Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3259
The Year 213 AH
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ 1197 - أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ صُبَيْحٍ، أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْكَاتِبُ مَوْلَى بَنِي عِجْلٍ . كَانَ مَنْ أُفَاضِلُ كُتَّابِ الْمَأْمُونِ وَأَذْكَاهُمْ، وَأَفْطَنَهُمْ وَأَجْمَعَهُمْ لِلْمَحَاسِنِ، وَكَانَ فَصِيحًا مَلِيحَ الْخَطِّ يَقُولُ الشِّعْرَ، وَزَرَ لِلْمَأْمُونِ بَعْدَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ [أَبِي] خَالِدٍ. قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَشْرَفَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ وَهُوَ يَمُوتُ عَلَى بُسْتَانٍ لَهُ [عَلَى] شَاطِئِ دِجْلَةَ، فَجَعَلَ يَتَأَمَّلُهُ وَيَتَأَمَّلُ دِجْلَةَ، ثُمَّ تَنَفَّسَ وَقَالَ مُتَمَثِّلًا: مَا أَطْيَبَ الْعَيْشَ لَوْلَا مَوْتُ صَاحِبِهِ فَفِيهِ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ عَيْبٍ لَعَائِبِهِ قَالَ: فَمَا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ. وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1198 - أَسَدُ بْنُ الْفُرَاتِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْفَقِيهُ . قَاضِي إِفْرِيقِيَةَ مَغْرِبِيٌّ صَاحِبُ الْكُتُبِ عَلَى مَذْهَبِ مَالِكٍ الْمَعْرُوفَةِ بِالْأَسَدِيَّةِ. وُلِدَ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ الْمُوَطَّأُ عَنْ مَالِكٍ، وَأَقَامَ بِالْكُوفَةِ، فَكَتَبَ عَنْ أَهْلِهَا وَكَتَبَ بِالرَّيِّ عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ. وَتُوُفِّيَ بِصِقِلِّيَةَ فِي رَبِيعٍ الْآخِرِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَهُوَ مُحَاصَرٌ بِسَرْقُوسَةَ، وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ تِلْكَ السَّرِيَّةِ. 1199 - أَسْوَدُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَابِدُ. سَمِعَ حَمَّادَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، وَسُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ عُلَيَّةَ، وَغَيْرَهُمْ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً وَرِعًا فَاضِلًا . وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مَعْرُوفٍ الْكَرْخِيِّ مُؤَاخَاةٌ وَمَوَدَّةٌ. قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ الْقَاضِي كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَسْوَدَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَقَدْ كَانَ يُسْتَعْمَلُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا [ثُمَّ تَرَكَ ذَاكَ] فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ: هَيْهَاتَ ذَهَبَ ذَاكَ، كُنْتُ لَيْلَةً بَارِدَةً قَدْ قُمْتُ فِي السَّحَرِ فَأَنَا أَسْتَعْمِلُ مَا كُنْتُ أَسْتَعْمِلُهُ، فَإِذَا هَاتِفٌ هَتَفَ بِي فَقَالَ: يَا أَسْوَدُ مَا هَذَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ " إِذَا جَاوَزَ الْوُضُوءُ ثَلَاثًا لَمْ تَرْتَفِعْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ". قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أَجِنِّيٌّ؟ وَيْحَكَ مَنْ تَكُونُ؟ قَالَ: مَا هُوَ إِلَّا مَا تَسْمَعُ. فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ أَنْتَ عَافَاكَ اللَّهُ؟ قَالَ: يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ إِذَا جَاوَزَ الْوُضُوءُ ثَلَاثًا لَمْ تَرْتَفِعْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: لَا أَعُودُ [لَا أَعُودُ] فَأَنَا الْيَوْمُ يَكْفِينِي كَفٌّ مِنْ مَاءٍ. قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَاكِمِ الصَّاغَانِيُّ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي اغْتَبْتُ أَسْوَدَ بْنَ سَالِمٍ، فَأُتِيتُ فِي مَنَامِي فَقِيلَ لِي: تَغْتَابُ وَلِيًّا مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ لَوْ رَكِبَ حَائِطًا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ سِرْ لَسَارَ. 1200 - بِشْرُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَزْهَرِ الْقَاضِي [النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ] . وَاسْمُ أَبِي الْأَزْهَرِ: يَزِيدُ، وَكُنْيَةُ بِشْرٍ: أَبُو سَهْلٍ. كَانَ مِنْ أَعْيَانِ فُقَهَاءِ الْكُوفِيِّينَ وَزُهَّادِهِمْ. سَمِعَ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكَ، وَابْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَأَبَا مُعَاوِيَةً، وَغَيْرَهُمْ. وَتَفَقَّهَ عَلَى أَبِي يُوسُفَ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ: سَمِعْتُ بِشْرَ بْنَ أَبِي الْأَزْهَرِ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَأَخْطَأَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ: كُنْتُ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ آتِيَ الطَّاهِرِيَّ - يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ طَاهِرٍ - فَأَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَأْمُرَ الْحُرَّاسَ فَيُنَادُوا فِي الْبَلَدِ فِي النَّاسِ: مَنْ سَأَلَ بِشْرَ بْنَ أَبِي الْأَزْهَرِ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فِي النِّكَاحِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَخْطَأَ فِيهَا، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ: أَنَا أَعْرِفُ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي سَأَلَكَ عَنِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ هُوَ فِي مَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا. فَأَتَى بِهِ فَرَجَعَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ ذَلِكَ وَبَصَّرَهُ بِالصَّوَابِ. تُوُفِّيَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1201 - ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ أَشْرَسَ أَبُو مَعِينٍ النَّمَيْرِيُّ. أَحَدُ الْمُعْتَزِلَةِ الْبَصْرِيِّينَ ، وَرَدَ بَغْدَادَ، وَاتَّصَلَ بِالرَّشِيدِ وَغَيْرِهِ مِنَ الْخُلَفَاءِ، وَحَكَى عَنْهُ الْجَاحِظُ وَغَيْرُهُ. وَرَوَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصُّولِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الْمُقَدَّمِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَرَجَ ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ أَشْرَسَ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَهُوَ سَكْرَانُ، فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالْمَأْمُونِ قَدْ رَكِبَ فِي نَفَرٍ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ثُمَامَةَ عَدَلَ عَنْ طَرِيقِهِ وَبَصُرَ بِهِ الْمَأْمُونُ فَضَرَبَ كَفَلَ دَابَّتِهِ وَحَاذَاهُ، فَوَقَفَ ثُمَامَةُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ: ثُمَامَةُ، قَالَ: إِي وَاللَّهِ، قَالَ: سَكْرَانُ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: أَفَتَعْرِفُنِي؟ قَالَ: إِي وَاللَّهِ،. قَالَ: مَنْ أَنَا؟ قَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي، فَضَحِكَ الْمَأْمُونُ حَتَّى انْثَنَى عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ، قَالَ: عَلَيْكَ لِعَائِنُ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: تَتْرَى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَعَادَ فِي الضَّحِكِ. قَالَ ثُمَامَةُ: دَخَلْتُ إِلَى صَدِيقٍ لِي أُعُودُهُ وَتَرَكْتُ حِمَارِي عَلَى الْبَابِ فَخَرَجْتُ، وَإِذَا فَوْقَهُ صَبِيٌّ، فَقَالَ: حَفِظْتُهُ لَكَ، قُلْتُ: لَوْ ذَهَبَ كَانَ أَعْجَبَ إِلَيَّ قَالَ: فَاحْسُبْهُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ وَهَبْهُ لِي وَارْبَحْ شُكْرِي، فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا أَقُولُ [لَهُ]. وعَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ: أَنَّ الرَّشِيدَ لَمَّا غَضِبَ عَلَى ثُمَامَةَ دَفَعَهُ إِلَى سَلَامٍ الْأَبْرَشِ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُضَيِّقَ عَلَيْهِ، وَيُدْخِلَهُ بَيْتًا وَيُطْبِقَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَتْرُكَ فِيهِ ثُقْبًا، فَفَعَلَ دُونَ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ يَدُسُّ إِلَيْهِ الطَّعَامَ، فَجَلَسَ سَلَامٌ عَشِيَّةً يَقْرَأُ فِي الْمُصْحَفِ فَقَرَأَ: وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ ثُمَامَةُ: إِنَّمَا هُوَ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ، وَجَعَلَ يَشْرَحُهُ وَيَقُولُ: الْمُكَذِّبُونَ هُمُ الرُّسُلُ، وَالْمُكَذِّبُونَ هُمُ الْكُفَّارُ، فَقَالَ: قَدْ قِيلَ لِي إِنَّكَ زِنْدِيقٌ وَلَمْ أَقْبَلْ، ثُمَّ ضَيَّقَ عَلَيْهِ أَشَدَّ الضِّيقِ! ثُمَّ رَضِيَ الرَّشِيدُ عَنْ ثُمَامَةَ وَجَالَسَهُ. فَقَالَ: أَخْبَرُونِي مَنْ أَسْوَأُ النَّاسِ حَالًا؟ فَقَالَ كُلٌّ وَاحِدٌ شَيْئًا. قَالَ ثُمَامَةُ: فَبَلَغَ الْقَوْلُ إِلَيَّ، فَقُلْتُ: عَاقِلٌ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِ حُكْمُ جَاهِلٍ فَتَبَيَّنْتُ الْغَضَبَ فِي وَجْهِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، مَا أَحْسَبُنِي وَقَعْتُ بِحَيْثُ أَرَدْتَ؟ قَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ فَاشْرَحْ لِي، فَحَدَّثْتُهُ بِحَدِيثِ سَلَامٍ، فَجَعَلَ يَضْحَكُ حَتَّى اسْتَلْقَى، وَقَالَ: صَدَقْتَ وَاللَّهِ، لَقَدْ كُنْتَ أَسْوَأَ النَّاسِ حَالًا. قَالَ أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ عَبْدُ الْقَاهِرِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ: قُتِلَ ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ أَشْرَسَ النُّمَيْرِيُّ وَهُوَ زَعِيمُ الْمُعْتَزِلَةِ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ [بِدْعَةٍ وَمِنْ أَجْلِ] سَعْيِهِ فِي دَمِ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ الْخُزَاعِيِّ، قَتَلَهُ بَنُو خُزَاعَةَ. 1202 - عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْهَمَذَانِيُّ. تَحَوَّلَ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ فَنَزَلَ الْخَرَبِيَّةَ بِنَاحِيَةِ الْبَصْرَةِ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً نَاسِكًا ، سَمِعَ الْأَعْمَشَ وَغَيْرَهُ. قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ الْحَطَبِيُّ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: كَتَبْتُ الْحَدِيثَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ حَيٌّ، وَلَمْ أَقْصِدْهُ لِأَنِّي كُنْتُ فِي بَيْتِ عَمَّتِي وَلَهَا بَنُونَ أَكْبَرُ مِنِّي، فَلَمْ أَرَهُمْ، فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: قَدْ مَضَوْا إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ، فَأَبْطَئُوا ثُمَّ جَاءُوا يَذُمُّونَهُ، وَقَالُوا: طَلَبْنَاهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَلَمْ نَجِدْهُ، وَقَالُوا: هُوَ فِي بُسَيْتِينَةٍ لَهُ بِالْقُرْبِ فَقَصَدْنَاهُ، فَإِذَا هُوَ فِيهَا فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَسَأَلْنَاهُ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَنَا، فَقَالَ: مُتِّعْتُ بِكُمْ أَنَا فِي شُغْلٍ عَنْ هَذَا هَذِهِ الْبُسَيْتِينَةِ لِي فِيهَا مَعَاشٌ وَتَحْتَاجُ أَنْ تُسْقَى، وَلَيْسَ لِي مَنْ يَسْقِيهَا. فَقُلْنَا نَحْنُ نُدِيرُ الدُّولَابَ وَنَسْقِيهَا قَالَ: فَافْعَلُوا، قَالَ: فَتَسَلَّحْنَا وَأَدَرْنَا الدُّولَابَ حَتَّى سَقَيْنَا الْبُسْتَانَ، ثُمَّ قُلْنَا لَهُ: حَدِّثْنَا الْآنَ، قَالَ: مُتِّعِتُ بِكُمْ، لَيْسَ لِي نِيَّةٌ فِي أَنَّ أُحَدِّثَكُمْ، وَأَنْتُمْ كَانَ لَكُمْ نِيَّةٌ تُؤْجَرُونَ عَلَيْهَا. تُوُفِّيَ الْجَرْمِيُّ فِي شَوَّالِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1203 - عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْهَرَوِيُّ. نَزِيلُ الْبَصْرَةِ، حَدَّثَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالْفُضَيْلِ، وَسُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: ابْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، وَابْنُ خَيْثَمَةَ، وَأَبُو زُرْعَةَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: هُوَ ثِقَةٌ . تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1204 - عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَبَلَةَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الشَّاعِرُ، الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْعَكَوَّكِ الضَّرِيرِ . وُلِدَ سَنَةَ سِتِّينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ فِي الْجُدَرِيِّ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ، مَدَحَ الْمَأْمُونَ وَأَبَا دَلَفٍ وَنَدَرَتْ مِنْ شِعْرِهِ نَوَادِرُ، وَسَارَتْ عَنْهُ أَمْثَالٌ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: الْجَاحِظُ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ هَارُونَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: مِنْ مُخْتَارِ شِعْرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي صَبْرَهَا أَوْ عِنْدَهَا جَزَعِي لَكُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ مَا آتِي وَمَا أَدَعُ لَا أَحْمِلُ اللَّوْمَ فِيهَا وَالْغَرَامَ بِهَا مَا حَمَّلَ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا فَوْقَ مَا تَسَعُ إِذَا دَعَى بِاسْمِهَا دَاعٍ فَأَسْمَعَنِي كَادَتْ لَهُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ مُهْجَتِي تَقَعُ وَلَمَّا مَدَحَ أَبَا دَلَفٍ بِقَصِيدَتِهِ الَّتِي أَوَّلُهَا: زَادَ زَوْرُ الْغَيِّ عَنْ صَدْرِهِ وَارْعَوَى وَاللَّهْوِ مِنْ وَطَرِهِ [وَأَبَتْ إِلَّا الْبُكَاءَ لَهُ ضَاحِكَاتُ الشَّيْبِ فِي شِعْرِهِ جَبَلٌ عَزَّتْ مَنَاكِبُهُ آمَنَتْ عَدْنَانُ فِي ثَغْرِهِ إِنَّمَا الدُّنْيَا أَبُو دَلَفٍ بَيْنَ نَادِيهِ وَمُحْتَضَرِهِ فَإِذَا وَلَّى أَبُو دَلَفٍ وَلَّتِ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى أَثَرِهِ يَا دَوَاءَ الْأَرْضِ إِنْ فَسَدَتْ وَبَدِيلَ الْيُسْرِ مِنْ عُسْرِهِ كُلُّ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَنْ عُرْبٍ بَيْنِ بَادِيهِ إِلَى حَضَرِهِ مُسْتَعِينٌ مِنْهُ مَكْرُمَةً يَكْتَسِيهَا يَوْمَ مُفْتَخَرِهِ ] وَلَمَّا أَنْشَدَ هَذِهِ الْقَصِيدَةَ أَمَرَ لَهُ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَبَكَى وَقَالَ: لَمْ أَقْضِ حَقَّهُ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ مَا كُنْتُ قَاضِيَهُ حَقَّهُ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَبَلَةَ: وَكُنْتُ لَا أَدْخُلُ عَلَى أَبِي دَلَفٍ إِلَّا يَلْقَانِي بِبَرٍّ فَلَمَّا أَفْرَطَ انْقَطَعْتُ عَنْهُ حَيَاءً مِنْهُ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَخَاهُ يَقُولُ: لِمَ هَجَرْتَنَا؟ فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ: هَجَرْتُكَ لَمْ أَهْجُرْكَ مِنْ كُفْرِ نِعْمَةٍ وَهَلْ يُرْتَجَى نَيْلُ الزِّيَادَةِ بِالْكُفْرِ وَلَكِنَّنِي لَمَّا أَتَيْتُكَ زَائِرًا فَأَفْرَطْتَ فِي بِرِّي عَجَزْتُ عَنِ الشُّكْرِ مِنَ الْآنِ لَا آتِيكَ إِلَّا مُسَلِّمًا أَزُورُكَ فِي الشَّهْرَيْنِ يَوْمًا وَفِي الشَّهْرِ فَإِنْ زِدْتَنِي بِرًّا تَزَايَدْتُ جَفْوَةً وَلَمْ تَلْقَنِي طُولَ الْحَيَاةِ إِلَى الْحَشْرِ فَلَمَّا وَصَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ: أَلَّا رُبَّ ضَيْفٍ طَارِقٍ قَدْ بَسَطْتُهُ وَآنَسْتُهُ قَبْلَ الضِّيَافَةِ بِالْبِشْرِ أَتَانِي يُرَجِّينِي فَمَا حَالَ دُونَهُ وَدُونَ الْقِرَى مِنْ نَائِلِي عِنْدَهُ سَتْرِي وَجَدْتُ لَهُ فَضْلًا عَلَيَّ بِقَصْدِهِ إِلَيَّ وَبِرًّا يَسْتَحِقُّ بِهِ شُكْرِي فَلَمْ يَعُدْ أَنْ أَدْنَيْتُهُ وَابْتَدَأْتُهُ بِبِشْرٍ وَإِكْرَامٍ وَبِرٍّ عَلَى بِرِّ وَزَوَّدْتُهُ مَالًا قَلِيلًا بَقَاؤُهُ وَزَوَّدَنِي مَدْحًا يَدُومُ عَلَى الدَّهْرِ ثُمَّ وَجَّهَ الْأَبْيَاتَ مَعَ وَصَيْفٍ يَحْمِلُ كِيسًا فِيهِ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ. وَمَدَحَ حُمَيْدًا الطُّوسِيَّ فَبَالَغَ فِي مَدْحِهِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: مَا بَلَغْتَ فِي مَدْحِ أَحَدٍ، مَا بَلَغْتَ فِي مَدْحِ حُمَيْدٍ فَقَالَ: وَكَيْفَ لَا أَفْعَلُ؟ وَأَدْنَى مَا وَصَلَ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُ أَنِّي أَهْدَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ قَصِيدَةً فِي يَوْمِ نَيْرُوزٍ فَسُرَّ بِهَا وَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُحْمَلَ إِلَيَّ كُلَّمَا أُهْدِيَ لَهُ، فَحَمَلَ إِلَيَّ مَا قِيمَتُهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ. وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ لَمَّا بَلَغَهُ مَا بَلَغَ فِيهِ [عَلِيُّ] بْنُ جَبَلَةَ مِنْ مَدْحِ أَبِي دَلَفٍ طَلَبَهُ فَجِيءَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: فَضَّلْتَ أَبَا دَلَفٍ عَلَى الْعَرَبِ كُلِّهَا، وَأَدْخَلْتَ فِي ذَلِكَ قُرَيْشًا وَآلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعِتْرَتَهُ، وَأَنَا لَا أَسْتَحِلُّ دَمَكَ بِهَذَا بَلْ بِكُفْرِكَ فِي شِعْرِكَ حَيْثُ تَقُولُ: أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُنْزِلُ الْأَيَّامَ مَنْزِلَهَا وَتَنْقُلَ الدَّهْرَ مِنْ حَالٍ إِلَى حَالِ وَمَا مَدَدْتُ مَدَى طَرَفٍ إِلَى أَحَدٍ إِلَّا قَضَيْتَ بِأَرْزَاقٍ وَآجَالِ مَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- سُلُّوا لِسَانَهُ مِنْ قَفَاهُ فَفُعِلَ بِهِ ذَلِكَ. وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ هَرَبَ مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ فَمَاتَ فِي تُوَارِيهِ بَغْدَادَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ. 1205 - عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أَبُو الْحَسَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ الدَّارَكَانِيُّ: وَهِيَ قَرْيَةٌ بِمَرْوَ يَنْزِلُهَا الْحَاجُّ إِذَا خَرَجُوا مِنْ مَرْوَ. وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ. وَرَوَى عَنْهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ. [وَكَانَ ثِقَةً صَدُوقًا . تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1206 - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَابِقٍ، أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ. وَقِيلَ: أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْبَزَّازُ، مَوْلَى بَنِي تَمِيمٍ. حَدَّثَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ مِغْوَلٍ وَغَيْرِهِ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ] وَأَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ، وَعَبَّاسٌ الدُّورِيُّ فِي آخَرِينَ، وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ. سُئِلَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَابِقٍ فَقَالَ: ضَعِيفٌ . عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ: أَخْبَرَنَا جَدِّي قَالَ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَابِقٍ كَانَ ثِقَةً صَدُوقًا. قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ: وَعَلَى هَذَا الْأَكْثَرُونَ فِي تَوْثِيقِهِ. تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ. 1207 - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ. رَوَى عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، وَالْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، وَزَائِدَةَ. وَسَكَنَ قَيْسَارِيَّةَ. وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. رَوَى السِّرِّيُّ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ أَمِيرُ الرَّيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي وَكَانَ قَائِدًا مِنْ قُوَّادِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَاهِرٍ وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ فَوَجَّهَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الشَّامِ فَخَرَجَ أَبِي فَكُنْتُ مَعَهُ، وَكَانَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ: هَاهُنَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ نَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الصِّيَامِ وَالْإِفْطَارِ؟ فَأَنَا عَلَى ظَهْرِ سَفَرٍ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: هَا هُنَا بِالْقُرْبِ مِنْكَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، صَاحِبُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، قَالَ: فَضَرَبَ بِعَسْكَرِهِ إِلَى بَابِ دَارِهِ. قَالَ: وَكَانَ لَهُ حَاجِبَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا عُزَيْرٌ، وَالْآخَرُ مِيكَالٌ، وَكَانَا عَلَى مُقَدَّمَتِهِ، فَتَقَدَّمَا إِلَى الْبَابِ، فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ أَنْ يَرْفُقَا فِي قَرْعِ الْبَابِ، فَقَرَعَا ثُمَّ وَقَفَا مَلِيًّا. فَخَرَجَتْ جَارِيَةٌ. تَخْدِمُ الْفِرْيَابِيَّ، فَقَالَا لَهَا: قُولِي لِلشَّيْخِ الْأَمِيرُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ بِالْبَابِ، قَالَ: فَمَضَتْ، ثُمَّ أَطَالَتْ، ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ فَقَالَتْ: يَقُولُ لَكُمُ الشَّيْخُ مَا حَاجَتُهُ؟ قَالَ: فَتَذَمَّرَا فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ أَنِ اسْكُتَا، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ: قَوْلِي لِلشَّيْخِ: إِنَّا عَلَى [ظَهْرِ] سَفَرٍ، وَقَدْ أَظَلَّنَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ، فَمَا تَرَى فِي الصِّيَامِ أَوِ الْإِفْطَارِ؟ قَالَ: فَمَضَتْ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَتْ بَعْدَ هُوِيٍّ فَقَالَتْ: يَقُولُ لَكُمُ الشَّيْخُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ فَأَنْتُمْ مُخَيَّرُونَ بَيْنَ الصِّيَامِ وَالْإِفْطَارِ، وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَجْمَعُوا بَيْنَ الْعِصْيَانِ وَالْإِفْطَارِ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَا نَظَرَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ إِلَى عُزَيْرٍ وَمِيكَالَ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا الْعِزُّ لَا الَّذِي نَحْنُ فِيهِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of those who died in this year among the notables 1197 - Aḥmad b. Yūsuf b. al-Qāsim b. Ṣubayḥ, Abū Jaʿfar al-Kātib, client of Banū ʿIjl. He was among the most excellent of al-Maʾmūn's secretaries and the most astute, the most intelligent, and the most comprehensive in virtues. He was eloquent, with beautiful handwriting, and composed poetry. He served as vizier for al-Maʾmūn after Aḥmad b. [Abī] Khālid. Al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān said: Aḥmad b. Yūsuf looked over a garden of his on the bank of the Tigris as he was dying. He kept gazing at it and at the Tigris, then sighed and said, quoting: How pleasant life would be were it not for the death of its possessor — in it is whatever you wish of faults for one who finds fault. He said: No sooner had we lowered him than he died. His death was in this year. 1198 - Asad b. al-Furāt b. Sinān, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Faqīh. Judge of Ifrīqiya, a Maghribī, author of the books according to the school of Mālik known as al-Asadiyya. He was born in the year 140. He had the Muwaṭṭaʾ from Mālik, and he resided in al-Kūfa, where he wrote from its people, and he wrote in al-Rayy from Jarīr b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. He died in Sicily in Rabīʿ II of this year. He was besieging Syracuse, and he was the commander of that raiding party. 1199 - Aswad b. Sālim, Abū Muḥammad al-ʿĀbid. He heard Ḥammād b. Zayd, Sufyān b. ʿUyayna, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUlayya, and others. He was trustworthy, pious, and virtuous. Between him and Maʿrūf al-Karkhī there was brotherhood and affection. Abū Yūsuf al-Qāḍī said: We were with Aswad b. Sālim, and he used to use a great deal of water [for ablution], then he abandoned that. A man came and asked him about that, and he said: Far from it — that is gone. On a cold night I had risen in the pre-dawn. While I was using what I used to use, a caller called out to me, saying: O Aswad, what is this? Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Anṣārī narrated to us from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib: "When ablution exceeds three times, it does not ascend to heaven." He said: I said: A jinn? Woe to you, who are you? He said: It is nothing but what you hear. I said: Who are you, may God grant you well-being? He said: Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Anṣārī. He said: He narrated to us from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib: When ablution exceeds three times, it does not ascend to heaven. He said: I said: I will not return [to it, I will not return]. Today a handful of water suffices me. Aḥmad b. al-Ḥākim al-Ṣāghānī said: A man came to Ibn Ḥumayd and said: I have backbitten Aswad b. Sālim. Then I was shown in my sleep and told: You backbite a friend of God's friends? If he mounted a wall and said to it "Move," it would move. 1200 - Bishr b. Abī al-Azhar al-Qāḍī [al-Naysābūrī]. Abū al-Azhar's name is Yazīd, and Bishr's kunya is Abū Sahl. He was among the leading jurists of the Kufans and their ascetics. He heard Ibn al-Mubārak, Ibn ʿUyayna, Abū Muʿāwiya, and others. He studied jurisprudence with Abū Yūsuf. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb said: I heard Bishr b. Abī al-Azhar when a man asked him about a question and he erred in it. He said: I had intended to go to al-Ṭāhirī — meaning ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir — and ask him to order the guards to call out in the city among the people: Whoever asks Bishr b. Abī al-Azhar about a question concerning marriage, he has erred in it. A man said to him: I know the man who asked you about the question. He is in such-and-such a place. So he brought him, and he retracted that statement of his and showed him the correct answer. He died in Ramaḍān of this year. 1201 - Thumāma b. Ashras, Abū Maʿīn al-Numayrī. One of the Basran Muʿtazilites. He came to Baghdad and attached himself to al-Rashīd and other caliphs. Al-Jāḥiẓ and others transmitted from him. Abū Bakr al-Ṣūlī narrated, saying: Al-Muqaddamī narrated to me, saying: Al-Ḥārith b. Abī Usāma narrated to us, saying: Al-Walīd b. ʿAbbās narrated to me, saying: Thumāma b. Ashras left his house after sunset while drunk, and there was al-Maʾmūn, who had mounted with a small group. When he saw Thumāma, he turned off his path, but al-Maʾmūn caught sight of him, struck the rump of his mount, and came alongside him. Thumāma stopped. Al-Maʾmūn said to him: Thumāma? He said: Yes, by God. He said: Are you drunk? He said: No. He said: Do you recognize me? He said: Yes, by God. He said: Who am I? He said: I do not know. Al-Maʾmūn laughed until he bent over from his mount. He said: God's curse be upon you. He said: In succession, O Commander of the Faithful. And he went back to laughing. Thumāma said: I entered to visit a sick friend of mine and left my donkey at the door. When I came out, there was a boy on top of it. He said: I kept it for you. I said: If it had gone, that would have been more pleasing to me. He said: Consider it gone, give it to me, and profit from my gratitude. I did not know what to say [to him]. From al-Ḥasan b. Rajāʾ: When al-Rashīd became angry with Thumāma, he handed him over to Sallām al-Abrash and ordered him to confine him tightly, put him in a room, seal it over him, and leave a hole in it. He did less than that and used to smuggle food to him. One evening Sallām sat reciting from the muṣḥaf and read: "Woe that Day to the deniers" (al-Mukadhdhibīn). Thumāma said to him: It is only "lil-mukadhdhibīn". He began to explain it, saying: The mukadhdhibūn are the messengers, and the mukadhdhabūn are the disbelievers. He said: I was told you were a heretic, and I did not accept it. Then he confined him with the severest confinement. Then al-Rashīd became pleased with Thumāma and sat with him. He said: Tell me who is the worst off of people? Each one said something. Thumāma said: The talk reached me, and I said: A rational man over whom the judgment of an ignorant man is imposed. I noticed anger in his face, so I said: O Commander of the Faithful, I do not think I hit where you wanted? He said: No, by God, so explain to me. So I told him the story of Sallām, and he kept laughing until he lay back, and said: You have spoken truly, by God. You were indeed the worst off of people. Abū Manṣūr ʿAbd al-Qāhir b. Ṭāhir al-Tamīmī said: Thumāma b. Ashras al-Numayrī, the leader of the Muʿtazila, was killed between al-Ṣafā and al-Marwa because of [an innovation and because of] his striving for the blood of Abū Aḥmad al-Khuzāʿī. Banū Khuzāʿa killed him. 1202 - ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd al-Hamadhānī. He moved from al-Kūfa and settled in al-Kharabiyya in the district of al-Baṣra. He was trustworthy and devout. He heard al-Aʿmash and others. Ismāʿīl al-Ḥaṭabī said: I heard Abū Muslim Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd Allāh say: I wrote down hadith while ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd was alive, but I did not seek him out because I was in the house of my paternal aunt, and she had sons older than me. I did not see them, so I asked about them, and they said: They have gone to ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd. They were delayed, then they came back disparaging him. They said: We looked for him in his house but did not find him. They said: He is in a little garden of his nearby, so we went to him. There he was in it. We greeted him and asked him to narrate to us. He said: May you be spared. I am too busy for this. This little garden is my livelihood, and it needs watering, and I have no one to water it. We said: We will turn the waterwheel and water it. He said: Do so. So we girded ourselves and turned the waterwheel until we watered the garden. Then we said to him: Narrate to us now. He said: May you be spared. I have no intention of narrating to you. You had an intention for which you will be rewarded. Al-Jarmī died in Shawwāl of this year. 1203 - ʿAbd Allāh b. Sinān al-Harawī. A resident of al-Baṣra. He narrated from Ibn al-Mubārak, al-Fuḍayl, and Sufyān b. ʿUyayna. Ibn al-Madīnī, Ibn Khaythama, and Abū Zurʿa narrated from him. Abū Dāwūd said: He is trustworthy. He died in this year. 1204 - ʿAlī b. Jabala b. Muslim, Abū al-Ḥasan the poet, known as al-ʿAkawwak the blind. He was born in the year 160, and his sight was lost to smallpox when he was seven years old. He praised al-Maʾmūn and Abū Dulaf, and rare gems appeared in his poetry, and proverbs circulated from him. Al-Jāḥiẓ narrated from him. ʿAlī b. Hārūn said: My father informed me, saying: Among the selected poetry of ʿAlī b. Jabala: If I had her patience, or she my anxiety, then I would know what to do and what to leave. I do not bear blame in her case, along with passion for her, God does not burden a soul beyond what it can bear. When a caller calls out her name and I hear it, a piece of my heart almost falls for him. When he praised Abū Dulaf with his ode that begins: The visitor of error increased from his breast, and he desisted from passion's desire. [And nothing but weeping for him was willed by the laughing white hairs in his hair. A mountain whose shoulders are mighty, ʿAdnān is safe in his frontier. The world is but Abū Dulaf, between his assembly and his presence. When Abū Dulaf departs, the world departs on his track. O remedy of the earth if it is corrupt, and substitute for ease from its hardship. Everyone on earth, Arab or not, between its desert and its settled land, seeks from him a noble deed to wear on the day of his boasting.] When he recited this ode, he ordered for him a hundred thousand dirhams and wept, saying: I have not fulfilled his due. By God, if I gave him a hundred thousand dinars, I would not have fulfilled his due. ʿAlī b. Jabala said: I never entered upon Abū Dulaf but that he met me with kindness. When he went to excess, I stayed away from him out of modesty before him. He sent his brother to me, saying: Why have you abandoned us? So I wrote to him: I abandoned you, not out of ingratitude for a favor, and can increase be hoped for through ingratitude? But when I came to you as a visitor, and you went to excess in kindness to me, I was unable to thank you. From now on I will not come to you except greeting, visiting you once a day in two months, or in a month. If you increase kindness to me, I will increase in avoidance, and you will not meet me for the rest of life until the gathering. When it reached him, he wrote to me: How many a night visitor have I welcomed, and made him feel at ease with cheer before hospitality. He came to me hoping, and nothing stood between him and hospitality from my bounty; with him my secret is open. I found him to have a merit over me by his coming to me, and a kindness deserving my thanks. He did no more than that I brought him near and began with cheer and honor and kindness upon kindness. I provided him with wealth whose permanence is little, and he provided me with praise that endures forever. Then he sent the verses with a servant carrying a purse containing a thousand dinars. He praised Ḥumayd al-Ṭūsī and exaggerated in his praise. It was said to him: You have not reached in praising anyone what you reached in praising Ḥumayd. He said: How could I not? The least of what reached me from him is that I presented to him an ode on the day of Nayrūz, and he was delighted with it and ordered that everything gifted to him be carried to me. So he carried to me what was worth a hundred thousand dirhams. We have narrated that when al-Maʾmūn learned of what ʿAlī b. Jabala had reached in praising Abū Dulaf, he sought him, and he was brought. He said to him: You have preferred Abū Dulaf over all the Arabs, and you have included in that Quraysh and the family of the Messenger of God ﷺ and his offspring. I do not deem your blood lawful for this, but rather for your unbelief in your poetry, where you say: You are the one who assigns days their places, and transfers time from state to state. I did not extend the reach of a glance to anyone but that you decreed provisions and terms. None is capable of that except God, mighty and majestic. Pull out his tongue from the back of his neck. And that was done to him. The sound account is that he fled from al-Maʾmūn and died while hiding in Baghdad in this year, and he could not get hold of him. 1205 - ʿAlī b. Isḥāq, Abū al-Ḥasan al-Sulamī, then al-Dārakānī: It is a village near Marw where pilgrims stop when they leave Marw. He was among the companions of Ibn al-Mubārak. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal narrated from him. [He was trustworthy and truthful. He died in this year. 1206 - Muḥammad b. Sābiq, Abū Jaʿfar. It is also said: Abū Saʿīd al-Bazzāz, client of Banū Tamīm. He narrated from Mālik b. Mighwal and others. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal] and Abū Khaythama and ʿAbbās al-Dūrī among others narrated from him. They disagreed about him. Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn was asked about Muḥammad b. Sābiq and said: Weak. From Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Yaʿqūb: My grandfather informed us, saying: Muḥammad b. Sābiq was trustworthy and truthful. The compiler said: The majority are upon this regarding his reliability. He died in this year. It is also said: in the year 214. 1207 - Muḥammad b. Yūsuf, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Firyābī. He narrated from Sufyān, al-Awzāʿī, and Zāʾida. He settled in Caesarea. He died in Rabīʿ I of this year. Al-Sarrī b. Muʿādh, governor of al-Rayy, narrated, saying: I was with my father, who was a commander among the commanders of ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir, while I was a boy. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir dispatched him to the region of Syria, so my father went out, and I was with him. It was near the month of Ramaḍān. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir said: Is there anyone here among the scholars whom we can ask about fasting and breaking the fast? For I am on a journey. It was said to him: Here, near you, is Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Firyābī, the companion of Sufyān al-Thawrī. He said: So he struck camp at the door of his house. He said: He had two chamberlains, one named ʿUzayr and the other Mīkāl, and they were at his vanguard. They went ahead to the door, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir gestured to them to be gentle in knocking at the door. They knocked, then stood for a long while. A slave girl who served al-Firyābī came out. They said to her: Tell the shaykh that the emir ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir is at the door. He said: She went away, and she was long. Then she came and said: The shaykh says to you: What is his need? He said: They grumbled, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir gestured to them to be quiet. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir said: Tell the shaykh: We are on a journey, and the month of Ramaḍān has come upon us. What do you think about fasting or breaking the fast? He said: She went away, then returned after a while and said: The shaykh says to you: If you are on a journey in obedience to God, then you have the choice between fasting and breaking the fast. But if you are on a journey in disobedience to God, then do not combine disobedience with breaking the fast. When they departed, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir looked at ʿUzayr and Mīkāl and said: This is the glory, not that in which we are.
Grades by grader
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