Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2840
Then the year 150 AH of the Hijrah began
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ خَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةٍ ذِكْرُ خُرُوجِ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ . وَفِيهَا خَرَجَ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ فِي أَهْلِ هَرَاةَ وَبَاذَغِيسَ وَسِجِسْتَانَ وَغَيْرِهَا مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ، وَكَانَ فِيمَا قِيلَ فِي ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ مُقَاتِلٍ، فَغَلَبُوا عَلَى عَامَّةِ خُرَاسَانَ، وَسَارُوا حَتَّى الْتَقَوْا هُمْ وَأَهْلُ مَرْوِ الرُّوذِ. فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْأَجْثَمُ الْمَرْوَرُّوذِيُّ فِي أَهْلِ مَرْوِ الرُّوذِ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، فَقُتِلَ الْأَجْثَمُ، وَكَثُرَ الْقَتْلُ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، وَهُزِمَ عِدَّةٌ مِنَ الْقُوَّادِ، مِنْهُمْ: مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، وَجِبْرَائِيلُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، وَأَبُو النَّجْمِ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ، وَدَاوُدُ بْنُ كَرَّارٍ. وَوَجَّهَ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَهُوَ بِالرَّاذَانِ، خَازِمَ بْنَ خُزَيْمَةَ إِلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ، فَوَلَّاهُ الْمَهْدِيُّ مُحَارَبَةَ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ وَضَمَّ إِلَيْهِ الْقُوَّادَ. فَسَارَ خَازِمٌ وَأَخَذَ مَعَهُ مَنِ انْهَزَمَ، وَجَعَلَهُمْ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ يُكَثِّرُ بِهِمْ مَنْ مَعَهُ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ هَذِهِ الطَّبَقَةِ اثْنَانِ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلْفًا. ثُمَّ انْتَخَبَ مِنْهُمْ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ وَضَمَّهُمْ إِلَى اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا كَانُوا مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُنْتَخَبِينَ، وَكَانَ بَكَّارُ بْنُ سَلْمٍ فِيمَنِ انْتُخِبَ، وَتَعَبَّأَ لِلْقِتَالِ، فَجَعَلَ الْهَيْثَمَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ بْنِ ظُهَيْرٍ عَلَى مَيْمَنَتِهِ، وَنَهَارَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ السَّعْدِيَّ عَلَى مَيْسَرَتِهِ، وَبَكَّارَ بْنَ سَلْمٍ الْعُقَيْلِيَّ فِي مُقَدِّمَتِهِ، وَكَانَ لِوَاؤُهُ مَعَ الزِّبْرِقَانِ. فَمَكَرَ بِهِمْ وَرَاوَغَهُمْ ( فِي أَنْ يَنْقُلَهُمْ ) مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ وَخَنْدَقٍ إِلَى خَنْدَقٍ حَتَّى قَطَعَهُمْ، وَكَانَ أَكْثَرَهُمْ رَجَّالَةً، ثُمَّ سَارَ خَازِمٌ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ فَنَزَلَهُ وَخَنْدَقَ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى جَمِيعِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَجَعَلَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَبْوَابٍ، وَجَعَلَ عَلَى كُلِّ بَابٍ أَلْفًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ الَّذِينَ انْتَخَبَ. وَأَتَى أَصْحَابُ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ وَمَعَهُمُ الْفُئُوسُ وَالْمُرُورُ وَالزُّبُلُ لِيَطُمُّوا الْخَنْدَقَ، فَأَتَوُا الْخَنْدَقَ مِنَ الْبَابِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ بَكَّارُ بْنُ سَلْمٍ، فَحَمَلُوا عَلَى أَصْحَابِ بَكَّارٍ حَمْلَةً هَزَمُوهُمْ بِهَا، فَرَمَى بَكَّارٌ بِنَفْسِهِ، فَتَرَجَّلَ عَلَى بَابِ الْخَنْدَقِ وَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: لَا يُؤْتَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ نَاحِيَتِنَا. تَرَجَّلَ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَعَشِيرَتِهِ نَحْوٌ مِنْ خَمْسِينَ رُجَلًا وَقَاتَلُوهُمْ حَتَّى رَدُّوهُمْ مِنْ بَابِهِمْ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْبَابِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ خَازِمٌ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ مِنْ أَهْلِ سِجِسْتَانَ اسْمُهُ الْحَرِيشُ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَانَ يُدَبِّرُ أَمْرَهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ خَازِمٌ مُقْبِلًا بَعَثَ إِلَى الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، وَكَانَ فِي الْمَيْمَنَةِ، يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْبَابِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ بَكَّارٌ، فَإِنَّ مَنْ بِإِزَائِهِ قَدْ شُغِلُوا عَنْهُمْ، وَيَسِيرُ حَتَّى يَغِيبَ عَنْ أَبْصَارِهِمْ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ مِنْ خَلْفِ الْعَدُوِّ، وَقَدْ كَانُوا يَتَوَقَّعُونَ قُدُومَ أَبِي عَوْنٍ، وَعَمْرِو بْنِ سَلْمِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ مِنْ طَخَارِسْتَانَ. وَبَعَثَ خَازِمٌ إِلَى بَكَّارٍ: إِذَا رَأَيْتَ رَايَاتِ الْهَيْثَمِ قَدْ جَاءَتْ كَبِّرُوا وَقُولُوا: قَدْ جَاءَ أَهْلُ طَخَارِسْتَانَ. فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ الْهَيْثَمُ، وَخَرَجَ خَازِمٌ فِي الْقَلْبِ عَلَى الْحَرِيشِ وَشَغَلَهُمْ بِالْقِتَالِ، وَصَبَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ. فَبَيْنَا هُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ نَظَرُوا إِلَى أَعْلَامِ الْهَيْثَمِ فَتَنَادَوْا بَيْنَهُمْ: جَاءَ أَهْلُ طَخَارِسْتَانَ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهَا حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَصْحَابُ خَازِمٍ فَكَشَفُوهُمْ، وَلَقِيَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْهَيْثَمِ فَطَعَنُوهُمْ بِالرِّمَاحِ وَرَمَوْهُمْ بِالنُّشَّابِ. وَخَرَجَ [ عَلَيْهِمْ ] نَهَارُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْمَيْسَرَةِ، وَبَكَّارُ بْنُ سَلْمٍ وَأَصْحَابُهُ مِنْ نَاحِيَتِهِمْ، فَهَزَمُوهُمْ وَوَضَعُوا فِيهِمُ السُّيُوفَ، فَقَتَلَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَأَكْثَرُوا، وَكَانَ عَدَدُ مَنْ قُتِلَ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا، وَأَسَرُوا أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا، وَنَجَا أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ إِلَى جَبَلٍ فِي نَفَرٍ يَسِيرٍ، فَحَصَرَهُمْ خَازِمٌ، وَقَتَلَ الْأَسْرَى. وَوَافَاهُ أَبُو عَوْنٍ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ سَلْمٍ وَمَنْ مَعَهُمَا، فَنَزَلَ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ عَلَى حُكْمِ أَبِي عَوْنٍ، فَحَكَمَ أَنْ يُوثَقَ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ وَبَنُوهُ وَأَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ بِالْحَدِيدِ، وَأَنْ يُعْتَقَ الْبَاقُونَ وَهُمْ ثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفًا، فَأَمْضَى خَازِمٌ حُكْمَهُ وَكَسَا كُلَّ رَجُلٍ ثَوْبَيْنِ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ بِذَلِكَ، فَكَتَبَ الْمَهْدِيُّ إِلَى الْمَنْصُورِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ خُرُوجَ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ كَانَ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ، وَكَانَتْ هَزِيمَتُهُ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَقَدْ قِيلَ: إِنَّ أُسْتَاذْ سِيسْ ادَّعَى النُّبُوَّةَ، وَأَظْهَرَ أَصْحَابُهُ الْفِسْقَ وَقَطْعَ السَّبِيلِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ جَدُّ الْمَأْمُونِ أَبُو أُمِّهِ مَرَاجِلُ، وَابْنُهُ غَالِبٌ خَالُ الْمَأْمُونِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ ذَا الرِّيَاسَتَيْنِ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ لِمُوَاطَأَةٍ مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ، وَسَيَرِدُ ذِكْرُهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
Translation
✧ Then the year 150 AH of the Hijrah began Account of the rising of Ustādh Sīs. In it, Ustādh Sīs rose among the people of Harāt, Bādhaghīs, Sijistān, and others of Khurāsān, and it was said he was at the head of three hundred thousand fighting men. They overcame most of Khurāsān and marched until they and the people of Marw al-Rūdh met. Al-Ajtham al-Marwarūdhī went out against them with the people of Marw al-Rūdh, and they fought a fierce battle. Al-Ajtham was killed, and slaughter was heavy among his companions. A number of commanders were routed, among them: Muʿādh b. Muslim, Jibrāʾīl b. Yaḥyā, Ḥammād b. ʿAmr, Abū al-Najm al-Sijistānī, and Dāwūd b. Karrār. Al-Manṣūr, while he was at al-Rādhān, dispatched Khāzim b. Khuzaymah to al-Mahdī, and al-Mahdī appointed him to fight Ustādh Sīs and attached the commanders to him. Khāzim set out, taking with him those who had been routed, and placed them in the rearguard of the people, using them to swell the numbers of those with him. Of this class he had with him twenty-two thousand. Then he selected from them six thousand men and joined them to twelve thousand who were with him from the chosen ones. Bakkār b. Salm was among those selected. He drew up his forces for battle, placing al-Haytham b. Shuʿbah b. Ẓuhayr on his right wing, Nahār b. Ḥuṣayn al-Saʿdī on his left wing, and Bakkār b. Salm al-ʿUqaylī in his vanguard, while his banner was with al-Zibriqān. He deceived them and feinted with them, moving them from place to place and from trench to trench, until he cut them off. Most of them were infantry. Then Khāzim marched to a position and encamped, digging a trench around himself and all his companions. He made four gates in it, and over each gate he placed a thousand of his selected companions. The companions of Ustādh Sīs came, carrying axes, iron picks, and baskets, to fill in the trench. They came to the trench at the gate commanded by Bakkār b. Salm, and charged his men with a charge that routed them. Bakkār threw himself down, dismounted at the gate of the trench, and said to his companions: "Let not the Muslims be approached from our side." About fifty men of his family and clan dismounted with him, and they fought until they drove them back from their gate. Then there came to the gate commanded by Khāzim a man of Sijistān among the companions of Ustādh Sīs, named al-Ḥarīsh, who was the one directing his affairs. When Khāzim saw him approaching, he sent to al-Haytham b. Shuʿbah, who was on the right wing, ordering him to go out from the gate commanded by Bakkār, since those facing him had been diverted from them, and to march until he disappeared from their sight, then return from behind the enemy. They were expecting the arrival of Abū ʿAwn and ʿAmr b. Salm b. Qutaybah from Ṭakhāristān. Khāzim sent word to Bakkār: "When you see the banners of al-Haytham coming, say 'Allāhu akbar!' and shout: 'The people of Ṭakhāristān have come!'" Al-Haytham did that, and Khāzim went out in the center against al-Ḥarīsh and engaged them in fighting, and they held firm against one another. While they were thus engaged, they saw the standards of al-Haytham, and they called out to one another: "The people of Ṭakhāristān have come!" When they saw them, Khāzim's companions charged and dislodged them. Al-Haytham's companions met them and thrust at them with lances and shot them with arrows. Nahār b. Ḥuṣayn came out against them from the left wing, and Bakkār b. Salm and his companions from their side, and they routed them and put the sword to them. The Muslims killed great numbers of them; the number of those killed was seventy thousand, and they took fourteen thousand captives. Ustādh Sīs escaped to a mountain with a small band, and Khāzim besieged them and killed the captives. Abū ʿAwn and ʿAmr b. Salm and those with them arrived, and Ustādh Sīs surrendered to the judgment of Abū ʿAwn. He ruled that Ustādh Sīs, his sons, and his household be bound in iron, and that the rest be set free, and they were thirty thousand. Khāzim carried out his judgment and gave every man two garments. He wrote to al-Mahdī about that, and al-Mahdī wrote to al-Manṣūr. It was said: The rising of Ustādh Sīs was in the year 150, and his defeat was in the year 151 AH. It has also been said: Ustādh Sīs claimed prophethood, and his companions openly committed wickedness and highway robbery. It was said: He was the grandfather of al-Maʾmūn, the father of his mother Marājil, and his son Ghālib was the maternal uncle of al-Maʾmūn. He is the one who killed Dhū al-Riyāsatayn al-Faḍl b. Sahl by collusion with al-Maʾmūn, and his mention will come, if God wills.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.