Tarikh (al-Tabari) 285
Chapter mentioning a group of the prophets of the Israelites after Dāwūd and Sulaymān
بَابُ ذِكْرِ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بَعْدَ دَاوُدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ وَقَبْلَ زَكَرِيَّا وَيَحْيَى عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ فَمِنْهُمْ شِعْيَا بْنُ أَمْصِيَا. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ قَبْلَ زَكَرِيَّا وَيَحْيَى، وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ بَشَّرَ بِعِيسَى وَمُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ، وَكَانَ فِي زَمَانِهِ مَلِكٌ اسْمُهُ صَدِيقَةُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِبِلَادِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، وَكَانَ سَامِعًا مُطِيعًا لِشِعْيَا فِيمَا يَأْمُرُهُ بِهِ وَيَنْهَاهُ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْمَصَالِحِ، وَكَانَتِ الْأَحْدَاثُ قَدْ عَظُمَتْ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَمَرِضَ الْمَلِكُ وَخَرَجَتْ فِي رِجْلِهِ قُرْحَةٌ. مسير سنحاريب إلى بني إسرائيل وَقَصَدَ بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ مَلِكُ بَابِلَ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ، وَهُوَ سَنْحَارِيبُ، قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فِي سِتِّمِائَةِ أَلْفِ رَايَةٍ. وَفَزِعَ النَّاسُ فَزَعًا عَظِيمًا شَدِيدًا، وَقَالَ الْمَلِكُ لِلنَّبِيِّ شِعْيَا : مَاذَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ فِي أَمْرِ سَنْحَارِيبَ وَجُنُودِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: لَمْ يُوحِ إِلَيَّ فِيهِمْ شَيْئًا بَعْدُ. ثُمَّ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ بِالْأَمْرِ لِلْمَلِكِ صَدِيقَةَ بِأَنْ يُوصِيَ وَيَسْتَخْلِفَ عَلَى مُلْكِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ; فَإِنَّهُ قَدِ اقْتَرَبَ أَجَلُهُ، فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ أَقْبَلَ الْمَلِكُ عَلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَصَلَّى وَسَبَّحَ وَدَعَا وَبَكَى، فَقَالَ وَهُوَ يَبْكِي وَيَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، بِقَلْبٍ مُخْلِصٍ وَتَوَكُّلٍ وَصَبْرٍ: اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ الْأَرْبَابِ وَإِلَهَ الْآلِهَةِ، يَا رَحْمَنُ يَا رَحِيمُ، يَا مَنْ لَا تَأْخُذُهُ سِنَةٌ وَلَا نَوْمٌ، اذْكُرْنِي بِعِلْمِي، وَفِعْلِي، وَحُسْنِ قَضَائِي عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ كَانَ مِنْكَ، فَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنْ نَفْسِي، سِرِّي وَإِعْلَانِي لَكَ. قَالَ: فَاسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَرَحِمَهُ، وَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى شِعْيَا أَنْ يُبَشِّرَهُ بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ رَحِمَ بُكَاءَهُ، وَقَدْ أَخَّرَ فِي أَجَلِهِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَأَنْجَاهُ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ سَنْحَارِيبَ. فَلَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ الْوَجَعُ وَانْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ الشَّرُّ وَالْحُزْنُ، وَخَرَّ سَاجِدًا وَقَالَ فِي سُجُودِهِ: اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُعْطِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ، وَتَنْزِعُهُ مِمَّنْ تَشَاءُ، وَتُعِزُّ مَنْ تَشَاءُ، وَتُذِلُّ مَنْ تَشَاءُ، عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ، أَنْتَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْآخِرُ، وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ، وَأَنْتَ تَرْحَمُ وَتَسْتَجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الْمُضْطَرِّينَ. فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى شِعْيَا أَنْ يَأْمُرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مَاءَ التِّينِ فَيَجْعَلَهُ عَلَى قُرْحَتِهِ، فَيَشْفَى وَيُصْبِحَ قَدْ بَرِئَ. فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ، فَشُفِيَ، وَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى جَيْشِ سَنْحَارِيبَ الْمَوْتَ فَأَصْبَحُوا وَقَدْ هَلَكُوا كُلُّهُمْ سِوَى سَنْحَارِيبَ وَخَمْسَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، مِنْهُمْ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ فَأَرْسَلَ مَلِكُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَجَاءَ بِهِمْ، فَجَعَلَهُمْ فِي الْأَغْلَالِ وَطَافَ بِهِمْ فِي الْبِلَادِ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّنْكِيلِ بِهِمْ وَالْإِهَانَةِ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ يَوْمًا، وَيُطْعِمُ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ رَغِيفَيْنِ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ، ثُمَّ أَوْدَعَهُمُ السِّجْنَ، وَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى شِعْيَا أَنْ يَأْمُرَ الْمَلِكَ بِإِرْسَالِهِمْ إِلَى بِلَادِهِمْ، لِيُنْذِرُوا قَوْمَهُمْ مَا قَدْ حَلَّ بِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا جَمَعَ سَنْحَارِيبُ قَوْمَهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِمَا قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ، فَقَالَ لَهُ السَّحَرَةُ وَالْكَهَنَةُ: إِنَّا أَخْبَرْنَاكَ عَنْ شَأْنِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَنْبِيَائِهِمْ فَلَمْ تُطِعْنَا، وَهِيَ أُمَّةٌ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ. فَكَانَ أَمْرُ سَنْحَارِيبَ مِمَّا خَوَّفَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ. ثُمَّ مَاتَ سَنْحَارِيبُ بَعْدَ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ. وفاة النبي شعيا قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ثُمَّ لَمَّا مَاتَ صَدِيقَةُ مَلِكُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَرَجَ أَمَرُهُمْ وَاخْتَلَطَتْ أَحْدَاثُهُمْ، وَكَثُرَ شَرُّهُمْ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى شِعْيَا، فَقَامَ فِيهِمْ فَوَعَظَهُمْ وَذَكَّرَهُمْ، وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ عَنِ اللَّهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ وَأَنْذَرَهُمْ بَأْسَهُ وَعِقَابَهُ إِنْ خَالَفُوهُ وَكَذَّبُوهُ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ مَقَالَتِهِ عَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَطَلَبُوهُ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ، فَهَرَبَ مِنْهُمْ، فَمَرَّ بِشَجَرَةٍ فَانْفَلَقَتْ لَهُ فَدَخَلَ فِيهَا، وَأَدْرَكَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَأَخَذَ بِهُدْبَةِ ثَوْبِهِ فَأَبْرَزَهَا، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ جَاءُوا بِالْمِنْشَارِ فَوَضَعُوهُ عَلَى الشَّجَرَةِ، فَنَشَرُوهَا وَنَشَرُوهُ مَعَهَا، فَإِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: هُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِإِيلِيَا وَهِيَ قَرْيَةٌ بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، وَاسْمُهَا "أُورَى شَلِمَ"، فَقَالَ: أَبْشِرِي أُورَى شَلِمَ، يَأْتِيكِ الْآنَ رَاكِبُ الْحِمَارِ، يَعْنِي عِيسَى، وَيَأْتِيكِ بَعْدَهُ رَاكِبُ الْبَعِيرِ، يَعْنِي مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ. وَقَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَلِكٌ يُدْعَى صِدْقِيَا، وَكَانَ إِذَا مَلَكَ الْمُلْكَ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى نَبِيًّا يُسَدِّدُهُ وَيُرْشِدُهُ وَيَكُونُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَلَا تَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْكُتُبُ، إِنَّمَا يُؤْمَرُونَ بِاتِّبَاعِ التَّوْرَاةِ. فَلَمَّا مَلَكَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلِكُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مَعَهُ شَعْيَا، فَمَلَكَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلِكُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَبَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ زَمَانًا. فَلَمَّا انْقَضَى مُلْكُهُ عَظُمَتْ فِيهِمُ الْأَحْدَاثُ وَشَعْيَا مَعَهُ، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ سَنْحَارِيثَ مَعَهُ سِتَّمِائَةُ أَلْفِ رَايَةٍ، فَأَقْبَلَ سَابِيًا حَتَّى نَزَلَ [حَوْلَ] بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَالْمَلِكُ مَرِيضٌ، فِي سَاقِهِ قُرْحَةٌ، فَجَاءَهُ النَّبِيُّ شَعْيَا، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا مَلِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، إِنَّ سَنْحَارِيثَ مَلِكَ بَابِلَ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِكَ هُوَ وَجُنُودِهِ سِتُّمِائَةِ أَلْفِ رَايَةٍ، فَكَبُرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمَلِكِ، فَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، هَلْ أَتَاكَ وَحْيٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ بِنَا وَبِسَنْحَارِيثَ وَجُنُودِهِ؟ قَالَ: لَا. فَبَيْنَا هُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى شَعْيَا: أَرَأَيْتَ مَلِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَمُرْهُ أَنْ يُوصِيَ وَصِيَّتَهُ وَيَسْتَخْلِفَ عَلَى مُلْكِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ. فَأَتَى النَّبِيُّ شَعْيَا مَلِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَصَلَّى وَسَبَّحَ وَدَعَا وَبَكَى، وَقَالَ وَهُوَ يَبْكِي وَيَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ: زِدْنِي فِي عُمُرِي، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى شَعْيَا أَنْ يُخْبِرَ الْمَلِكَ أَنَّ رَبَّهُ قَدْ رَحِمَهُ وَقَدْ أَخَّرَ أَجَلَهُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَأَنْجَاهُ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ. فَقَالَ الْمَلِكُ لَشَعْيَا: سَلْ رَبَّكَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَنَا عِلْمًا بِمَا هُوَ صَانِعٌ بِعَدُوِّنَا هَذَا. قَالَ: فَقَالَ اللَّهُ لَشَعْيَا: قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي قَدْ كَفَيْتُكَ عَدُوَّكَ وَأَنْجَيْتُكَ مِنْهُمْ، وَأَنَّهُمْ سَيُصْبِحُونَ مَوْتَى كُلُّهُمْ إِلَّا سَنْحَارِيثَ وَخَمْسَةً مِنْ كُتَّابِهِ. فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ جَاءَ صَارِخٌ فَصَرَخَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَدِينَةِ: يَا مَلِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ كَفَاكَ عَدُوَّكَ، فَاخْرُجْ فَإِنَّ سَنْحَارِيثَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ قَدْ هَلَكُوا. فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ [الْمَلِكُ] الْتَمَسَ سَنْحَارِيثَ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ فِي الْمَوْتَى، فَبَعَثَ الْمَلِكُ فِي طَلَبِهِ، فَأَدْرَكَهُ الطَّلَبُ فِي مَغَارَةٍ هُوَ وَخَمْسَةٌ مِنْ كُتَّابِهِ أَحَدُهُمْ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ، فَجَعَلُوهُمْ فِي الْجَوَامِعِ، ثُمَّ أَتَوْا بِهِمْ مَلِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ خَرَّ سَاجِدًا، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِسَنْحَارِيثَ: كَيْفَ تَرَى فِعْلَ رَبِّنَا بِكُمْ؟ أَلَمْ يَقْتُلْكُمْ بِحَوْلِهِ وَقُوَّتِهِ وَنَحْنُ وَأَنْتُمْ غَافِلُونَ! فَقَالَ سَنْحَارِيثُ لَهُ: قَدْ أَتَانِي خَبَرُ رَبِّكُمْ وَنَصْرُهُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ الَّتِي رَحِمَكُمْ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أَخْرَجَ مِنْ بِلَادِي، فَلَمْ أُطِعْ مُرْشِدًا، وَلَمْ يُلْقِنِي فِي الشِّقْوَةِ إِلَّا قِلَّةُ عَقْلِي. فَقَالَ مَلِكُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ: إِنَّ رَبَّنَا إِنَّمَا أَبْقَاكَ وَمَنْ مَعَكَ لِتُخْبِرُوا مَنْ وَرَاءَكُمْ بِمَا رَأَيْتُمْ مِنْ فِعْلِ رَبِّنَا، وَلِتُنْذِرُوا مَنْ بَعْدَكُمْ. ثُمَّ أَمَرَ أَمِيرَ حَرَسِهِ فَقَذَفَ فِي رِقَابِهِمُ الْجَوَامِعَ، وَطَافَ بِهِمْ سَبْعِينَ يَوْمًا حَوْلَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، وَكَانَ يَرْزُقُهُمْ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ خُبْزَتَيْنِ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ. فَقَالَ سِنْحَارِيثُ لِمَلِكِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ: الْقَتْلُ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا تَفْعَلُ بِنَا، فَافْعَلْ مَا أُمِرْتَ. فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ إِلَى سِجْنِ الْقَتْلِ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى شَعْيَا النَّبِيِّ: أَنْ قُلْ لِمَلِكِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يُرْسِلْ سَنْحَارِيثَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ لِيُنْذِرُوا مَنْ وَرَاءَهُمْ ، وَلْيُكْرِمْهُمْ وَلْيَحْمِلْهُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا بِلَادَهُمْ. فَبَلَّغَ النَّبِيُّ شَعْيَا ذَلِكَ الْمَلِكَ، فَفَعَلَ، فَخَرَجَ سَنْحَارِيثُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ حَتَّى قَدِمُوا بَابِلَ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا جَمَعَ النَّاسَ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِجُنُودِهِ، ثُمَّ لَبِثَ سَنْحَارِيثُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ. وَقَدْ زَعَمَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أَنَّ هَذَا الْمَلِكَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الَّذِي سَارَ إِلَيْهِ سَنْحَارِيثَ كَانَ أَعْرَجَ، وَكَانَ عَرَجُهُ مِنْ عِرْقِ النَّسَا، وَأَنَّ سَنْحَارِيثَ إِنَّمَا طَمِعَ فِي مَمْلَكَتِهِ لِزَمَانَتِهِ وَضَعْفِهِ، وَأَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ سَارَ إِلَيْهِ قَبْلَ سَنْحَارِيثَ مَلِكٌ مِنْ مُلُوكِ بَابِلَ يُقَالُ لَهُ "لِيفَرُ"، وَكَانَ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ وَكَاتِبَهُ، وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ أَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِ رِيحًا أَهْلَكَتْ جَيْشَهُ، وَأَفْلَتَ هُوَ وَكَاتِبُهُ، وَأَنَّ هَذَا الْبَابِلِيَّ قَتَلَهُ ابْنٌ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ بُخْتَ نَصَّرَ غَضِبَ لِصَاحِبِهِ فَقَتَلَ ابْنَهُ الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَبَاهُ، وَأَنَّ سَنْحَارِيثَ سَارَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ مَسْكَنُهُ نِينَوَى مَعَ مَلِكِ أَذْرَبِيجَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ، وَكَانَ يُدْعَى سَلْمَانَ الْأَعْسَرَ، وَأَنْ سَنْحَارِيثَ وَسَلْمَانَ اخْتَلَفَا، فَتَحَارَبَا حَتَّى تَفَانَى جُنْدَاهُمَا، وَصَارَ مَا كَانَ مَعَهُمَا غَنِيمَةً لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: بَلِ الَّذِي غَزَاهُ سَنْحَارِيثُ حِزْقِيَا صَاحِبُ شَعْيَا، وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا أَحَاطَ بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ بِجُنُودِهِ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مَلَكًا، فَقَتَلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ وَخَمْسَةً وَثَمَانِينَ أَلْفًا. وَكَانَ مُلْكُهُ إِلَى أَنْ تُوُفِّيَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ ابْنُهُ "مَنْشَا بْنُ حِزْقِيَا" إِلَى أَنْ تُوُفِّيَ خَمْسًا وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً. ملك أولاد سنحاريث ثُمَّ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ ابْنُهُ "أَمُونُ" إِلَى أَنْ قَتَلَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ مَلَكَ ابْنُهُ "يُوشِيَا" إِلَى أَنْ قَتَلَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ الْمُقْعَدُ مَلِكُ مِصْرَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ ابْنُهُ "يَاهُوَاحَازُ" فَغَزَاهُ فِرْعَوْنُ الْمُقْعَدُ فَأَسَرَهُ وَأَشْخَصَهُ إِلَى مِصْرَ، وَمَلَّكَ "يُوثَاقِيمَ بْنَ يَاهُوَاحَازَ" عَلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ أُبُوهُ، وَوَظَّفَ عَلَيْهِ خَرَاجًا يُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَيْهِ، فَبَقِيَ كَذَلِكَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. ثُمَّ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ ابْنُهُ "يُوثَاحِينُ"، فَغَزَاهُ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ، فَأَسَرَهُ وَأَشْخَصَهُ إِلَى بَابِلَ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْهُرٍ مِنْ مُلْكِهِ، وَمَلَكَ مَكَانَهُ "شَيَا" عَمُّهُ وَسَمَّاهُ "صَدِيقِيَا" فَخَالَفَهُ، فَغَزَاهُ فَظَفِرَ بِهِ، فَذَبَحَ وَلَدَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، وَسَمَلَ عَيْنَيْهِ وَحَمَلَهُ إِلَى بَابِلَ، وَخَرَّبَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَسَبَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَحَمَلَهُمْ إِلَى بَابِلَ، فَمَكَثُوا بِهَا إِلَى أَنْ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ كِيرَشُ بْنُ جَامَا سَبَّ" لِقَرَابَةٍ كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِنْ قِبَلِ أُمِّهِ، فَكَانَ جَمِيعُ مَا مَلَكَ "صَدِيقِيَا" إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ. ثُمَّ صَارَ مُلْكُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَالشَّامِ "لِأَشْتَاسِبَ بْنِ بَهْرَاسِبَ"، وَعَامِلُهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ.
Translation
✧ Chapter mentioning a group of the prophets of the Israelites after Dāwūd and Sulaymān and before Zakariyyā and Yaḥyā (peace be upon them) Among them is Shaʿyā b. Amṣiyā. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq said: He was before Zakariyyā and Yaḥyā, and he was one of those who gave glad tidings of ʿĪsā and Muḥammad (peace be upon them). In his time there was a king named Ṣadīqah over the Israelites in the land of Bayt al-Maqdis, and he used to listen to and obey Shaʿyā in whatever he commanded him or forbade him regarding matters of welfare. The troubles had become great among the Israelites, and the king fell ill and an ulcer appeared on his leg. The march of Sanḥārīb against the Israelites And the king of Bābil at that time, namely Sanḥārīb, set out for Bayt al-Maqdis. Ibn Isḥāq said: with six hundred thousand banners. The people were stricken with great and intense fear, and the king said to the prophet Shaʿyā: What has Allah revealed to you concerning the affair of Sanḥārīb and his armies? He said: Nothing has yet been revealed to me concerning them. Then revelation came to him commanding King Ṣadīqah to make his will and appoint as his successor over his kingdom whomever he wished, for his appointed time had drawn near. When he informed him of that, the king turned towards the qiblah and prayed, glorified Allah, supplicated, and wept. While weeping and beseeching Allah, Mighty and Majestic, with a sincere heart, reliance, and patience, he said: O Allah, Lord of lords and God of gods, O Most Merciful, O Most Compassionate, O You whom neither slumber nor sleep overtakes, remember me for my knowledge, my deeds, and my good judgment over the Israelites—yet all of that was from You, and You know it better than my own self; my secret and my open affairs are Yours. He said: Allah answered him and had mercy on him, and Allah revealed to Shaʿyā to give him glad tidings that He had mercy on his weeping, and that He had postponed his appointed time by fifteen years, and saved him from his enemy Sanḥārīb. When he told him that, the pain left him and evil and sorrow ceased from him, and he fell down prostrating. In his prostration he said: O Allah, You are the One who gives sovereignty to whom You will and takes it from whom You will, and You honor whom You will and abase whom You will, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed. You are the First and the Last, the Outward and the Inward, and You show mercy and answer the call of the distressed. When he raised his head, Allah revealed to Shaʿyā to command him to take fig water and place it on his ulcer, so that he would be healed and wake up cured. He did that, and he was healed. And Allah sent death upon the army of Sanḥārīb, and they woke up having all perished except Sanḥārīb and five of his companions, among them Bukht Naṣṣar. The king of the Israelites sent for them and brought them, and he placed them in shackles and paraded them through the lands by way of exemplary punishment and humiliation for seventy days, feeding each one of them two loaves of barley bread every day. Then he put them in prison. Allah, Exalted be He, revealed to Shaʿyā to command the king to send them back to their lands so that they might warn their people of what had befallen them. When they returned, Sanḥārīb gathered his people and told them what had happened to them. The sorcerers and soothsayers said to him: We had told you about the matter of their Lord and their prophets, but you did not obey us. They are a nation that no one can overcome because of their Lord. Thus the affair of Sanḥārīb was one of the things by which Allah terrified them. Then Sanḥārīb died after seven years. The death of the prophet Shaʿyā Ibn Isḥāq said: Then when Ṣadīqah, king of the Israelites, died, their affair became disordered, their troubles became confused, and their evil increased. Allah, Exalted be He, revealed to Shaʿyā, and he stood among them and admonished them, reminded them, told them about Allah as He deserves, and warned them of His might and punishment if they opposed him and called him a liar. When he finished his speech, they attacked him and sought to kill him, so he fled from them. He passed by a tree, and it split open for him, and he entered into it. Satan caught up with him and grabbed the hem of his garment, exposing it. When they saw that, they brought a saw, placed it on the tree, and sawed through it and through him with it. To Allah we belong and to Him we shall return. Ibn Isḥāq said: He is the one who said to Īliyā, which is a village in Bayt al-Maqdis, whose name is “Ūrā Shalim”: Rejoice, Ūrā Shalim, for now there shall come to you the rider of the donkey—meaning ʿĪsā—and after him shall come to you the rider of the camel—meaning Muḥammad ﷺ. He said: There was among the Israelites a king called Ṣidqiyā, and whenever he assumed kingship over them, Allah, Exalted be He, sent a prophet to guide him aright and direct him, and he would be between him and Allah, Mighty and Majestic. No books were sent down to them; they were only commanded to follow the Torah. When that king assumed kingship, Allah sent Shaʿyā with him, and that king ruled over the Israelites and Bayt al-Maqdis for a time. When his reign came to an end, troubles became great among them while Shaʿyā was with him. Allah sent Sanḥārīth with six hundred thousand banners, and he came as a raider until he encamped around Bayt al-Maqdis. The king was sick, with an ulcer on his shin. The prophet Shaʿyā came to him and said: O king of the Israelites, Sanḥārīth, king of Bābil, has encamped against you with his armies, six hundred thousand banners. That weighed heavily upon the king, and he said: O prophet of Allah, has any revelation come to you from Allah as to how Allah will deal with us and with Sanḥārīth and his armies? He said: No. While they were in that state, Allah, Exalted be He, revealed to Shaʿyā: Have you seen the king of the Israelites? Command him to make his will and appoint as his successor over his kingdom whomever he wishes from his household. The prophet Shaʿyā came to the king of the Israelites and informed him, so he turned towards the qiblah and prayed, glorified Allah, supplicated, and wept. While weeping and beseeching Allah, he said: Increase my lifespan. Allah revealed to Shaʿyā to inform the king that his Lord had mercy on him and had postponed his appointed time by fifteen years and saved him from his enemy. The king said to Shaʿyā: Ask your Lord to give us a sign of what He will do with this enemy of ours. He said: Allah said to Shaʿyā: Tell him that I have sufficed you against your enemy and saved you from them, and that they will wake up all dead except Sanḥārīth and five of his scribes. When morning came, a crier came and cried out at the gate of the city: O king of the Israelites, Allah has sufficed you against your enemy, so come out, for Sanḥārīth and those with him have perished. When the king came out, he searched for Sanḥārīth and did not find him among the dead. The king sent out a search party, and they overtook him in a cave with five of his scribes, one of whom was Bukht Naṣṣar. They put them in chains and brought them to the king of the Israelites. When he saw them, he fell down prostrating. Then he said to Sanḥārīth: How do you see the deed of our Lord against you? Did He not kill you by His might and power while we and you were heedless? Sanḥārīth said to him: News of your Lord and His support for you and the mercy with which He had mercy on you had reached me before I left my land, but I did not obey any guide, and nothing cast me into wretchedness except my lack of intellect. The king of the Israelites said: Our Lord has left you and those with you alive only so that you may inform those behind you of what you have seen of the deed of our Lord, and so that you may warn those after you. Then he commanded the commander of his guard, and he placed chains on their necks and paraded them for seventy days around Bayt al-Maqdis, providing them each day with two loaves of barley bread for each man among them. Sanḥārīth said to the king of the Israelites: Killing is better than what you are doing to us, so do what you have been commanded. He ordered them to be taken to the prison of execution, but Allah revealed to the prophet Shaʿyā: Tell the king of the Israelites to send Sanḥārīth and those with him so that they may warn those behind them, and to honor them and provide them with mounts until they reach their lands. The prophet Shaʿyā conveyed that to the king, and he did it. Sanḥārīth and those with him departed until they reached Bābil. When they arrived, he gathered the people and told them how Allah had dealt with his armies. Then Sanḥārīth remained alive for seven years after that and then died. Some of the People of the Book have claimed that this king of the Israelites against whom Sanḥārīth marched was lame, and that his lameness was from sciatica, and that Sanḥārīth coveted his kingdom because of his lameness and weakness. They also claimed that before Sanḥārīth a king of the kings of Bābil called “Līfarū” had marched against him, and that Bukht Naṣṣar was his cousin and his scribe, and that Allah sent upon him a wind that destroyed his army, and he and his scribe escaped, and that this Babylonian was killed by a son of his, and that Bukht Naṣṣar became angry for his companion and killed his son who had killed his father, and that Sanḥārīth marched against him after that. His dwelling was Nīnawā together with the king of Adhrabījān at that time, who was called Salmān al-Aʿsar. Sanḥārīth and Salmān disagreed and fought each other until both their armies perished, and what they had with them became booty for the Israelites. Some of them said: Rather, the one whom Sanḥārīth raided was Ḥizqiyā, the companion of Shaʿyā, and that when he surrounded Bayt al-Maqdis with his armies, Allah, Exalted be He, sent an angel, and he killed one hundred and eighty-five thousand of his companions in a single night. His reign lasted until he died, twenty-nine years. Then after him his son “Manshā b. Ḥizqiyā” reigned until he died, fifty-five years. The reign of the sons of Sanḥārīth Then after him his son “Āmūn” reigned until his companions killed him, twelve years. Then his son “Yūshiyā” reigned until Pharaoh the Crippled, king of Egypt, killed him, twenty-one years. Then after him his son “Yāhūʾaḥāz” reigned, but Pharaoh the Crippled raided him, captured him, and sent him to Egypt, and made “Yūthāqīm b. Yāhūʾaḥāz” king over what his father had been over, and imposed upon him a tribute to be paid to him. He remained thus for twelve years. Then after him his son “Yūthāḥīn” reigned, but Bukht Naṣṣar raided him, captured him, and sent him to Bābil after three months of his reign. In his place he made his uncle “Shayā” king and named him “Ṣadīqiyā.” But he opposed him, so he raided him and captured him. He slaughtered his son before his eyes, gouged out his eyes, carried him to Bābil, destroyed the city, and took the Israelites captive, carrying them to Bābil. They remained there until Kīrash b. Jāmāsab returned them to Bayt al-Maqdis because of a kinship between him and them on his mother's side. The total reign of “Ṣadīqiyā” was eleven years and three months. Then the kingship of Bayt al-Maqdis and al-Shām passed to “Ashtāsib b. Bahrāsib,” and his governor over all of that was Bukht Naṣṣar.
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