Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2731
Then the Year 137 AH Began
قَالَ عُلَمَاءُ السِّيَرِ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ هَمَّ بِقَتْلِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ صَاحِبِ حَرَسِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ، وَبِقَتْلِ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - وَكَانَ عَلَى شَرْطِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ - فَكَلَّمَهُ أَبُو الْجَهْمِ وَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، جُنْدُهُ جُنْدُكَ، أَمَرْتَهُمْ بِطَاعَتِهِ فَأَطَاعُوهُ. فَدَعَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ وَقَالَ: أَنْتَ الْمُبَايِعُ لِعَدُوِّ اللَّهِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ عَلَى مَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ. فَجَعَلَ يَلْتَفِتُ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا تَخَوُّفًا مِنْ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ: تَكَلَّمْ بِمَا أَرَدْتَ، فَقَدْ قَتَلَ اللَّهُ الْفَاسِقَ. وَأَمَرَ بِإِخْرَاجِهِ إِلَيْهِ مُقَطَّعًا، فَخَرَّ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ سَاجِدًا، فَأَطَالَ السُّجُودَ وَقَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، وَاللَّهِ مَا أَمِنْتُهُ يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا، وَمَا جِئْتُهُ يَوْمًا إِلَّا وَقَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ وَتَكَفَّنْتُ وَتَحَنَّطْتُ. فَقَالَ: اسْتَقْبِلْ طَاعَةَ خَلِيفَتِكَ، وَاحْمَدِ اللَّهَ الَّذِي أَرَاحَكَ مِنَ الْفَاسِقِ، ثُمَّ دَعَا مَالِكَ بْنَ الْهَيْثَمِ فَكَلَّمَهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ، فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ بِأَنَّهُ أَمَرَهُ بِطَاعَتِهِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ بِتَفْرِيقِ جُنْدِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ. وَبَعَثَ إِلَى عِدَّةٍ مِنْ قُوَّادِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ بِجَوَائِزَ سَنِيَّةٍ، وَأَعْطَى جَمِيعَ جُنُودِهِ حَتَّى رَضُوا. وَكَانَ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ قَدْ خَلَّفَ أَصْحَابَهُ بِحُلْوَانَ وَقَدِمَ الْمَدَائِنَ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ آلَافٍ، وَخَلَّفَ أَبَا نَصْرٍ عَلَى ثَقَلِهِ وَقَالَ: أَقِمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ كِتَابِي، قَالَ: فَاجْعَلْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ آيَةً أَعْرِفُ بِهَا كِتَابَكَ. قَالَ: إِنْ أَتَاكَ كِتَابِي مَخْتُومًا بِنِصْفِ خَاتَمٍ فَأَنَا كَتَبْتُهُ، وَإِنْ أَتَاكَ بِخَاتَمٍ كُلِّهِ فَلَمْ أَكْتُبْهُ. فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ كَتَبَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ إِلَى أَبِي نَصْرٍ كِتَابًا عَنْ لِسَانِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ يَأْمُرُهُ بِحَمْلِ ثَقَلِهِ وَمَا خَلَّفَ عِنْدَهُ، وَأَنْ يَقْدَمَ. وَخَتَمَ الْكِتَابَ بِخَاتَمِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو نَصْرٍ نَقْشَ الْخَاتَمِ تَامًّا عَلِمَ أَنَّ أَبَا مُسْلِمٍ لَمْ يَكْتُبْهُ، فَقَالَ: أَفَعُلْتُمُوهَا، وَانْحَدَرَ إِلَى هَمْدَانَ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ خُرَاسَانَ، فَكَتَبَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ إِلَى أَبِي نَصْرٍ بِعَهْدِهِ عَلَى شَهْرَزُورَ، فَلَمَّا مَضَى الْعَهْدُ جَاءَهُ الْخَبَرُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ، فَكَتَبَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِهَمْدَانَ: إِنْ مَرَّ بِكَ أَبُو نَصْرٍ فَاحْبِسْهُ. فَأَخَذَهُ فَحَبَسَهُ، فَقَدِمَ صَاحِبُ [الْكِتَابِ] بِالْعَهْدِ لِأَبِي نَصْرٍ فَخَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ، ثُمَّ قَدِمَ كِتَابٌ آخَرُ بَعْدَهُ بِيَوْمَيْنِ يَقُولُ فِيهِ: إِنْ كُنْتَ أَخَذْتَ أَبَا نَصْرٍ فَاقْتُلْهُ. فَقَالَ: جَاءَنِي كِتَابُ عَهْدِهِ فَخَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ. وَقَدِمَ أَبُو نَصْرٍ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَشَرْتُ عَلَى أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ بِالْمُضِيِّ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدِي أَيَادٍ وَصَنَائِعُ، فَاسْتَشَارَنِي فَنَصَحْتُهُ، وَأَنْتَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِ اصْطَنَعْتَنِي نَصَحْتُ لَكَ وَشَكَرْتُ. فَعَفَا عَنْهُ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَنَّ الْمَنْصُورَ كَتَبَ إِلَى عَامِلِ أَصْبَهَانَ: لِلَّهِ دَمُكَ إِنْ فَاتَكَ - يَعْنِي أَبَا نَصْرٍ فَأَخَذَهُ وَأَوْثَقَهُ وَبَعَثَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَصَفَحَ عَنْهُ. وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُو الْجَهْمِ بْنُ عَطِيَّةَ أَحَدَ النُّقَبَاءِ، وَكَانَ عَيْنًا لِأَبِي مُسْلِمٍ عَلَى الْمَنْصُورِ، فَلَمَّا اتَّهَمَهُ الْمَنْصُورُ طَاوَلَهُ يَوْمًا بِالْحَدِيثِ حَتَّى عَطِشَ، فَاسْتَسْقَى مَاءً فَدَعِي لَهُ بِسَوِيقِ لَوْزٍ مَمْزُوجٍ بِالسُّكَّرِ، وَفِيهِ سُمٌّ، فَشَرِبَهُ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ فِي جَوْفِهِ أَحَسَّ بِالْمَوْتِ، فَوَثَبَ مُسْرِعًا فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِلَى أَيْنَ؟ قَالَ: إِلَى حَيْثُ أَرْسَلْتَنِي. فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَحْلِهِ فَمَاتَ. فَقَالَ الشَّاعِرُ: تَجَنَّبْ سَوِيقَ اللَّوْزِ لَا تَقْرَبَنَّهُ فَشُرْبُ سَوِيقِ اللَّوْزِ أَوْدَى أَبَا الْجَهْمِ وَذَهَبَتْ "شَرْبَةُ أَبِي الْجَهْمِ" مَثَلًا لِلشَّيْءِ الطَّيِّبِ الطَّعْمِ الْخَبِيثِ الْعَاقِبَةِ. قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْحَافِظُ: إِنَّ الْمَنْصُورَ كَانَ يَقُولُ: ثَلَاثٌ كُنَّ فِي صَدْرِي شَفَى اللَّهُ مِنْهَا: كِتَابُ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ إِلَيَّ وَأَنَا خَلِيفَةٌ: عَافَانَا اللَّهُ وَإِيَّاكَ مِنَ السُّوءِ، وَدُخُولُ رَسُولِهِ عَلَيْنَا وَقَوْلُهُ: أَيُّكُمُ ابْنُ الْحَارِثِيَّةِ؟ وَضَرْبُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ ظَهْرِي بِالسِّيَاطِ. قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ قَدِ اسْتَعْمَلَ الْمَنْصُورَ عَلَى بَعْضِ كُوَرِ فَارِسَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَصِيرَ الْخِلَافَةُ إِلَى بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ، فَاحْتَجَزَ الْمَالَ لِنَفْسِهِ، فَضَرَبَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ بِالسِّيَاطِ ضَرْبًا شَدِيدًا وَأَغْرَمَهُ الْمَالَ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ الْخِلَافَةَ ضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ.
Translation
✧ The scholars of biographical narratives said: Then Abū Jaʿfar resolved to kill Abū Isḥāq, the commander of Abū Muslim's guard, and to kill Naṣr b. Mālik—who was over Abū Muslim's shurṭah—so Abū al-Jahm spoke to him and said: O Commander of the Faithful, his army is your army; you commanded them to obey him, and they obeyed him. So he summoned Abū Isḥāq and said: You are the one who pledged allegiance to the enemy of God, Abū Muslim, for what he used to do. He began looking right and left out of fear of Abū Muslim. Al-Manṣūr said to him: Speak what you wish, for God has killed the transgressor. And he ordered that he be brought out to him cut to pieces, so Abū Isḥāq fell down prostrating, and he prolonged the prostration and said: Praise be to God. By God, I never felt safe from him for a single day, and I never came to him on any day except that I had made my will, shrouded myself, and perfumed myself. He said: Turn to obedience to your caliph, and praise God who has given you rest from the transgressor. Then he summoned Mālik b. al-Haytham and spoke to him similarly, and he excused himself to him, saying that he had commanded him to obey him. Then he ordered them to disperse Abū Muslim's army. And he sent to several of Abū Muslim's commanders generous gifts, and he gave to all of his soldiers until they were satisfied. Abū Muslim had left his companions at Ḥulwān and had come to al-Madāʾin with three thousand, and he had left Abū Naṣr over his baggage and said: Stay until my letter comes to you. He said: Then set between me and you a sign by which I will recognize your letter. He said: If my letter comes to you sealed with half of a seal, then I wrote it; and if it comes to you with the whole seal, then I did not write it. When Abū Muslim was killed, Abū Jaʿfar wrote to Abū Naṣr a letter in the words of Abū Muslim, commanding him to bring his baggage and what he had left with him, and to come forward. He sealed the letter with Abū Muslim's seal. When Abū Naṣr saw the impression of the seal complete, he knew that Abū Muslim had not written it, so he said: You have done it? And he went down to Hamadhān, intending Khurāsān. Abū Jaʿfar wrote to Abū Naṣr with his appointment over Shahrazūr. When the appointment passed, news came to him that he had set out for Khurāsān, so Abū Jaʿfar wrote to his governor in Hamadhān: If Abū Naṣr passes by you, detain him. So he seized him and imprisoned him. Then the bearer of the letter with the appointment for Abū Naṣr arrived, and he released him. Then another letter came two days later, saying in it: If you have taken Abū Naṣr, kill him. He said: His letter of appointment came to me, so I released him. Abū Naṣr came to Abū Jaʿfar, and he said to him: I advised Abū Muslim to go to Khurāsān. He said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, he had favors and kindnesses with me, so he consulted me, and I gave him sincere advice. And you, O Commander of the Faithful, if you treat me kindly, I will give you sincere advice and be grateful. So he pardoned him. In another narration: Al-Manṣūr wrote to his governor of Iṣbahān: May God have your blood if he escapes you—meaning Abū Naṣr. So he seized him, bound him, and sent him to him, and he forgave him. Abū al-Jahm b. ʿAṭiyyah had been one of the nuqabāʾ, and he was a spy for Abū Muslim against al-Manṣūr. When al-Manṣūr suspected him, he prolonged conversation with him one day until he became thirsty, so he asked for water, and almond gruel mixed with sugar was brought to him, and in it was poison. He drank it. When it settled in his belly, he felt death, so he jumped up hastily. He said to him: Where to? He said: To where you sent me. So he returned to his camp and died. The poet said: Avoid almond gruel, do not go near it, for drinking almond gruel destroyed Abā al-Jahm. And "the drink of Abū al-Jahm" became a proverb for something sweet in taste but evil in consequence. Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Saʿīd al-Ḥāfiẓ said: Al-Manṣūr used to say: Three things were in my chest from which God healed me: Abū Muslim's letter to me when I was caliph: May God protect us and you from evil; and the entry of his messenger upon us and his saying: Which of you is the son of the Ḥārithite woman?; and Sulaymān b. Ḥabīb's striking of my back with whips. Abū Muḥammad said: Sulaymān had appointed al-Manṣūr over some of the districts of Fārs before the caliphate came to the Banū al-ʿAbbās, and he withheld the money for himself, so Sulaymān struck him with whips severely and made him pay the money. When he assumed the caliphate, he struck his neck.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.