Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2839
Then the year 149 AH began
الْحَسَنُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، أَبُو يُونُسَ الْعِجْلِيُّ الْقَوِيُّ. سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبِي مَسْلَمَةَ، وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ. قَالَ: إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ: إِنَّمَا [سُمِّيَ] أَبُو يُونُسَ: الْقَوِيَّ لِقُوَّتِهِ عَلَى الْعِبَادَةِ، صَلَّى حَتَّى أُقْعِدَ، وَبَكَى حَتَّى عَمِيَ، وَصَامَ حَتَّى صَارَ كَالْحَشَفَةِ. سَالِمُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ. كَانَ أَمِيرًا كَبِيرًا، غَزِيرَ الْعَقْلِ، حَسَنَ الْمَحْضَرِ. وَوَلَّاهُ الْمَنْصُورُ الْبَصْرَةَ ثُمَّ عَزَلَهُ. عَنْ أَبِي الْمُعَلَّى الثَّقَفِيِّ يَقُولُ: جَرَى ذِكْرُ رَجُلٍ فِي مَجْلِسِ سَالِمِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ فَتَنَاوَلَهُ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْمَجْلِسِ، فَقَالَ: يَا هَذَا أَوْحَشْتَنَا مِنْ نَفْسِكَ، وَآنَسْتَنَا مِنْ مَوَدَّتِكَ، وَدَلَلْتَنَا عَلَى عَوْرَتِكَ. قَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ: أَتَى أَهْلُنَا سَالِمَ بْنَ قُتَيْبَةَ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَقَالُوا لَهُ: جِئْنَاكَ فِيمَا لَا يَرْزَأُكَ وَلَا يَنْكَأُكَ. فَقَالَ: لَا جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِكُمْ إِذَنْ، فَلِمَ جِئْتُمُونِي عَلَيْكُمْ بِلِئَامِ النَّاسِ. تُوُفِّيَ سَالِمٌ فِي هَذِهِ، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ الْمَهْدِيُّ. عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حَرِيرٍ، أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ السَّدُوسِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ. سَمِعَ عِكْرِمَةَ، وَأَبَا مِجْلَزٍ. وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ: شُعْبَةُ، وَوَكِيعٌ. وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. كُرْزُ بْنُ وَبَرَةَ. كُوفِيُّ الْأَصْلِ، سَكَنَ جُرْجَانَ، أَسْنَدَ عَنْ طَاوُوسٍ، وَعَطَاءٍ وَالرَّبِيعِ بْنِ خُثَيْمٍ وَغَيْرِهِمْ. وَكَانَ مُتَعَبِّدًا. قَالَ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ غَزْوَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى كُرْزِ بْنِ وَبَرَةَ بَيْتَهُ وَإِذَا عِنْدَ مُصَلَّاهُ حُفْرَةٌ قَدْ مَلَأَهَا تِبْنًا، وَبَسَطَ عَلَيْهَا كِسَاءً، مِنْ طُولِ الْقِيَامِ. وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ الْقُرْآنَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ. وقَالَ: أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُكْتِبُ قَالَ: صَحِبْتُ كُرْزًا إِلَى مَكَّةَ، وَكَانَ إِذَا نَزَلَ أَدْرَجَ ثِيَابَهُ فَأَلْقَاهَا عَلَى الرَّحْلِ، ثُمَّ تَنَحَّى لِلصَّلَاةِ، فَإِذَا سَمِعَ رُغَاءَ الْإِبِلِ أَقْبَلَ فَاحْتَبَسَ يَوْمًا عَنِ الْوَقْتِ، فَانْبَثَّتْ أَصْحَابُهُ فِي طَلَبِهِ. فَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ طَلَبَهُ. قَالَ: فَأَصَبْتُهُ فِي وَهْدَةٍ يُصَلِّي فِي سَاعَةٍ حَارَّةٍ، وَإِذَا سَحَابَةٌ تُظِلُّهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآنِي أَقْبَلَ نَحْوِي، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا سُلَيْمَانَ، لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةٌ. قُلْتُ: وَمَا حَاجَتُكَ؟ قَالَ: أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَكْتُمَ عَلَيَّ مَّا رَأَيْتَ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: ذَاكَ لَكَ. قَالَ: أَوْثِقْ لِي. فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أُخْبِرَ بِهِ أَحَدًا حَتَّى يَمُوتَ. كَهْمَسُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَيْسِيُّ. كَانَ مُتَعَبِّدًا وَرِعًا، يُصَلِّي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ، وَيَقُولُ لِنَفْسِهِ: قُومِي يَا مَأْوَى كُلِّ سُوءٍ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا رَضِيتُكِ لِلَّهِ سَاعَةً قَطُّ. قَالَ: عُمَارَةُ بْنُ زَادَانَ: قَالَ لِي كَهْمَسٌ: يَا أَبَا سَلَمَةَ، أَذْنَبْتُ ذَنْبًا، فَأَنَا أَبْكِي عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. قُلْتُ: مَا هُوَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: زَارَنِي أَخٌ لِي فَاشْتَرَيْتُ لَهُ سَمَكًا بِدَانَقٍ، فَلَمَّا أَكَلَ قُمْتُ إِلَى حَائِطِ جَارٍ لِي، فَأَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ قِطْعَةَ طِينٍ فَغَسَلَ بِهَا يَدَهُ، فَأَنَا أَبْكِي عَلَيْهِ مُنْذُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. عَابِدٌ عَلَوِيٌّ مَدِينِيٌّ. قَالَ: إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَامِرٍ الْوَاعِظَ يَقُولُ: بَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَاءَنِي غُلَامٌ أَسْوَدُ بِرُقْعَةٍ فَقَرَأْتُهَا، فَإِذَا فِيهَا مَكْتُوبٌ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ. مَتَّعَكَ اللَّهُ بِمُسَامَرَةِ الْفِكْرَةِ، وَنَعَّمَكَ بِمُؤَانَسَةِ الْعِبْرَةِ، وَأَفْرَدَكَ بِحُبِّ الْخَلْوَةِ، يَا أَبَا عَامِرٍ، أَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ إِخْوَانِكَ بَلَغَنِي قُدُومُكُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَسُرِرْتُ بِذَلِكَ، وَأَحْبَبْتُ زِيَارَتَكَ وَبِي مِنَ الشَّوْقِ إِلَى مُجَالَسَتِكَ وَالِاسْتِمَاعِ لِمُحَادَثَتِكَ، مَا لَوْ كَانَ فَوْقِي لَأَظَلَّنِي، وَلَوْ كَانَ تَحْتِي لَأَقَلَّنِي، سَأَلْتُكَ بِالَّذِي حَبَاكَ بِالْبَلَاغَةِ لَمَا أَلْحَقْتَنِي جَنَاحَ التَّوَصُّلِ مِنْ زِيَارَتِكَ. وَالسَّلَامُ. قَالَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: فَقُمْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ حَتَّى أَتَى بِي إِلَى فِنَاءٍ فَأَدْخَلَنِي مَنْزِلًا رَحْبًا خَرِبًا. فَقَالَ لِي: قِفْ هَا هُنَا حَتَّى أَسْتَأْذِنَ لَكَ. فَوَقَفَ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ لِي: لِجْ. فَدَخَلْتُ، فَإِذَا بَيْتٌ مُفْرَدٌ فِي الْخَرِبَةِ، لَهُ بَابٌ مِنْ جَرِيدِ النَّخْلِ، وَإِذَا بِكَهْلٍ قَاعِدٍ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ، تَخَالُهُ مِنَ الْوَلَهِ مَكْرُوبًا، وَمِنَ الْخَشْيَةِ مَحْزُونًا، قَدْ ظَهَرَتْ فِي وَجْهِهِ أَحْزَانُهُ، وَذَهَبَتْ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ عَيْنَاهُ، وَمَرِضَتْ أَجْفَانُهُ، فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ، فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ السَّلَامَ، ثُمَّ تَحَرَّكَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ أَعْمَى أَعْرَجُ مِسْقَامٌ. فَقَالَ لِي: يَا أَبَا عَامِرٍ، غَسَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ دَرَنِ الذُّنُوبِ قَلْبَكَ، لَمْ يَزَلْ قَلْبِي إِلَيْكَ تَوَّاقًا، وَإِلَى سَمَاعِ الْمَوْعِظَةِ مِنْكَ مُشْتَاقًا، وَبِي جُرْحٌ بَعْدُ، قَدْ أَعْيَا الْوَاعِظِينَ دَوَاهُ، وَأَعْجَزَ الْمُتَطَبِّبِينَ شِفَاؤُهُ، وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي نَفْعُ مَرَاهِمُكَ لِلْجِرَاحِ وَالْآلَامِ، فَلَا تَأْلُو - رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ - فِي إِيقَاعِ التِّرْيَاقِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُرَّ الْمَذَاقِ، فَإِنِّي مِمَّنْ يَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَلَمِ الدَّوَاءِ رَجَاءَ الشِّفَاءِ. قَالَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى مَنْظَرٍ بَهَرَنِي، وَسَمِعْتُ كَلَامًا قَطَّعَنِي، فَأَفْكَرْتُ طَوِيلًا، ثُمَّ تَأْتِي مِنْ كَلَامِي مَا تَأْتِي، وَسَهُلَ مِنْ صُعُوبَتِهِ مَا مِنْهُ يَرِقُّ لِي. فَقُلْتُ: يَا شَيْخُ، ارْمِ بِبَصَرِ قَلْبِكَ فِي مَلَكُوتِ السَّمَاءِ، وَأَجِلَّ سَمْعَ مَعْرِفَتِكَ فِي سُكَّانِ الْأَرْجَاءِ، وَتَنَقَّلْ بِحَقِيقَةِ إِيمَانِكَ إِلَى جَنَّةِ الْمَأْوَى فَتَرَى مَا أَعَدَّ اللَّهُ فِيهَا لِلْأَوْلِيَاءِ، ثُمَّ تُشْرِفُ عَلَى نَارٍ لَظَى فَتَرَى مَا أُعِدَّ فِيهَا لِلْأَشْقِيَاءِ، فَشَتَّانَ مَا بَيْنَ الدَّارَيْنِ، أَلَيْسَ الْفَرِيقَانِ فِي الْمَوْتِ سَوَاءً؟ قَالَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: فَأَنَّ أَنَّةً، وَصَاحَ صَيْحَةً، وَزَفَرَ وَالْتَوَى، وَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا عَامِرٍ، وَقَعَ وَاللَّهِ دَوَاؤُكَ عَلَى دَائِي، وَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ عِنْدَكَ شِفَائِي، زِدْنِي رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ. فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا شَيْخُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَالِمٌ بِسَرِيرَتِكَ، مُطَّلِعٌ عَلَى خَفِيَّتِكَ، شَاهِدُكَ فِي خَلْوَتِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ، [أَيْنَ] كُنْتَ عِنْدَ اسْتِتَارِكَ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَمُبَارَزَتِهِ. فَصَاحَ صَيْحَةً كَصَيْحَتِهِ الْأُولَى. ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَنْ لِفَقْرِي، مَنْ لِفَاقَتِي، مَنْ لِذَنْبِي، مَنْ لِخَطِيئَتِي؟ أَنْتَ يَا مَوْلَايَ، وَإِلَيْكَ مُنْقَلَبِي. ثُمَّ خَرَّ مَيِّتًا رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. قَالَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: فَأُسْقِطَ فِي يَدِي وَقُلْتُ: مَا جَنَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي. فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَى جَارِيَةٍ عَلَيْهَا مِدْرَعَةُ صُوفٍ، وَخِمَارٌ مِنْ صُوفٍ، قَدْ ذَهَبَ السُّجُودُ بِجَبِينِهَا وَأَنْفِهَا، وَاصْفَرَّ لِطُولِ الْقِيَامِ لَوْنُهَا، وَتَوَرَّمَتْ قَدَمَاهَا، فَقَالَتْ: أَحْسَنْتَ وَاللَّهِ يَا حَادِيَ قُلُوبِ الْعَارِفِينَ، وَمُثِيرَ أَشْجَانِ غَلِيلِ الْمَحْزُونِينَ، لَا نَسِيَ لَكَ هَذَا الْمَقَامَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ، يَا أَبَا عَامِرٍ، هَذَا الشَّيْخُ وَالِدِي، مُبْتَلًى بِالسَّقَمِ مُنْذُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ، صَلَّى حَتَّى أُقْعِدَ، وَبَكَى حَتَّى عَمِيَ، وَكَانَ يَتَمَنَّاكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَيَقُولُ: حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْبُنَانِيِّ، فَأَحْيَا مَوَاتَ قَلْبِي، وَطَرَدَ وَسَنَ نَوْمِي، فَإِنْ سَمِعْتُهُ ثَانِيَةً قَتَلَنِي، فَجَزَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ وَاعِظٍ خَيْرًا، وَمَتَّعَكَ مِنْ كَلِمَكَ بِمَا أَعْطَاكَ، ثُمَّ أَكَبَّتْ عَلَى أَبِيهَا تُقَبِّلُ عَيْنَيْهِ وَهِيَ تَبْكِي وَتَقُولُ: يَا أَبِي، يَا أَبَتَاهُ، يَا مَنْ أَعْمَاهُ الْبُكَاءُ، يَا أَبِي، يَا أَبَتَاهُ، يَا مَنْ قَتَلَهُ ذِكْرُ وَعِيدِ رَبِّهِ ثُمَّ عَلَا الْبُكَاءُ وَالنَّحِيبُ وَالِاسْتِغْفَارُ وَالدُّعَاءُ، وَجَعَلَتْ تَقُولُ: يَا أَبِي، يَا أَبَتَاهُ، يَا حَلِيفَ الْحُرْقَةِ وَالْبُكَاءِ. يَا أَبِي يَا أَبَتَاهُ، يَا جَلِيسَ الِابْتِهَالِ وَالدُّعَاءِ، يَا أَبِي، يَا أَبَتَاهُ، يَا صَرِيخَ الْمُذَكِّرِينَ وَالْخُطَبَاءِ، يَا أَبِي يَا أَبَتَاهُ، يَا قَتِيلَ الْوُعَّاظِ وَالْحُكَمَاءِ. قَالَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: فَأَجَبْتُهَا: أَيَّتُهَا الْبَاكِيَةُ الْجَرْبَاءُ، وَالنَّادِبَةُ الثَّكْلَى، إِنَّ أَبَاكِ نَحْبُهُ قَدْ قُضِيَ، وَوَرَدَ دَارَ الْجَزَاءِ، وَعَايَنَ كُلَّ مَا عَمِلَ، وَعَلَيْهِ يُحْصَى فِي كِتَابٍ عِنْدَ رَبِّي، لَا يَنْسَى لِمُحْسِنٍ فَلَهُ الزُّلْفَى، أَوْ مُسِيءٍ فَوَارِدٌ دَارَ مَنْ أَسَاءَ. فَصَاحَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ كَصَيْحَةِ أَبِيهَا، ثُمَّ جَعَلَتْ تَرْشَحُ عَرَقًا، وَخَرَجْتُ مُبَادِرًا إِلَى مَسْجِدِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ، وَفَرَغْتُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَالدُّعَاءِ وَالِاسْتِغْفَارِ وَالتَّضَرُّعِ وَالْبُكَاءِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ، فَجَاءَنِي الْغُلَامُ الْأَسْوَدُ فَأَذَنَنِي بِجِنَازَتَيْهِمَا وَقَالَ: احْضُرِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَدَفَنَتَهُمَا. وَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُمَا فَقِيلَ لِي مِنْ وَلَدِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ. قَالَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: فَمَا زِلْتُ جَزِعًا حَذِرًا مِمَّا جَنَيْتُ، حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهُمَا فِي الْمَنَامِ عَلَيْهِمَا حُلَّتَانِ خَضْرَاوَتَانِ، فَقُلْتُ: مَرْحَبًا بِكُمَا وَأَهْلًا، فَمَا زِلْتُ حَذِرًا بِمَا وَعَظْتُكُمَا بِهِ، مَاذَا صَنَعَ اللَّهُ بِكُمَا؟ فَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ: أَنْتَ شَرِيكِي فِي الَّذِي نِلْتُهُ مُسْتَأْهِلًا ذَاكَ يَا أَبَا عَامِرِ وَكُلُّ مَنْ أَيْقَظَ ذَا غَفْلَةٍ فَنِصْفُ مَا يُعْطَاهُ لِلْآمِرِ مَنْ رَدَّ عَبْدًا آبِقًا مُذْنِبًا كَانَ كَمَنْ قَدْ رَاقَبَ الْقَاهِرِ وَاجْتَمَعَا فِي دَارِ عَدْلِ وَفِي جِوَارِ رَبٍّ سَيِّدٍ غَافِرِ وَعِيسَى بْنُ عُمَرَ أَبُو عُمَرَ الثَّقَفِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ النَّحْوِيُّ شَيْخُ سِيبَوَيْهِ، يُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ مِنْ مَوَالِي خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، وَإِنَّمَا نَزَلَ فِي ثَقِيفٍ، فَنُسِبَ إِلَيْهِمْ. كَانَ إِمَامًا كَبِيرًا جَلِيلًا فِي اللُّغَةِ وَالنَّحْوِ وَالْقِرَاءَاتِ، أَخَذَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ وَابْنُ مُحَيْصِنٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَسَمِعَ الْحَسَنَ الْبَصْرِيَّ وَغَيْرُهُمْ، وَعَنْهُ الْخَلِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، وَالْأَصْمَعِيُّ، وَسِيبَوَيْهِ، وَلَزِمَهُ وَعُرِفَ بِهِ وَانْتَفَعَ بِهِ، وَأَخَذَ كِتَابَهُ الَّذِي صَنَّفَهُ وَسَمَّاهُ " الْجَامِعَ " فَزَادَ عَلَيْهِ وَبَسَطَهَ، فَهُوَ " كِتَابُ سِيبَوَيْهِ " الْيَوْمَ، وَكَانَ يَسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَشْكَلَ فِيهِ عَلَيْهِ شَيْخَهُ الْخَلِيلَ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ، وَقَدْ سَأَلَ الْخَلِيلُ يَوْمًا سِيبَوَيْهِ عَمَّا صَنَّفَ عِيسَى بْنُ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ: جَمَعَ بِضْعًا وَسَبْعِينَ كِتَابًا، ذَهَبَتْ كُلُّهَا إِلَّا كِتَابَهُ " الْإِكْمَالَ "، وَهُوَ بِأَرْضِ فَارِسَ وَكِتَابَهُ " الْجَامِعَ "، وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَشْتَغِلُ فِيهِ وَأَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ غَوَامِضِهِ. فَأَطْرَقَ الْخَلِيلُ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ أَنْشَدَ: ذَهَبَ النَّحْوُ جَمِيعًا كُلُّهُ غَيْرَ مَا أَحْدَثَ عِيسَى بْنُ عُمَرْ ذَاكَ إِكْمَالٌ وَهَذَا جَامِعٌ وَهُمَا لِلنَّاسِ شَمْسٌ وَقَمَرْ وَقَدْ كَانَ عِيسَى يُغْرِبُ وَيَتَقَعَّرُ فِي عِبَارَتِهِ جِدًّا، وَقَدْ حَكَى الْجَوْهَرِيُّ عَنْهُ فِي الصِّحَاحِ أَنَّهُ سَقَطَ يَوْمًا عَنْ حِمَارِهِ، فَاجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ: مَا لَكُمْ تَكَأْكَأْتُمْ عَلَيَّ تَكَأْكُؤَكُمْ عَلَى ذِي جِنَّةٍ؟! افْرَنْقِعُوا عَنِّي. مَعْنَاهُ: مَا لَكُمْ تَجَمَّعْتُمْ عَلَيَّ تَجَمُّعَكُمْ عَلَى مَجْنُونٍ؟! انْكَشِفُوا عَنِّي. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: كَانَ بِهِ ضِيقُ النَّفَسِ، فَسَقَطَ بِسَبَبِهِ، فَاعْتَقَدَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ مَصْرُوعٌ، فَجَعَلُوا يُعَوِّذُونَهُ وَيَقْرَءُونَ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ مِنْ غَشِيَتِهِ قَالَ مَا قَالَ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنَّ جِنِّيَّتَهُ تَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ. وَذَكَرَ الْقَاضِي ابْنُ خِلِّكَانَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ صَاحِبًا لِأَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ، وَأَنَّ عِيسَى بْنَ عُمَرَ قَالَ يَوْمًا لِأَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ: أَنَا أَفْصَحُ مِنْ مَعَدِّ بْنِ عَدْنَانَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَمْرٍو: كَيْفَ تُنْشِدُ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ: قَدْ كُنْ يَخْبَأْنَ الْوُجُوهَ تَسَتُّرًا فَالْيَوْمَ حِينَ بَدَأْنَ لِلنُّظَّارِ أَوْ " بَدَيْنَ " ؟ فَقَالَ: بَدَيْنَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو: أَخْطَأْتَ. وَلَوْ قَالَ: بَدَأْنَ. لَأَخْطَأَ أَيْضًا، وَإِنَّمَا أَرَادَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو تَغْلِيطَهُ، وَإِنَّمَا الصَّوَابُ: بَدَوْنَ، مِنْ بَدَا يَبْدُو إِذَا ظَهَرَ. وَبَدَأَ يَبْدَأُ إِذَا شَرَعَ فِي الشَّيْءِ.
Translation
✧ Al-Ḥasan b. Yazīd, Abū Yūnus al-ʿIjlī al-Qawī. He heard from Abū Maslama, Saʿīd b. Jubayr, and Mujāhid. Ismāʿīl b. Ziyād said: Abū Yūnus was called al-Qawī only because of his strength in worship. He prayed until he became unable to stand, wept until he went blind, and fasted until he became like a dried date. Sālim b. Qutayba. He was a great commander, abundant in intellect, and of good presence. Al-Manṣūr appointed him over al-Baṣra, then dismissed him. It was narrated from Abū al-Muʿallā al-Thaqafī, who said: A man was mentioned in the gathering of Sālim b. Qutayba, and some of the people of the gathering spoke ill of him. He said: "O you, you have made us feel estranged from yourself, made us feel at ease with your affection, and shown us your fault." Al-Aṣmaʿī said: Our people came to Sālim b. Qutayba for a need and said to him: "We have come to you for something that does not diminish you or harm you." He said: "Then may God not bring you. Why have you come to me? Upon you be the meanest of people." Sālim died in this year, and al-Mahdī prayed over him. ʿImrān b. Ḥarīr, Abū ʿUbayda al-Sadūsī al-Baṣrī. He heard from ʿIkrima and Abū Mijlaz. Shuʿba and Wakīʿ heard from him. He died in this year. Kurz b. Wabara. Of Kufan origin, he settled in Jurjān. He narrated with chains from Ṭāwūs, ʿAṭāʾ, al-Rabīʿ b. Khuthaym, and others. He was a devoted worshiper. Muḥammad b. Fuḍayl b. Ghazwān narrated from his father, who said: I entered the house of Kurz b. Wabara, and there at his prayer place was a pit that he had filled with straw and spread a cloak over it, from the length of his standing. He used to recite the Qurʾān three times every day and night. Abū Sulaymān al-Muktib said: I accompanied Kurz to Makkah. When he dismounted, he would fold his clothes and throw them on the saddle, then withdraw for prayer. When he heard the braying of camels, he would come and hold back from the time. One day he was delayed, and his companions scattered in search of him. I was among those who searched for him. He said: I found him in a hollow praying in a hot hour, and there was a cloud shading him. When he saw me, he came toward me and said: "O Abū Sulaymān, I have a need of you." I said: "What is your need?" He said: "I would like you to conceal from me what you have seen." He said: I said: "That is for you." He said: "Give me a firm pledge." So I swore not to inform anyone until he died. Kahmas b. al-Ḥasan, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Qaysī. He was a devoted, pious worshiper. He used to pray a thousand rakʿas every day and night, and he would say to himself: "Arise, O abode of every evil, for by God I have never approved of you for God for even an hour." ʿUmāra b. Zādān said: Kahmas said to me: "O Abū Salama, I committed a sin, and I have wept over it for forty years." I said: "What is it, O Abū ʿAbd Allāh?" He said: "A brother of mine visited me, and I bought fish for him for a dāniq. When he ate, I went to the wall of my neighbor and took a piece of clay from it, and he washed his hand with it. I have wept over that for forty years." A devout ʿAlid from Madīnah. Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-ʿAlāʾ said: My father narrated to me, saying: I heard Abū ʿĀmir al-Wāʿiẓ say: While I was sitting in the mosque of the Messenger of God ﷺ, a black boy came to me with a note. I read it, and in it was written: "In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. May God grant you enjoyment through nightly reflection, bless you with the comfort of contemplation, and single you out for the love of solitude. O Abū ʿĀmir, I am a man from among your brothers. News of your arrival in Madīnah reached me, and I rejoiced at that. I wished to visit you, and I have such longing to sit with you and listen to your discourse that if it were above me it would shade me, and if it were below me it would carry me. I ask you by the One who endowed you with eloquence to join me to the wing of access through your visit. And peace." Abū ʿĀmir said: I rose with the messenger until he brought me to a courtyard and admitted me into a spacious, ruined dwelling. He said to me: "Stand here until I seek permission for you." He stood, then came out to me and said: "Enter." I entered, and there was a room set apart in the ruins, with a door of palm branches. There was an elderly man sitting facing the qibla. You would think him distressed from love-longing and grieved from fear. His sorrows had appeared on his face, his eyes were gone from weeping, and his eyelids were diseased. I greeted him, and he returned the greeting. Then he moved, and he was blind, lame, and ill. He said to me: "O Abū ʿĀmir, may God wash from the filth of sins your heart. My heart has not ceased to be eager for you and longing to hear admonition from you. I have a wound still that has wearied the healers' remedy and defeated the physicians' cure. News has reached me of the benefit of your salves for wounds and pains, so do not fail—may God have mercy on you—to apply the antidote, even if its taste is bitter. For I am one who endures the pain of medicine in hope of healing." Abū ʿĀmir said: I looked at a sight that dazzled me, and I heard speech that cut me. I reflected for a long time, then some of my words came as they came, and some of their difficulty softened and became gentle for me. I said: "O shaykh, cast the sight of your heart into the dominion of heaven, and let the hearing of your knowledge roam among the inhabitants of the horizons, and move with the reality of your faith to the Garden of Refuge, so that you may see what God has prepared therein for the friends of God. Then you will look down upon the blazing Fire and see what is prepared therein for the wretched. How far apart are the two abodes! Are not the two parties equal in death?" Abū ʿĀmir said: He let out a groan, cried out a cry, heaved a sigh, and writhed, and said: "O Abū ʿĀmir, by God your remedy has fallen upon my disease, and I hope that with you is my cure. Give me more, may God have mercy on you." I said to him: "O shaykh, God knows your innermost secret, is aware of your hidden state, and witnesses you in your solitude with His eye. Where were you when you concealed yourself from His creation and confronted Him?" He cried out a cry like his first. Then he said: "Who will help my poverty, who will help my need, who will help my sin, who will help my error? You, O my Master, and to You is my return." Then he fell dead, may God have mercy on him. Abū ʿĀmir said: I was at a loss, and I said: "What have I brought upon myself?" Then I went out to a girl wearing a woolen garment and a woolen veil. Prostration had worn away her forehead and nose, her color had yellowed from long standing, and her feet were swollen. She said: "You have done well, by God, O driver of the hearts of the knowers, and stirrer of the griefs of the burning sorrow of the sorrowful. May the Lord of the worlds not forget this station for you, O Abū ʿĀmir. This shaykh is my father. He has been afflicted with illness for ten years. He prayed until he became unable to stand, and wept until he went blind. He used to long for you before God and say: 'I attended the gathering of Abū ʿĀmir al-Bunānī, and he revived the deadness of my heart and drove away the drowsiness of my sleep. If I hear him a second time, he will kill me.' May God reward you as an admonisher with good, and grant you enjoyment of your speech with what He has given you." Then she leaned over her father, kissing his eyes while weeping and saying: "O my father, O my dear father, O you whom weeping has blinded! O my father, O my dear father, O you whom the remembrance of the threat of his Lord has killed!" Then weeping, wailing, seeking forgiveness, and supplication grew loud, and she began to say: "O my father, O my dear father, O ally of burning and weeping! O my father, O my dear father, O companion of humble supplication and prayer! O my father, O my dear father, O cry of the reminders and orators! O my father, O my dear father, O victim of the admonishers and sages!" Abū ʿĀmir said: I answered her: "O weeping, wounded one, O bereaved mourner, your father's term has been fulfilled. He has arrived at the abode of recompense and has seen all that he did. It is recorded for him in a book with my Lord, which does not forget. For the good-doer there is nearness, and for the evil-doer he will go to the abode of the one who did evil." The girl cried out a cry like her father's, then began to sweat. I hurried out to the mosque of the Chosen One ﷺ and devoted myself to prayer, supplication, seeking forgiveness, humble entreaty, and weeping. Then at the time of the afternoon prayer, the black boy came to me and informed me of their funerals, saying: "Attend the prayer over them and their burial." I asked about them, and it was said to me that they were from the descendants of al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ. Abū ʿĀmir said: I remained anxious and wary of what I had brought upon myself, until I saw them in a dream wearing two green garments. I said: "Welcome to you both. I have remained wary because of what I admonished you with. What has God done with you?" The shaykh said: "You are my partner in what I have attained, deserving that, O Abū ʿĀmir. And everyone who awakens one who is heedless, half of what is given goes to the commander. Whoever brings back a runaway, sinful servant is like one who has watched over the Subduer. And they both gathered in the abode of justice, in the neighborhood of a forgiving, sovereign Lord." And ʿĪsā b. ʿUmar, Abū ʿUmar al-Thaqafī al-Baṣrī, the grammarian, the shaykh of Sībawayh. It is said that he was among the clients of Khālid b. al-Walīd, and that he settled among Thaqīf, so he was attributed to them. He was a great, dignified imam in language, grammar, and Qurʾānic readings. He took that from ʿAbd Allāh b. Kathīr, Ibn Muḥayṣin, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Isḥāq. He heard from al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī and others. From him narrated al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad, al-Aṣmaʿī, and Sībawayh, who accompanied him, became known through him, and benefited from him. He took his book, which he compiled and named "al-Jāmiʿ," and added to it and expanded it, and it is the "Kitāb of Sībawayh" today. He used to ask his shaykh al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad about whatever was problematic in it. One day al-Khalīl asked Sībawayh about what ʿĪsā b. ʿUmar had compiled, and he said: "He compiled seventy-some books. All of them are lost except his book "al-Ikmāl," which is in the land of Fāris, and his book "al-Jāmiʿ," which is the one I am occupied with and about whose obscurities I ask you." Al-Khalīl bowed his head for a while, then recited: "Grammar has gone entirely, all of it, except what ʿĪsā b. ʿUmar produced. That is Ikmāl and this is Jāmiʿ, and they are for the people a sun and a moon." ʿĪsā used to use strange expressions and affect obscurity in his speech intensely. Al-Jawharī related from him in al-Ṣiḥāḥ that one day he fell from his donkey, and people gathered around him. He said: "What is the matter with you crowding around me as you crowd around one possessed by a jinn? Dispers from me!" Its meaning: "What is the matter with you gathering around me as you gather around a madman? Move away from me!" Another said: He suffered from shortness of breath, and he fell because of it. The people believed he was afflicted with epilepsy, so they began to recite incantations over him and recite over him. When he recovered from his swoon, he said what he said, and some of them said: "His jinn speaks Persian." Al-Qāḍī Ibn Khallikān mentioned that he was a companion of Abū ʿAmr b. al-ʿAlāʾ, and that ʿĪsā b. ʿUmar said one day to Abū ʿAmr b. al-ʿAlāʾ: "I am more eloquent than Maʿadd b. ʿAdnān." Abū ʿAmr said to him: "How do you recite this verse: 'They used to hide their faces in concealment, but today when they appeared to the onlookers' Is it 'badaʾna' or 'badayna'?" He said: "badayna." Abū ʿAmr said: "You erred. And if he had said 'badaʾna,' he would also have erred." Abū ʿAmr only wanted to show his error. The correct form is "badawna," from badā yabdū when it means to appear. Badaʾa yabdaʾu means to begin something.
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