Tarikh (al-Tabari) 297
The story of Zakariyyā and Yaḥyā (peace be upon them both)
آية زكريا عليه السلام قَالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً أَيْ: عَلَامَةً عَلَى وَقْتَ تَعْلَقُ مِنِّي الْمَرْأَةُ بِهَذَا الْوَلَدِ الْمُبَشَّرِ بِهِ. قَالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ سَوِيًّا يَقُولُ: عَلَامَةُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَعْتَرِيَكَ سَكْتٌ، لَا تَنْطِقُ مَعَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزًا، وَأَنْتَ فِي ذَلِكَ سَوِيُّ الْخَلْقِ، صَحِيحُ الْمِزَاجِ، مُعْتَدِلُ الْبِنْيَةِ. وَأُمِرَ بِكَثْرَةِ الذِّكْرِ فِي هَذِهِ الْحَالِ بِالْقَلْبِ، وَاسْتِحْضَارِ ذَلِكَ بِفُؤَادِهِ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَالْإِبْكَارِ، فَلَمَّا بُشِّرَ بِهَذِهِ الْبِشَارَةِ، خَرَجَ مَسْرُورًا بِهَا عَلَى قَوْمِهِ مِنْ مِحْرَابِهِ. فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ سَبِّحُوا بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا وَالْوَحْيُ هَاهُنَا هُوَ الْأَمْرُ الْخَفِيُّ ; إِمَّا بِكِتَابَةٍ، كَمَا قَالَهُ مُجَاهِدٌ، وَالسُّدِّيُّ أَوْ إِشَارَةٍ، كَمَا قَالَهُ مُجَاهِدٌ - أَيْضًا - وَوَهْبٌ، وَقَتَادَةُ. قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ، وَعِكْرِمَةُ، وَوَهُبٌ، وَالسُّدِّيُّ، وَقَتَادَةُ: اعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَرَضٍ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ: كَانَ يَقْرَأُ وَيُسَبِّحُ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ كَلَامَ أَحَدٍ.
Translation
✧ The sign of Zakariyyā ﷺ He said: “My Lord, appoint for me a sign” (Q 3:41), that is: a marker for the time when the woman would conceive from me this promised child. He said: “Your sign is that you will not speak to people for three nights, [while] sound” (Q 3:41). He says: the marker of that is that a silence will seize you, with which you will not speak for three days except by gesture, while you are in that state sound of body, healthy in temperament, and well-proportioned in frame. He was commanded to remember God frequently in this state with the heart, and to summon that to mind in his heart in the evening and the early morning. When he was given this good news, he came out rejoicing in it from his prayer chamber to his people. Then he revealed to them, “Glorify [God] at dawn and at evening” (Q 19:11). The revelation here is a hidden command; either by writing, as Mujāhid and al-Suddī said, or by gesture, as Mujāhid also said, and Wahb and Qatādah. Mujāhid, ʿIkrimah, Wahb, al-Suddī, and Qatādah said: his tongue was held back without any illness. Ibn Zayd said: he could recite and glorify, but he could not speak to anyone.
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No grade is recorded for this wording.