْمَرٌ، وَصَدَقَ الزُّهْرِيُّ، وَصَدَقَ أَنَسٌ، وَصَدَقَ نَبِيِّي، وَصَدَقَ جِبْرِيلُ، وَأَنَا قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ انْطَلِقُوا بِهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ. وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ سُهَيْدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ سُهَيْدٍ الْأَنْدَلُسِيُّ، وَكَانَ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ. قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، فَوَلِيَ دِيوَانَ الضِّيَاعِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَخْلَدِ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ خَلِيفَةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي شَعْبَانَ. قُلْتُ: إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صُولٍ الصُّولِيُّ، الشَّاعِرُ الْكَاتِبُ الْمَشْهُورُ، وَهُوَ عَمُّ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الصُّولِيِّ، وَكَانَ جَدُّهُ صُولٌ مَلِكَ جُرْجَانَ وَكَانَ أَصْلُهُ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ تَمَجَّسَ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدَيْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْمُهَلَّبِ بْنِ أَبِي صُفْرَةَ. وَلِإِبْرَاهِيمَ هَذَا دِيوَانُ شِعْرٍ ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ خِلِّكَانَ وَاسْتَجَادَ مِنْ شِعْرِهِ أَشْيَاءَ ; مِنْهَا قَوْلُهُ: وَلَرُبَّ نَازِلَةٍ يَضِيقُ بِهَا الْفَتَى ذَرَعًا وَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْهَا مَخْرَجُ ضَاقَتْ فَلَمَّا اسْتَحْكَمَتْ حَلَقَاتُهَا فُرِجَتْ وَكَانَ يَظُنُّهَا لَا تُفْرَجُ وَمِنْهَا قَوْلُهُ: كُنْتَ السَّوَادَ لِمُقْلَتِي فَبَكَى عَلَيْكَ النَّاظِرُ مَنْ شَاءَ بَعْدَكَ فَلْيَمُتْ فَعَلَيْكَ كُنْتُ أُحَاذِرُ وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا كَتَبَ بِهِ إِلَى وَزِيرِ الْمُعْتَصِمِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ الزَّيَّاتِ: وَكُنْتَ أَخِي بِإِخَاءِ الزَّمَانِ فَلَمَّا نَبَا صِرْتَ حَرْبًا عَوَانَا وَكُنْتُ أَذُمُّ إِلَيْكَ الزَّمَانَ فَأَصْبَحْتُ مِنْكَ أَذُمُّ الزَّمَانَا وَكُنْتُ أَعُدُّكَ لِلنَّائِبَاتِ فَهَا أَنَا أَطْلُبُ مِنْكَ الْأَمَانَا وَلَهُ: لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكَ خَفْضُ الْعَيْشِ فِي دَعَةٍ نُزُوعُ نَفْسٍ إِلَى أَهْلٍ وَأَوْطَانِ تَلَقَى بِكُلِّ بِلَادٍ إِنْ حَلَلْتَ بِهَا أَهْلًا بِأَهْلٍ وَجِيرَانًا بِجِيرَانِ وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ بِمُنْتَصَفِ شَعْبَانَ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِسُرَّ مَنْ رَأَى، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. قَالَ: وَمَاتَ هَاشِمُ بْنُ بَنْجُورٍ فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ. وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ: وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْجُمَحِيُّ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ .
Translation
✧ Mention of the prominent figures who died in this year. Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ribāṭī Aḥmad b. Saʿīd, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ribāṭī. From the people of Marw. He heard Wakīʿ b. al-Jarrāḥ, ʿAbd al-Razzāq b. Hammām, and many [others]. Al-Bukhārī and Muslim narrated from him in the two Ṣaḥīḥs. He was reliable, virtuous, discerning, and learned, [of the people of the Sunnah]. He died in this year. Aḥmad b. Saʿīd al-Ribāṭī said: I came to Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal, and he kept not raising his head to me. I said: O Abū ʿAbd Allāh, it is written from me in Khurāsān. If you treat me with this treatment, they will reject my ḥadīth. He said to me: O Aḥmad, is there any escape on the Day of Resurrection [from it being said: Where is ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir and his followers? See where you are in relation to him? He said: I said: O Abū ʿAbd Allāh, he only appointed me over the frontier post, and for that reason I entered it. He said: Then he kept repeating to me: O Aḥmad, is there any escape on the Day of Resurrection from it being said], “Where is ʿAbd Allāh [b. Ṭāhir] and his followers?” So see where you are in it. Ibrāhīm b. al-ʿAbbās b. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm b. al-ʿAbbās b. Muḥammad [b. Ṣūl], a client of Yazīd b. al-Muhallab, Abū Isḥāq; his origin was from Khurāsān. He narrated from ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Riḍā. He was among the most poetic of the secretaries and the most eloquent of tongue. Ṣūl, his paternal grandfather, and Fayrūz were two Turkish brothers, kings in Jurjān, professing Magianism. When Yazīd b. al-Muhallab entered Jurjān, he granted them safety, and Ṣūl embraced Islam at his hands and remained with him. Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā Thaʿlab said: Ibrāhīm b. al-ʿAbbās al-Kātib recited to us his own verses: How many griefs and pangs have I swallowed; when a new grief appears, it makes the past seem easy, And how often I became angry, but you paid no heed to my anger, Until I returned with a heart both resentful and content. Al-Ṣūlī said: It is as if he took it from the saying of his maternal uncle al-ʿAbbās b. al-Aḥnaf: I learned the colors of contentment for fear of her blame, And my love taught her how to be angry. I have another face whose path I know, But without a heart, where can I go? Ibrāhīm died in Shaʿbān of this year in Sāmarrāʾ. Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Miṣrī Aḥmad b. ʿĪsā, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Miṣrī. He related from al-Mufaḍḍal b. Faḍālah, Rishdīn b. Saʿd, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Wahb. He used to trade to Iraq, so he traded to Tustar, and he was called al-Tustarī. He settled in Iraq, and died in Baghdad [in this year]. Ḥarmalah b. Yaḥyā b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥarmalah Ḥarmalah b. Yaḥyā b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥarmalah b. ʿImrān, Abū Ḥafṣ. He was born in the year 166, and died in Shawwāl of this year. Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Muḥāsibī Al-Ḥārith b. Asad, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Muḥāsibī. He related from Yazīd b. Hārūn. He has books on asceticism and spiritual dealings. Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Masrūq said: I heard al-Ḥārith al-Muḥāsibī say: Three things are rare or nonexistent: Beauty of face with chastity; good character with religiousness; and good brotherhood with trustworthiness. Jaʿfar al-Khuldī said in his book: I heard al-Junayd say: Abū al-Ḥārith al-Muḥāsibī died on the day he died while al-Ḥārith was in need of a dāniq of silver, and he left behind much wealth, and he did not take from it a single grain, saying: People of two religions do not inherit from each other. His father was a Wāqifī. The compiler said: Imām Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal used to censure al-Ḥārith al-Muḥāsibī for his delving into kalām and to deter people from him. Aḥmad abandoned him, so he hid in his house in Baghdad and died there. Only four people prayed over him. He died in this year. Abū Bakr al-Ribʿī al-Baṣrī ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. al-Faḍl b. Khālid, Abū Bakr al-Ribʿī al-Baṣrī. He was known as al-Marāwiḥī because he was the first to introduce the manufacture of fans in Egypt. He related from ʿAbd Allāh b. Wahb, Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah, and Wakīʿ. He was a righteous man. He died in Egypt in Jumādā al-Ākhirah of this year. Abū ʿAbd al-Malik al-ʿAmmī al-Baṣrī [ʿUqbah b. Mukram, Abū ʿAbd al-Malik al-ʿAmmī al-Baṣrī. He came to Baghdad and related there from Ghundar. Muslim narrated from him in his Ṣaḥīḥ, as did al-Baghawī and Ibn Ṣāʿid. He was reliable. He died in Basra in this year.] Abū Hammām al-Sakūnī al-Baghdādī Al-Walīd b. Shujāʿ b. al-Walīd b. Qays, Abū Hammām al-Sakūnī al-Baghdādī, of Kufan origin. He heard ʿAlī b. Mushir, Sharīk b. ʿAbd Allāh, ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Mubārak, and others. Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī, ʿAbbās al-Dūrī, and al-Baghawī narrated from him. He died in this year in Baghdad. Abū Yaḥyā, the mustamlī of Abū Hammām, said: I saw Abū Hammām in a dream, and on his head were hanging lanterns. I said: O Abū Hammām, by what did you attain these lanterns? He said: This is for the ḥadīth of the Ḥawḍ, this for the ḥadīth of intercession, this for the ḥadīth of such-and-such, and this for the ḥadīth of such-and-such. Abū Mūsā al-Bazzāz, known as al-Ḥammāl Hārūn b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Marwān, Abū Mūsā al-Bazzāz, known as al-Ḥammāl. He heard Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah, Sayyār b. Ḥātim, Rawḥ b. ʿUbādah, and others. Muslim b. al-Ḥajjāj, Ibrāhīm al-Ḥarbī, al-Baghawī, and Ibn Ṣāʿid narrated from him. He was a ḥāfiẓ and truthful. Hārūn b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥammāl said: Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal came to me at night and knocked on my door. I said: Who is this? He said: I am Aḥmad. I hurried to him, and he touched me and I touched him. I said: A need, O Abū ʿAbd Allāh? He said: Yes, today you occupied my heart. I said: With what, O Abū ʿAbd Allāh? He said: I passed by you today while you were sitting relating to the people in the shade, while the people were in the sun with pens and notebooks in their hands. Do not do that again. When you sit, sit among the people. Hārūn died in Shawwāl of this year. It is said: in the year 248, but that is not correct. Abū al-Sarī al-Dārimī al-Kūfī Hannād b. al-Sarī, Abū al-Sarī al-Dārimī al-Kūfī. He heard Abū al-Aḥwaṣ, Wakīʿ, and many others. Aḥmad b. Salamah said: Hannād b. al-Sarī wept often. One day I was with him in his mosque. When he finished the recitation, he returned to his house, performed ablution, and went back to the mosque. He stood on his feet and prayed until noon. Then he returned to his house, performed ablution, and went back to the mosque and led us in the noon prayer. Then he stood on his feet praying until the afternoon, raising his voice with the Qurʾān and weeping profusely, and he prayed until the afternoon. Then he led us in the afternoon prayer. He came to the mosque and kept reciting the Qurʾān until nightfall. I prayed the sunset prayer with him, and I said to one of his neighbors: How patient he is in worship! They said: This is his worship by day for seventy years. How would it be if you saw his worship at night! He never married, nor took a concubine. He was called the worshipper of Kufa. Al-Bukhārī said: Hannād b. al-Sarī died on Wednesday, the last day of Rabīʿ al-Awwal, in the year 243. Yaʿqūb b. Isḥāq al-Sikkīt Yaʿqūb b. Isḥāq al-Sikkīt, Abū Yūsuf, the grammarian and lexicographer. Author of the book “Iṣlāḥ al-Manṭiq.” His father was the one known as al-Sikkīt. He was among the people of virtue, religion, and trustworthiness. He used to teach children at the beginning of his career, then he rose until he taught the son of al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh. He narrated from Abū ʿAmr al-Shaybānī, and Abū Saʿīd al-Sukkarī related from him. Al-Mubarrad used to say: I have not seen for the Baghdādīs a book better than the book of Yaʿqūb b. al-Sikkīt on logic/language. Abū al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī said: We were in the assembly of al-Liḥyānī. One day he said: The Arabs say “a loaded one who seeks help with his chin,” [meaning the camel]. Ibn al-Sikkīt, who was young at the time, stood up and said: O Abū al-Ḥusayn, it is only that the Arabs say: “a loaded one who seeks help with his sides,” meaning the camel when it rises with a load [it seeks help with its flanks]. So al-Liḥyānī stopped dictating. In the next assembly, he dictated and said: The Arabs say: “He is my neighbor mukāshirī.” Ibn al-Sikkīt stood up and said: May God honor you, what is the meaning of mukāshirī? It is only mukāsirī: he broke his house next to the breaking of my house (i.e., adjacent). So al-Liḥyānī stopped dictating and never dictated anything after that. Yaʿqūb b. al-Sikkīt died in Rajab of this year. It is said: in the year 244. It is also said: in the year 246, and he had reached the age of fifty-eight. These two verses are by Ibn al-Sikkīt: Among people is one who loves you with a love Outward in affection, not lacking, But when you ask him for ten fils, He attaches the love to the Subtle, the All-Aware. Yaḥyā b. Aktham b. Muḥammad b. Qaṭan b. Samʿān al-Tamīmī Yaḥyā b. Aktham b. Muḥammad b. Qaṭan b. Samʿān al-Tamīmī, from the descendants of Aktham b. Ṣayfī, his kunyah was Abū Muḥammad. He heard ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Mubārak, al-Faḍl b. Mūsā al-Shaybānī, Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd, Ibn Idrīs, Ibn ʿUyaynah, al-Darāwardī, ʿĪsā b. Yūnus, Wakīʿ b. al-Jarrāḥ, and others. ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī, al-Bukhārī, and others narrated from him. He was learned in fiqh, discerning in legal rulings, and possessed various sciences. Al-Maʾmūn recognized his excellence, and no one surpassed him in his eyes. He appointed him as judge in Baghdad and entrusted him with the office of chief judge and the administration of the people of his kingdom. The viziers did not act in any matter of governance except after consulting Yaḥyā b. Aktham. No one dominated the authority of al-Maʾmūn in his time except Yaḥyā b. Aktham and Ibn Abī Duʾād. ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī said: Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah came out to the ḥadīth scholars, and he was vexed. He said: Is it not from misery that I sat with Ḍamrah b. Saʿīd, and Ḍamrah sat with Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī; I sat with ʿAmr b. Dīnār, and he sat with Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh; I sat with ʿAbd Allāh b. Dīnār, and he sat with Ibn ʿUmar; I sat with al-Zuhrī, and he sat with Anas b. Mālik — and he enumerated a group — then I am sitting with you! A young man in the assembly said to him: Will you be fair, O Abū Muḥammad? He said: If God wills. He said to him: By God, the misery of one who sat with the Companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ because of you is more severe than your misery because of us. Sufyān lowered his head and recited the verse of Abū Nuwās: Leave aside your sides to Rāmī, And pass from him with peace. To die of the disease of silence is better For you than the disease of speech. Then he asked who the young man was. They said: Yaḥyā b. Aktham. Sufyān said: This young man is fit for the company of those — meaning the ruler. Abū ʿAlī ʿĪsā b. Muḥammad al-Ṭūmārī mentioned that he heard Abū Ḥāzim al-Qāḍī say: I heard my father say: Yaḥyā b. Aktham was appointed judge of Basra when he was twenty years old or so. He said: The people of Basra considered him too young. One of them said to him: How old is the judge? He realized that they considered him too young and said to him: I am older than ʿAttāb b. Asīd, whom the Prophet ﷺ sent as judge over Makkah on the day of the conquest. I am older than Muʿādh b. Jabal when the Prophet ﷺ sent him as judge over the people of Yemen. I am older than Kaʿb b. Sūr, whom ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb sent as judge over the people of Basra. He said: He remained for a year without accepting a single witness. He said: My father came forward to him — he was one of the trustworthy men — and said to him: O judge, you have halted matters and delayed. He said: And what is the reason for that? He said: The judge's failure to accept witnesses. He said: That day he accepted the testimony of seventy witnesses. Muḥammad b. Manṣūr said — and the wording is Abū al-ʿAynāʾ's —: We were with al-Maʾmūn on the road to Syria. He commanded that a proclamation be made permitting temporary marriage (mutʿah). Yaḥyā b. Aktham said to us: Go early to him tomorrow. If you see a way to speak, speak; otherwise hold back until I enter. He said: We entered upon him while he was cleaning his teeth — and he was angry — saying: Two mutʿahs existed during the time of the Messenger of God ﷺ and during the time of Abū Bakr, and I forbid them? Who are you, O one-eyed, to forbid what the Prophet ﷺ did? We held back. Then Yaḥyā came and sat, and we sat. Al-Maʾmūn said to Yaḥyā: Why do I see you changed? He said: It is grief, O Commander of the Faithful, for what has occurred in Islam. He said: And what has occurred in Islam? He said: The proclamation permitting fornication. He said: Fornication? He said: Yes, mutʿah is fornication. He said: From where do you say this? He said: From the Book of God, Mighty and Majestic, and the ḥadīth of His Messenger ﷺ. God, Exalted is He, said: “Successful are the believers, who are humble in their prayers… and those who guard their private parts, except from their spouses or what their right hands possess, for then they are not blameworthy; but whoever seeks beyond that, those are the transgressors” (Q 23:1-7). O Commander of the Faithful, is the wife of mutʿah a possession of the right hand? He said: No. He said: Then is she the wife who, with God, inherits and is inherited from, and to whom the child is attributed, and who has her conditions? He said: No. He said: Then whoever goes beyond these two is among the transgressors. And this al-Zuhrī, O Commander of the Faithful, narrated from ʿUbayd Allāh and al-Ḥusayn, the two sons of Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafiyyah, from their father Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, from ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ, who said: The Messenger of God ﷺ commanded me to proclaim the prohibition of mutʿah and its forbiddance, after he had commanded it. Al-Maʾmūn turned to us and said: Do you memorize this from the ḥadīth of al-Zuhrī? We said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful; a group narrated it, among them Mālik. He said: I seek God's forgiveness. Proclaim the prohibition of mutʿah. So they proclaimed its prohibition. Al-Ṣūlī said: I heard Ismāʿīl b. Isḥāq say, when Yaḥyā b. Aktham was mentioned, and he extolled his matter and said: He had a day in Islam that no one else had the like of. And he mentioned the like of this day. A man said to him: What was said about him? He said: God forbid that the probity of one like him be removed by the accusation of a transgressor and envier. His books on fiqh were the most excellent books, but people abandoned them because of their length. The compiler, may God have mercy on him, said: When al-Mutawakkil became caliph, he placed Yaḥyā in the rank of Aḥmad b. Abī Duʾād and bestowed upon him five robes of honor. Then he dismissed him in favor of Jaʿfar b. ʿAbd al-Wāḥid. Al-Mutawakkil became angry with him and ordered the seizure of his properties. Then he entered the City of Peace (Baghdad), and al-Mutawakkil commanded him to stay in his house. And ʿAlī b. Muslim al-Kātib said: The two sons of Masʿada entered upon Yaḥyā b. Aktham — and they were at the utmost of beauty — and when he saw them walking in the courtyard, he began to recite: O you two visitors from the tents, may God greet you with peace. You did not come to me while I have any vigor, neither for the lawful nor the unlawful. It grieves me that you both stopped by me, and I have nothing but words. Then he seated them before him and began jesting with them until they departed. Abū Bakr b. al-Anbārī said: I heard more than one of our shaykhs relate that Yaḥyā was dismissed from the judiciary because of these verses which he recited when the two sons of Masʿada entered upon him. And Abū Isḥāq al-Hujaymī said: I heard Abū al-ʿAynāʾ say: Yaḥyā b. Aktham took charge of the bureau of alms for the blind (al-aḍirrāʾ) and did not give them anything. They demanded from him again and again, but he did not give them. So they left, then gathered and demanded from him, but he did not give them. When he departed from the Great Mosque of al-Ruṣāfa after the judicial session, they asked him and demanded from him. He said: "You have nothing [with me nor] with the Commander of the Faithful." They said: "If we stand with you until tomorrow, will you not add anything to this statement?" He said: "No." They said: "Do not do that, O Abū Saʿīd!" He said: "The prison, the prison." So he ordered them imprisoned, all of them. When night fell, they raised an outcry. Al-Maʾmūn said: "What is this?" They said: "The blind — Yaḥyā b. Aktham has imprisoned them." He said: "Why did he imprison them?" They said: "They gave him a kunya, so he imprisoned them." He summoned him and said to him: "[The blind] — you imprisoned them because they gave you a kunya!" He said: "[O Commander of the Faithful,] I did not imprison them for that. I imprisoned them only for insinuation (al-taʿrīḍ). They said to me, 'O Abū Saʿīd,' insinuating about an old man who engages in sodomy in the ruin (al-khurayba)." And Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad b. Yaʿqūb said: Yaḥyā b. Aktham was intensely envious and was a great seducer of people. When he looked at a man who knew jurisprudence, he would ask him about ḥadīth; and when he saw him knowing ḥadīth, he would ask him about grammar; and when he saw him knowing grammar, he would ask him about theology — in order to cut him off and shame him. A sharp, retentive man from the people of Khurasan entered upon him and debated with him, and he found him to be an inveterate seducer. He said to him: "Have you studied ḥadīth?" He said: "Yes!" He said: "What do you memorize among the uṣūl (foundational texts)?" He said: "I memorize [from] Sharīk, from Abū Isḥāq, from al-Ḥārith: that ʿAlī ؓ stoned a sodomite." So he fell silent and did not speak to him. And Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Miqdām said: Ibn Abī ʿAmmār b. Abī al-Khaṣīb sought the aid of Yaḥyā b. Aktham against the heirs of his father, and he was outstandingly handsome. He said: "O judge, aid me against them." He said: "And who will aid me [myself] against your eyes?" He said: "So his mother fled with him to Baghdad. She said to him, after she had come before him: 'By God, I will not carry out any judgment for you unless you send him back, for he is more deserving of being sought than you.'" Ibn al-Marzubān said: Zaydān the scribe used to write in the presence of Yaḥyā b. Aktham the judge, and he was exceedingly handsome. The judge pinched his cheek, and he became embarrassed and ashamed, and he dropped the pen from his hand. Yaḥyā said to him: "Write what I dictate to you." Then he recited: O full moon whom I fondled and he became angry, and he has turned away from me in his haughtiness. If you dislike fondling and love, then always, O my master, wear a veil, And do not show your side-locks as a temptation to people, and place above your cheeks a scorpion from them, So you kill a lovesick one and tempt a devout worshipper, and leave the judge of the Muslims tormented. And Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Maʾmūn said: Al-Maʾmūn said to Yaḥyā b. Aktham: "Who is it who says: A judge who sees the prescribed punishment for fornication, but sees no harm upon one who commits sodomy?" He said: "Does the Commander of the Faithful not know who said it?" He said: "No." He said: "The wicked Aḥmad b. Abī Nuʿaym says it, who also says: Our commander takes bribes and our ruler commits sodomy, and the head is the worst thing that heads. I do not think tyranny will ever end while over the community is a governor from the house of ʿAbbās." He said: "So al-Maʾmūn was silenced and fell quiet out of shame, and said: 'Aḥmad b. Abī Nuʿaym ought to be exiled to Sind.'" And Abū ʿAlī Ṣāliḥ b. Muḥammad al-Baghdādī said: He used to transmit from ʿAbd Allāh b. Idrīs ḥadīths which we did not hear. And Abū al-Fatḥ al-Azdī said: He related strange things from the trustworthy (al-thiqāt) which are not corroborated. The compiler said: Yaḥyā b. Aktham had gone out to Makkah and resolved to reside there permanently, but news reached him that al-Mutawakkil's heart had been reconciled to him, so he returned intending Iraq. When he reached al-Rabadha, he died there and was buried there in this year. It is also said: in the year 242, and he was eighty-three years old. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ṣayrafī said: A neighbor of ours saw Yaḥyā b. Aktham after his death in a dream, and said to him: "What has God done with you?" He said: "I stood before Him, and He said to me: 'Shame on you, O old man!' I said: 'O Lord, Your Messenger ﷺ said: "You are too ashamed to punish the sons of eighty," and I am a son of eighty, traveling for God in the land.' He said to me: 'My Messenger has spoken truthfully. I have forgiven you.'" And Muḥammad b. Sallam al-Khawwāṣ said: I saw Yaḥyā b. Aktham the judge in a dream, and I said to him: "What has God done with you?" He said to me: "He made me stand before Him and said to me: 'O evil old man! Were it not for your gray hair, I would burn you with fire.' Then I was seized by what seizes a slave before his master. When I recovered, He said to me: 'O evil old man! Were it not for your gray hair, I would burn you [with fire].' Then I was seized by what seizes a slave before his master. When I recovered, He said to me: 'O evil old man! Were it not for your gray hair, I would burn you with fire.' When I recovered, I said: 'O Lord, this is not how I narrated from You.' God, exalted be He, said: 'And what did you narrate from Me?' — and He knows best about that. I said: 'From Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī, from Anas b. Mālik, from Your Prophet ﷺ, from Jibrīl, from You, O Mighty One, that You said: "No servant of Mine grows a single gray hair in Islam except that I am too ashamed to punish him with fire."' Then God, mighty and glorious be He, said: 'ʿAbd al-Razzāq spoke truthfully, Maʿmar spoke truthfully, al-Zuhrī spoke truthfully, Anas spoke truthfully, My Prophet spoke truthfully, Jibrīl spoke truthfully, and I said that. Take him away to Paradise.'" And in this year died Suhayd b. ʿĪsā b. Suhayd al-Andalusī, and he was one of the scholars. Ibn Jarīr said: In this year died Ibrāhīm b. al-ʿAbbās, so al-Ḥasan b. Makhlad b. al-Jarrāḥ succeeded Ibrāhīm as head of the bureau of estates in Shaʿbān. I say: Ibrāhīm b. al-ʿAbbās b. Muḥammad b. Ṣūl al-Ṣūlī, the famous poet and scribe, and he was the paternal uncle of Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā al-Ṣūlī. His grandfather Ṣūl was king of Jurjān, and his origin was from there; then he became a Zoroastrian and then converted to Islam at the hands of Yazīd b. al-Muhallab b. Abī Ṣufra. Ibrāhīm has a collected volume of poetry mentioned by Ibn Khillikān, who admired several of his poems; among them is his saying: Many a calamity by which a young man is sorely distressed has, with God, a way out. It became constricted, and when its rings were drawn tight, it was relieved, though he thought it would never be relieved. Among them also is his saying: You were the black of my eye, so the beholder weeps for you. Let whoever wishes die after you; it was for you that I feared. And among them is what he wrote to the vizier of al-Muʿtaṣim, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. al-Zayyāt: You were my brother in the brotherhood of time, but when time turned hostile, you became a fierce war. I used to complain to you about time, but now I complain about you to time. I used to count on you for calamities, and now I seek safety from you. And his is: Let not the ease of a comfortable life, in tranquility, keep you from longing for family and homeland. In every land you settle, you will meet a people with a people, and neighbors with neighbors. His death occurred in the middle of Shaʿbān of this year in Surra man raʾā, may God have mercy on him. He said: And Hāshim b. Banjūr died in Dhū al-Ḥijja. And in this year died: ʿAbd Allāh b. Muʿāwiya al-Jumaḥī, and Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-ʿAdanī.
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