Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2606
Then the Year 126 AH Began
ذِكْرُ قَتْلِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ قُتِلَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ سبب مقتل الوليد بن يزيد كَانَ سَبَبُ قَتْلِهِ مَا تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ مِنْ خَلَاعَتِهِ وَمَجَانَتِهِ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ الْخِلَافَةَ لَمْ يَزِدْ مِنَ الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ مِنَ اللَّهْوِ وَاللَّذَّةِ وَالرُّكُوبِ لِلصَّيْدِ وَشُرْبِ النَّبِيذِ وَمُنَادَمَةِ الْفُسَّاقِ إِلَّا تَمَادِيًا، فَثَقُلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى رَعِيَّتِهِ وَجُنْدِهِ وَكَرِهُوا أَمْرَهُ، وَكَانَ أَعْظَمُهُ مَا جَنَى عَلَى نَفْسِهِ إِفْسَادَهُ بَنِي عَمَّيْهِ هِشَامٍ وَالْوَلِيدِ، فَإِنَّهُ أَخَذَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ، فَضَرَبَهُ مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ، وَحَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ وَلِحْيَتَهُ، وَغَرَّبَهُ إِلَى عَمَّانَ مِنْ أَرْضِ الشَّامِ فَحَبَسَهُ بِهَا، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَحْبُوسًا حَتَّى قُتِلَ الْوَلِيدُ، فَأَخَذَ جَارِيَةً كَانَتْ لِآلِ الْوَلِيدِ، فَكَلَّمَهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فِي رَدِّهَا، فَقَالَ: لَا أَرُدُّهَا. فَقَالَ: إِذَنْ تَكْثُرُ الصَّوَاهِلُ حَوْلَ عَسْكَرِكَ ! وَحَبَسَ الْأَفْقَمُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ، وَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ رَوْحِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَبَيْنَ امْرَأَتِهِ وَحَبَسَ عِدَّةً مِنْ وَلَدِ الْوَلِيدِ، فَرَمَاهُ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْوَلِيدِ بِالْكُفْرِ وَغِشْيَانِ أُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادِ أَبِيهِ وَقَالُوا: قَدِ اتَّخَذَ مِائَةً جَامِعَةً لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ. وَكَانَ أَشَدُّهُمْ فِيهِ يَزِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَمْيَلَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يُظْهِرُ النُّسُكَ وَيَتَوَاضَعُ، وَكَانَ قَدْ نَهَاهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ بَيْهَسِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ عَنِ الْبَيْعَةِ لِابْنَيْهِ الْحَكَمِ وَعُثْمَانَ لِصِغَرِهِمَا، فَحَبَسَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ فِي الْحَبْسِ. وَقَالُوا: قَدِ اتَّخَذَ مِائَةَ جَامِعَةٍ، عَلَى كُلِّ جَامِعَةٍ اسْمُ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ لِيَقْتُلَهُ بِهَا ثُمَّ اسْتَقْدَمَ يُوسُفَ بْنَ عُمَرَ مِنِ الْعِرَاقِ وَطَلَبَ مِنْهُ أَنْ يُحْضِرَ مَعَهُ الْأَمْوَالَ، وَأَرَادَ عَزْلَهُ وَتَوْلِيَةَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ. فَقَدِمَ يُوسُفُ بِأَمْوَالٍ لَمْ يُحْمَلْ مِنَ الْعِرَاقِ مِثْلُهَا، فَلَقِيَهُ حَسَّانُ النَّبَطِيُّ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ الْوَلِيدَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ الرُّشَى إِلَى وُزَرَائِهِ، فَفَرَّقَ فِيهِمْ خَمْسَمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ، وَقَالَ لَهُ حَسَّانُ: اكْتُبْ عَلَى لِسَانِ خَلِيفَتِكَ بِالْعِرَاقِ كِتَابًا: إِنِّي كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَلَا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا الْقَصْرَ، وَادْخُلْ عَلَى الْوَلِيدِ وَالْكِتَابُ مَعَكَ مَخْتُومٌ وَاشْتَرِ مِنْهُ خَالِدًا، فَفَعَلَ، فَأَمَرَهُ الْوَلِيدُ بِالْعَوْدِ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ، وَاشْتَرَى مِنْهُ خَالِدًا الْقَسْرِيَّ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ أَلْفٍ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَخَذَهُ مَعَهُ فِي مَحْمَلٍ بِغَيْرِ وَطَاءٍ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ. فَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ شِعْرًا عَلَى لِسَانِ الْوَلِيدِ يُحَرِّضُ عَلَيْهِ الْيَمَانِيَّةَ وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهَا لِلْوَلِيدِ يُوَبِّخُ الْيَمَنَ عَلَى تَرْكِ نَصْرِ خَالِدٍ: أَلَمْ تَهْتَجْ فَتَذَّكِرِ الْوِصَالَا وَحَبْلًا كَانَ مُتَّصِلًا فَزَالَا بَلَى فَالدَّمْعُ مِنْكَ إِلَى انْسِجَامٍ كَمَاءِ الْمُزْنِ يَنْسَجِلُ انْسِجَالًا فَدَعْ عَنْكَ ادِّكَارَكَ آلَ سُعْدَى فَنَحْنُ الْأَكْثَرُونَ حَصًى وَمَالَا وَنَحْنُ الْمَالِكُونَ النَّاسَ قَسْرًا نَسُومُهُمُ الْمَذَلَّةَ وَالنَّكَالَا وَطْئِنَا الْأَشْعَرَيْنِ بِعِزِّ قَيْسٍ فَيَا لَكِ وَطْأَةً لَنْ تُسْتَقَالَا وَهَذَا خَالِدٌ فِينَا أَسِيرٌ أَلَا مَنَعُوهُ إِنْ كَانُوا رِجَالًا عَظِيمُهُمُ وَسَيِّدُهُمْ قَدِيمًا جَعَلْنَا الْمُخْزِيَاتِ لَهُ ظِلَالَا فَلَوْ كَانَتْ قَبَائِلَ ذَاتَ عِزٍّ لَمَا ذَهَبَتْ صَنَائِعُهُ ضَلَالًا وَلَا تَرَكُوهُ مَسْلُوبًا أَسِيرًا يُعَالِجُ مِنْ سَلَاسِلِنَا الثِّقَالَا وَكِنْدَةُ وَالسَّكُونُ فَمَا اسْتَقَالُوا وَلَا بَرِحَتْ خُيُولُهُمُ الرِّحَالَا بِهَا سُمْنَا الْبَرِيَّةَ كُلَّ خَسْفٍ وَهَدَّمْنَا السُّهُولَةَ وَالْجِبَالَا وَلَكِنَّ الْوَقَائِعَ ضَعْضَعَتْهُمْ وَجَذَّتْهُمْ وَرَدَّتْهُمْ شِلَالَا فَمَا زَالُوا لَنَا أَبَدًا عَبِيدًا نَسُومُهُمُ الْمَذَلَّةَ وَالسَّفَالَا فَأَصْبَحْتُ الْغَدَاةَ عَلَيَّ تَاجٌ لِمُلْكِ النَّاسِ مَا يَبْغِي انْتِقَالَا فَعَظُمَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَسَعَوْا فِي قَتْلِهِ وَازْدَادُوا حَنَقًا، وَقَالَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ بِيضٍ فِي الْوَلِيدِ: وَصَلْتَ سَمَاءَ الضُّرِّ بِالضُّرِّ بَعْدَمَا زَعَمْتَ سَمَاءَ الضُّرِّ عَنَّا سَتُقْلِعُ فَلَيْتَ هِشَامًا كَانَ حَيًّا يَسُومُنَا وَكُنَّا كَمَا كُنَّا نُرَجِّي وَنَطْمَعُ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: يَا وَلِيدَ الْخَنَا تَرَكْتَ الطَّرِيقَا وَاضِحًا وَارْتَكَبْتَ فَجًّا عَمِيقَا وَتَمَادَيْتَ وَاعْتَدَيْتَ وَأَسْرَفْ تَ وَأَغْرَيْتَ وَانْبَعَثْتَ فُسُوقَا أَبَدًا هَاتِ ثُمَّ هَاتِ وَهَاتِي ثُمَّ هَاتِي حَتَّى تَخِرَّ صَعِيقَا أَنْتَ سَكْرَانُ مَا تُفِيقُ فَمَا تَرْ تِقُ فَتْقًا وَقَدْ فَتَقْتَ فُتُوقَا ثُمَّ إن يزيد بن الوليد بويع له سرا ودخل دمشق وبايعه أهلها كما سيأتي فَجَهَّزَ جَيْشًا وَسَيَّرَهُمْ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَجَعَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ الْعَزِيزِ بْنَ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ. وَكَانَ يَزِيدُ لَمَّا ظَهَرَ بِدِمَشْقَ سَارَ مَوْلًى لِلْوَلِيدِ إِلَيْهِ فَأَعْلَمَهُ الْخَبَرَ وَهُوَ بِالْأَغْدَفِ مِنْ عَمَّانَ، فَضَرَبَهُ الْوَلِيدُ وَحَبَسَهُ وَسَيَّرَ أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ إِلَى دِمَشْقَ، فَسَارَ بَعْضَ الطَّرِيقِ فَأَقَامَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَصَادٍ، فَسَأَلَهُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ ثُمَّ بَايَعَ لِيَزِيدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ. وَلَمَّا أَتَى الْخَبَرُ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ قَالَ لَهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ: سِرْ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ حِمْصَ فَإِنَّهَا حَصِينَةٌ، وَوَجِّهِ الْخُيُولَ إِلَى يَزِيدَ فَيُقْتَلُ أَوْ يُؤْسَرُ. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ: مَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْخَلِيفَةِ أَنْ يَدَعَ عَسْكَرَهُ وَنِسَاءَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ، وَاللَّهُ يُؤَيِّدُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَيَنْصُرُهُ. فَقَالَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ: وَمَا نَخَافُ عَلَى حُرَمِهِ، وَإِنَّمَا أَتَاهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِنَّ. فَأَخَذَ بِقَوْلِ ابْنِ عَنْبَسَةَ وَسَارَ حَتَّى أَتَى الْبَخْرَاءَ قَصْرَ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، وَسَارَ مَعَهُ مِنْ وَلَدِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا فَقَالُوا لَهُ: لَيْسَ لَنَا سِلَاحٌ، فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ لَنَا بِسِلَاحٍ. فَمَا أَعْطَاهُمْ شَيْئًا. وَنَازَلَهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، وَكَتَبَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ: إِنِّي آتِيكَ. فَقَالَ الْوَلِيدُ: أَخْرِجُوا سَرِيرًا، فَأَخْرَجُوهُ، فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ وَانْتَظَرَ الْعَبَّاسَ. فَقَاتَلَهُمْ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ وَمَعَهُ مَنْصُورُ بْنُ جُمْهُورٍ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ زِيَادَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ الْكَلْبِيَّ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ، فَقَتَلَهُ أَصْحَابُ الْوَلِيدِ، وَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَكَانَ الْوَلِيدُ قَدْ أَخْرَجَ لِوَاءَ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الَّذِي كَانَ عَقَدَهُ بِالْجَابِيَةِ. وَبَلَغَ عَبْدَ الْعَزِيزِ مَسِيرُ الْعَبَّاسِ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ، فَأَرْسَلَ مَنْصُورَ بْنَ جُمْهُورٍ إِلَى طَرِيقِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ قَهْرًا وَأُتِيَ بِهِ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَ لَهُ: بَايِعْ لِأَخِيكَ يَزِيدَ. فَبَايَعَ وَوَقَفَ، وَنَصَبُوا رَايَةً وَقَالُوا: هَذِهِ رَايَةُ الْعَبَّاسِ قَدْ بَايَعَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَزِيدَ. فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: إِنَّا لِلَّهِ، خُدْعَةٌ مِنْ خُدَعِ الشَّيْطَانِ، هَلَكَ بَنُو مَرْوَانَ. فَتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَأَتَوُا الْعَبَّاسَ وَعَبْدَ الْعَزِيزِ. وَأَرْسَلَ الْوَلِيدُ إِلَى عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ يَبْذُلُ لَهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَوِلَايَةَ حِمْصَ مَا بَقِيَ وَيُؤَمِّنُهُ مِنْ كُلِّ حَدَثٍ عَلَى أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ عَنْ قِتَالِهِ. فَأَبَى وَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ. فَظَاهَرَ الْوَلِيدُ بَيْنَ دِرْعَيْنِ، وَأَتَوْهُ بِفَرَسَيْهِ السِّنْدِيِّ الزَّائِدِ فَقَاتَلَهُمْ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، فَنَادَاهُمْ رَجُلٌ: اقْتُلُوا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ قِتْلَةَ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ ! ارْجُمُوهُ بِالْحِجَارَةِ ! فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ دَخَلَ الْقَصْرَ وَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْبَابَ وَقَالَ: دَعُوا لِيَ سُلَيْمَى وَالطِّلَاءَ وَقَيْنَةً وَكَأْسًا أَلَا حَسْبِي بِذَلِكَ مَالَا إِذَا مَا صَفَا عَيْشِي بِرَمْلَةِ عَالِجٍ وَعَانَقْتُ سَلْمَى مَا أُرِيدُ بِدَالَا خُذُوا مُلْكَكُمْ لَا ثَبَّتَ اللَّهُ مُلْكَكُمْ ثَبَاتًا يُسَاوِي مَا حَيِيتُ عِقَالَا وَخَلُّوا عِنَانِي قَبْلَ عَيْرٍ وَمَا جَرَى وَلَا تَحْسُدُونِي أَنْ أَمُوتَ هُزَالَا ما جاء في صفة مقتل الوليد بن يزيد فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْقَصْرَ وَأَغْلَقَ الْبَابَ أَحَاطَ بِهِ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، فَدَنَا الْوَلِيدُ مِنَ الْبَابِ وَقَالَ: أَمَا فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ شَرِيفٌ لَهُ حَسَبٌ وَحَيَاءٌ أُكَلِّمُهُ ؟ قَالَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَنْبَسَةَ السَّكْسَكِيُّ: كَلِّمْنِي. قَالَ: يَا أَخَا السَّكَاسِكِ، أَلَمْ أَزِدْ فِي أَعْطِيَاتِكُمْ ؟ أَلَمْ أَرْفَعِ الْمُؤَنَ عَنْكُمْ ؟ أَلَمْ أُعْطِ فُقَرَاءَكُمْ ؟ أَلَمْ أَخْدِمْ زَمْنَاكُمْ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّا مَا نَنْقِمُ عَلَيْكَ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا، إِنَّمَا نَنْقِمُ عَلَيْكَ فِي انْتِهَاكِ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَشُرْبِ الْخَمْرِ وَنِكَاحِ أُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادِ أَبِيكَ وَاسْتِخْفَافِكَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ ! قَالَ: حَسْبُكَ يَا أَخَا السَّكَاسِكِ، فَلَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ أَكْثَرْتُ وَأَغْرَقْتُ، وَإِنَّ فِيمَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ سَعَةً عَمَّا ذَكَرْتَ. وَرَجَعَ إِلَى الدَّارِ وَجَلَسَ وَأَخَذَ مُصْحَفًا فَنَشَرَهُ يَقْرَأُ فِيهِ وَقَالَ: يَوْمٌ كَيَوْمِ عُثْمَانَ. فَصَعِدُوا عَلَى الْحَائِطِ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَلَاهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَنْبَسَةَ، فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخْذَ بِيَدِهِ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُ وَيُؤَامِرَ فِيهِ، فَنَزَلَ مِنَ الْحَائِطِ عَشَرَةٌ، مِنْهُمْ: مَنْصُورُ بْنُ جُمْهُورٍ، وَعَبْدُ السَّلَامِ اللَّخْمِيُّ، فَضَرَبَهُ عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَضَرَبَهُ السَّرِيُّ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَاحْتَزُّوا رَأْسَهُ وَسَيَّرُوهُ إِلَى يَزِيدَ. فَأَتَاهُ الرَّأْسُ وَهُوَ يَتَغَدَّى، فَسَجَدَ، وَحَكَى لَهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَنْبَسَةَ مَا قَالَهُ لِلْوَلِيدِ، قَالَ آخِرَ كَلَامِهِ: اللَّهُ لَا يَرْتِقُ فَتْقَكُمْ وَلَا يَلُمُّ شَعَثَكُمْ وَلَا تَجْتَمِعُ كَلِمَتُكُمْ، فَأَمَرَ يَزِيدُ بِنَصْبِ رَأْسِهِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ فَرْوَةَ مَوْلَى بَنِي مُرَّةَ: إِنَّمَا تُنْصَبُ رُءُوسُ الْخَوَارِجِ، وَهَذَا ابْنُ عَمِّكَ وَخَلِيفَةٌ، وَلَا آمَنُ إِنْ نَصَبْتُهُ أَنْ تَرِقَّ لَهُ قُلُوبُ النَّاسِ، وَيَغْضَبَ لَهُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ. فَلَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ وَنَصَبَهُ عَلَى رُمْحٍ فَطَافَ بِهِ بِدِمَشْقَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهِ أَنْ يُدْفَعَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ سُلَيْمَانُ قَالَ: بُعْدًا لَهُ ! أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ شَرُوبًا لِلْخَمْرِ مَاجِنًا فَاسِقًا، وَلَقَدْ أَرَادَنِي فِي نَفَسِي الْفَاسِقُ. وَكَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ مِمَّنْ سَعَى فِي أَمْرِهِ. وَكَانَ مَعَ الْوَلِيدِ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَبِي السَّمْحِ الْمُغَنِّي، وَعَمْرٌو الْوَادِيُّ الْمُغَنِّي أَيْضًا، فَلَمَّا تَفَرَّقَ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ أَصْحَابُهُ وَحُصِرَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ لِعَمْرٍو: اذْهَبْ بِنَا. فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: لَيْسَ هَذَا مِنَ الْوَفَاءِ، نَحْنُ لَا يُعْرَضُ لَنَا لِأَنَّا لَسْنَا مِمَّنْ يُقَاتِلُ. فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ: وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ ظَفِرُوا بِكَ وَبِي لَا يُقْتَلُ أَحَدٌ قَبْلِي وَقَبْلَكَ، فَيُوضَعُ رَأْسُهُ بَيْنَ رَأْسَيْنَا وَيُقَالُ لِلنَّاسِ: انْظُرُوا مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْحَالِ، فَلَا يَعِيبُونَهُ بِشَيْءٍ أَشَدَّ مِنْ هَذَا. فَهَرَبَا. وَكَانَ قَتْلُهُ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ بَقِيَتَا مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَعِشْرِينَ، وَكَانَتْ مُدَّةُ خِلَافَتِهِ سَنَةً وَثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةً وَشَهْرَيْنِ وَاثْنَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا، وَكَانَ عُمْرُهُ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، وَقِيلَ: قُتِلَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَمَانٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً، وَقِيلَ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، وَقِيلَ سِتٍّ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً.
Translation
✧ Mention of the killing of al-Walīd b. Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik In this year al-Walīd b. Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik was killed. The cause of his killing was what has previously been mentioned of his dissoluteness and wantonness. When he assumed the caliphate, he did not increase from what he was already upon in amusement, pleasure, riding to hunt, drinking nabīdh, and carousing with dissolute men except in persistence. That weighed heavily upon his subjects and his troops, and they disliked his affair. The greatest of it was what he brought upon himself by his corruption of his cousins, the sons of Hishām and al-Walīd. He seized Sulaymān b. Hishām and struck him a hundred lashes, shaved his head and beard, and banished him to ʿAmmān in the land of Syria, where he imprisoned him. He remained imprisoned until al-Walīd was killed. He took a slave girl who belonged to the family of al-Walīd. ʿUthmān b. al-Walīd spoke to him about returning her, but he said, “I will not return her.” He said, “Then neighing will increase around your camp!” Al-Afqam imprisoned Yazīd b. Hishām, separated Rawḥ b. al-Walīd from his wife, and imprisoned several of the children of al-Walīd. So the Banū Hāshim and the Banū al-Walīd accused him of unbelief and of having intercourse with the mothers of his father’s children. They said, “He has prepared a hundred collars for the Banū Umayyah.” The most severe of them against him was Yazīd b. al-Walīd. The people inclined more to his words because he displayed piety and humility. Saʿīd b. Bayhas b. Ṣuhayb had forbidden him to accept the oath of allegiance for his two sons al-Ḥakam and ʿUthmān because of their young age, so he imprisoned him until he died in prison. They said, “He has prepared a hundred collars, on each collar the name of a man from the Banū Umayyah so that he may kill him with it.” Then he summoned Yūsuf b. ʿUmar from Iraq and demanded that he bring with him the wealth. He intended to dismiss him and appoint ʿAbd al-Malik b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥajjāj b. Yūsuf. Yūsuf arrived with wealth the like of which had never been carried from Iraq. Ḥassān al-Nabaṭī met him and informed him that al-Walīd wanted to appoint ʿAbd al-Malik b. Muḥammad. He advised him to carry bribes to his ministers. So he distributed among them five hundred thousand. Ḥassān said to him, “Write on the tongue of your caliph in Iraq a letter: ‘I have written to you while I possess only the palace.’ Enter upon al-Walīd with the letter sealed with you, and buy Khālid from him.” He did so. Al-Walīd ordered him to return to Iraq, and he bought Khālid al-Qasrī from him for fifty million and handed him over to him. He took him with him in a litter without padding to Iraq. A man from the people of Yemen composed poetry on the tongue of al-Walīd to incite the Yemenis against him. It is said that it was by al-Walīd rebuking Yemen for abandoning support of Khālid: Have you not been stirred to remember union and a rope that was connected then severed? Yes, so tears from you flow like rain from clouds pouring down. Leave aside remembrance of the family of Suʿdā, for we are the greater in number and wealth. We are the ones who possess the people by force; we impose upon them humiliation and punishment. We trampled the two Ashʿar tribes with the might of Qays; what a trampling that will never be undone! This is Khālid among us a captive; did they not defend him if they were men? Their greatest one and their chief of old; we made for him a shade of ignominies. If they had been tribes possessing might, his deeds would not have gone astray. Nor would they have left him stripped and captive, struggling with our heavy chains. Kindah and al-Sakūn did not seek pardon, nor did their horses cease from the saddles. With them we imposed upon creation every humiliation, and we demolished the plains and the mountains. But the battles weakened them, cut them off, and turned them back in defeat. They have always remained to us slaves; we impose upon them humiliation and baseness. So this morning I have upon me a crown for dominion over the people that seeks no removal. That became grave to them, and they strove for his killing and increased in rancor. Ḥamzah b. Bīḍ said about al-Walīd: You joined the sky of harm to harm after you claimed the sky of harm would lift from us. Would that Hishām were alive imposing upon us, and we were as we were hoping and aspiring. He also said: O Walīd of obscenity, you left the clear path and took a deep mountain pass. You persisted, transgressed, went to excess, incited, and set forth in wickedness. Ever say, “Bring, then bring, and give,” then “give,” until you fall down thunderstruck. You are drunk and do not sober up, so you do not mend a rent, and you have rent many rents. Then Yazīd b. al-Walīd was pledged allegiance secretly. He entered Damascus and its people pledged allegiance to him as will come. He equipped an army and sent them against al-Walīd b. Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik, placing over them ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. al-Ḥajjāj b. ʿAbd al-Malik. When Yazīd appeared in Damascus, a client of al-Walīd traveled to him and informed him of the news while he was at al-Aghdaf in ʿAmmān. Al-Walīd struck him and imprisoned him. He sent Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh b. Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah to Damascus. He traveled part of the way and stopped. Yazīd b. al-Walīd sent ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Maṣād to him. Abū Muḥammad asked him, then pledged allegiance to Yazīd b. al-Walīd. When the news reached al-Walīd, Yazīd b. Khālid b. Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah said to him, “March until you camp at Ḥimṣ, for it is fortified. Send the cavalry against Yazīd so he may be killed or captured.” ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAnbasah b. Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ said, “It is not proper for the caliph to leave his camp and his women before fighting. God supports the Commander of the Faithful and grants him victory.” Yazīd b. Khālid said, “What do we fear for his women? Only ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz has come to him, and he is their cousin.” He adopted the opinion of Ibn ʿAnbasah and marched until he came to al-Bakhrāʾ, the palace of al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr. Forty men from the descendants of al-Ḍaḥḥāk b. Qays marched with him and said to him, “We have no weapons. If only you would order weapons for us.” But he gave them nothing. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz encamped opposite him. Al-ʿAbbās b. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik wrote to al-Walīd, “I am coming to you.” Al-Walīd said, “Bring out a bed.” They brought it out, and he sat on it and waited for al-ʿAbbās. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz fought them, and with him was Manṣūr b. Jumhūr. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz sent Ziyād b. Ḥuṣayn al-Kalbī to call them to the Book of God and the Sunnah of His Prophet. The companions of al-Walīd killed him. They fought a fierce battle. Al-Walīd had brought out the banner of Marwān b. al-Ḥakam which he had tied at al-Jābiyah. The news of al-ʿAbbās’s march to al-Walīd reached ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. He sent Manṣūr b. Jumhūr to his road, and he seized him by force and brought him to ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. He said to him, “Pledge allegiance to your brother Yazīd.” He pledged allegiance and stood. They raised a banner and said, “This is the banner of al-ʿAbbās. He has pledged allegiance to the Commander of the Faithful Yazīd.” Al-ʿAbbās said, “Indeed we belong to God. A deception from the deceptions of Satan. The Banū Marwān are ruined.” The people dispersed from al-Walīd and came to al-ʿAbbās and ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. Al-Walīd sent to ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz offering him fifty thousand dinars and the governorship of Ḥimṣ as long as he remained, and granting him security from every mishap, on condition that he withdraw from fighting him. He refused and did not answer him. Al-Walīd put on two coats of mail. They brought him his two horses, al-Sindī and al-Zāʾid. He fought them fiercely. A man called out to them, “Kill the enemy of God with the killing of the people of Lot! Stone him with stones!” When he heard that, he entered the palace and locked the door behind him, saying: Leave to me Sulaymā, the wine, and a singing girl, and a cup—is not that enough wealth for me? When my life is clear at Ramlat ʿĀlij and I embrace Salmā, I desire no substitute. Take your kingdom—may God not make your kingdom firm—a firmness that equals, as long as I live, a hobble. Leave my reins alone before any donkey or what runs, and do not envy me that I die emaciated. What has come regarding the description of the killing of al-Walīd b. Yazīd. When he entered the palace and locked the door, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz surrounded him. Al-Walīd approached the door and said, “Is there among you a noble man of lineage and modesty whom I may address?” Yazīd b. ʿAnbasah al-Saksakī said, “Speak to me.” He said, “O brother of the Sakāsik, have I not increased your stipends? Have I not lifted the burdens from you? Have I not given to your poor? Have I not provided servants for your chronically ill?” He said, “We do not find fault with you concerning ourselves. We find fault with you only for violating what God has forbidden, drinking wine, marrying the mothers of your father’s children, and making light of God’s command.” He said, “Enough, O brother of the Sakāsik. By my life, you have spoken much and exaggerated. In what God has permitted there is ample room beyond what you mentioned.” He returned to the house, sat down, took a muṣḥaf, opened it, and began reading in it, saying, “A day like the day of ʿUthmān.” They climbed the wall. The first to climb it was Yazīd b. ʿAnbasah. He descended to him, took him by the hand, intending to detain him and consult about him. Ten men descended from the wall, among them Manṣūr b. Jumhūr and ʿAbd al-Salām al-Lakhmī. ʿAbd al-Salām struck him on the head, and al-Sarī b. Ziyād b. Abī Kabshah struck him in the face. They severed his head and sent it to Yazīd. The head came to him while he was having lunch. He prostrated. Yazīd b. ʿAnbasah related to him what he had said to al-Walīd. The last of his words were: “By God, He will not mend your rent, nor gather your scattered state, nor will your word unite.” Yazīd ordered his head to be raised. Yazīd b. Farwah, client of the Banū Murrah, said to him, “Only the heads of the Khawārij are raised. This is your cousin and a caliph. I do not feel safe, if I raise it, that people’s hearts will soften toward him and his household will be angered for him.” He did not listen to him and raised it on a spear and paraded it around Damascus. Then he ordered it to be handed over to his brother Sulaymān b. Yazīd. When Sulaymān looked at him, he said, “Away with him! I bear witness that he was a drinker of wine, wanton, and dissolute. The dissolute one desired me in my own self.” Sulaymān was among those who had striven in his affair. With al-Walīd were Mālik b. Abī al-Samḥ the singer and ʿAmr al-Wādī, also a singer. When al-Walīd’s companions dispersed from him and he was besieged, Mālik said to ʿAmr, “Come, let us go.” ʿAmr said, “This is not loyalty. We will not be accosted because we are not among those who fight.” Mālik said, “By God, if they capture you and me, no one will be killed before me and you. His head will be placed between our two heads, and it will be said to the people, ‘Look who was with him in this condition.’ They will find nothing to criticize him with more severe than this.” So they fled. His killing was on the night of two nights remaining of Jumādā al-Ākhirah in the year twenty-six. The duration of his caliphate was a year and three months. It is said a year, two months, and twenty-two days. His age was forty-two years. It is said he was killed at the age of thirty-eight years. It is said forty-one years. It is said forty-six years.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.