Tarikh (al-Tabari) 271
The story of Sulaymān b. Dāwūd (peace be upon them both)
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَوَرِثَ سُلَيْمَانُ دَاوُدَ وَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ عُلِّمْنَا مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَأُوتِينَا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِنَّ هَذَا لَهُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْمُبِينُ [ النَّمْلِ: 16 ]. أَيْ: وَرِثَهُ فِي النُّبُوَّةِ وَالْمُلْكِ. وَلَيْسَ الْمُرَادُ وِرَاثَةَ الْمَالِ ; لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ لَهُ بَنُونَ غَيْرُهُ، فَمَا كَانَ لِيُخَصَّ بِالْمَالِ دُونَهُمْ. وَلِأَنَّهُ قَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي " الصِّحَاحِ " مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ، عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، قَالَ: لَا نُورَثُ، مَا تَرَكْنَا فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ وَفِي لَفْظٍ: إِنَّا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَا نُورَثُ فَأَخْبَرَ الصَّادِقُ الْمَصْدُوقُ أَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ لَا تُورَثُ أَمْوَالُهُمْ عَنْهُمْ كَمَا يُورَثُ غَيْرُهُمْ ، بَلْ تَكُونُ أَمْوَالُهُمْ صَدَقَةً مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ عَلَى الْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَحَاوِيجِ، لَا يَخُصُّونَ بِهَا أَقْرِبَاءَهُمْ ; لِأَنَّ الدُّنْيَا كَانَتْ أَهْوَنَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَحْقَرَ عِنْدَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، كَمَا هِيَ عِنْدَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَهُمْ وَاصْطَفَاهُمْ وَفَضَّلَهُمْ. وَقِيلَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ دَاوُدُ مَلَكَ بَعْدَهُ ابْنُهُ سُلَيْمَانُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَكَانَ ابْنَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَآتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَعَ الْمُلْكِ النُّبُوَّةَ، وَسَأَلَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُؤْتِيَهُ مُلْكًا لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، فَاسْتَجَابَ لَهُ وَسَخَّرَ لَهُ الْإِنْسَ، وَالْجِنَّ، وَالشَّيَاطِينَ، وَالطَّيْرَ، وَالرِّيحَ، فَكَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ عَكَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ الطَّيْرُ وَقَامَ لَهُ الْإِنْسُ وَالْجِنُّ حَتَّى يَجْلِسَ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّمَا سَخَّرَ لَهُ الرِّيحَ، وَالْجِنَّ، وَالشَّيَاطِينَ، وَالطَّيْرَ، وَغَيْرَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ أَنْ زَالَ مُلْكُهُ، وَأَعَادَهُ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ إِلَيْهِ.
Translation
✧ Allah Almighty said: “And Sulaymān inherited Dāwūd. He said, ‘O mankind, we have been taught the speech of birds, and we have been given from all things. Indeed, this is the manifest bounty’” [al-Naml: 16]. Meaning: He inherited him in prophethood and kingship. What is intended is not the inheritance of wealth, because he had sons other than him, and he would not have been singled out for wealth to their exclusion. And because it is established in the “Ṣaḥīḥs” through more than one chain, from a group of the Companions, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “We are not inherited from; what we leave behind is charity.” And in another wording: “We, the company of prophets, are not inherited from.” The truthful and attested one informed that the prophets’ wealth is not inherited from them as others are inherited from; rather, their wealth becomes charity after them for the poor and needy, not singling out their relatives with it, because the world was more insignificant and contemptible to them than that, just as it is with the One who sent them, chose them, and favored them. It was said: When Dāwūd died, his son Sulaymān ruled over the Children of Israel after him, and he was thirteen years old. Allah gave him prophethood along with kingship. He asked Allah to give him a kingdom that would not befit anyone after him, so He answered him and subjugated to him humans, jinn, devils, birds, and the wind. When he went out from his house to his assembly, the birds would hover over him and the humans and jinn would stand for him until he sat. It was said: The wind, the jinn, the devils, the birds, and other things were subjugated to him only after his kingdom was removed and Allah, glorified be He, restored it to him.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.