Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2604
Then the Year 125 AH Began
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ: أُمُّهُ الْعَالِيَةُ بِنْتُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَبِيهِ فِي السِّنِّ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ أَشْبَهَ النَّاسِ بِهِ، لَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا إِلَى أَنْ خَضَبَ عَلِيٌّ، فَعُرِفَ بِخِضَابِهِ، وَكَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ ذَكَرًا وَخَمْسُ بَنَاتٍ، فَمِنَ الذُّكُورِ: إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْإِمَامُ، وَإِلَيْهِ أَوْصَى، فَقَامَ بِالْإِمَامَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ. وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ السَّفَّاحُ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْأَصْغَرُ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ، وَمُوسَى، وَدَاوُدُ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، وَالْعَبَّاسُ، وَيَعْقُوبُ، وَيَحْيَى. وَمِنَ الْإِنَاثِ: بُرَيْهَةُ، وَرَيْطَةُ، وَالْعَالِيَةُ، وَلُبَابَةُ، وَأُمُّ حَبِيبٍ. وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَوَّلُ مَنْ نَطَقَ بِالدَّوْلَةِ الْعَبَّاسِيَّةِ، وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ دُعِيَ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ وَسُمِّيَ بِالْإِمَامِ، وَكُوتِبَ وَأُطِيعَ. وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَثَمَانِينَ فِي خِلَافَةِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ. وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ قَدْ أَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ، وَرَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ كُتُبَهُ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا الْأَمْرُ فِي وَلَدِكَ. فَتُوُفِّيَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَبْلَ تَمَامِ الدَّعْوَةِ فِي ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَ وَفَاتِهِ وَوَفَاةِ أَبِيهِ سَبْعُ سِنِينَ، وَبَلَغَ مِنَ الْعُمُرِ سِتِّينَ، وَقِيلَ: ثَلَاثًا وَسِتِّينَ، وَأَوْصَى إِلَى ابْنِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فَسُمِّيَ الْإِمَامَ. خبر مقتل يحيى بن يزيد بن علي بن الحسين يَحْيَى بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُتِلَ أَبُوهُ زَيْدٌ فِي سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، لَمْ يَزَلْ يَحْيَى مُخْتَفِيًا فِي خُرَاسَانَ عِنْدَ الْحَرِيشِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ دَاوُدَ بِبَلْخَ حَتَّى مَاتَ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلَكِ فَكَتَبَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يُوسُفُ بْنُ عُمَرَ إِلَى نَصْرِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ يُخْبِرُهُ بِأَمْرِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَيْدٍ فَكَتَبَ نَصْرُ بْنُ سَيَّارٍ إِلَى نَائِبِ بَلْخَ عَقِيلِ بْنِ مَعْقِلِ الْعِجْلِيِّ فَأَحْضَرَ الْحَرِيشَ فَعَاقَبَهُ سِتَّمِائَةِ سَوْطٍ، فَلَمْ يَدُلَّ عَلَيْهِ، وَجَاءَ وَلَدُ الْحَرِيشِ فَدَلَّهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَحُبِسَ، فَكَتَبَ نَصْرُ بْنُ سَيَّارٍ إِلَى يُوسُفَ بِذَلِكَ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ يُخْبِرُهُ بِذَلِكَ، فَكَتَبَ الْوَلِيدُ إِلَى نَصْرِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ يَأْمُرُهُ بِإِطْلَاقِهِ مِنَ السِّجْنِ، وَإِرْسَالِهِ إِلَيْهِ صُحْبَةِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَيُجَهِّزُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَأَطْلَقَهُمْ وَأَطْلَقَ لَهُمْ وَجَهَّزَهُمْ، فَسَارُوا إِلَى دِمَشْقَ، فَلَمَّا كَانُوا بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ تَوَسَّمَ نَصْرٌ مِنْهُ غَدْرًا، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ جَيْشًا عَشَرَةَ آلَافٍ، فَكَسَرَهُمْ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَإِنَّ مَا مَعَهُ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا، وَقَتَلَ أَمِيرَهُمْ، وَاسْتَلَبَ مِنْهُمْ أَمْوَالًا كَثِيرَةً، ثُمَّ جَاءَ جَيْشٌ آخَرُ، فَقَتَلُوهُ وَاحْتَزُّوا رَأَسَهُ، وَقَتَلُوا جَمِيعَ أَصْحَابِهِ، رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ. وَأَخَذُوا رَأْسَ يَحْيَى وَسَلَبُوهُ قَمِيصَهُ. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْوَلِيدَ قَتْلُ يَحْيَى كَتَبَ إِلَى يُوسُفَ بْنِ عُمَرَ: خُذْ عُجَيْلَ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ فَأَنْزِلْهُ مِنْ جِذْعِهِ، يَعْنِي زَيْدًا، وَأَحْرِقْهُ بِالنَّارِ ثُمَّ انْسِفْهُ بِالْيَمِّ نَسْفًا، فَأَمَرَ يُوسُفُ بِهِ فَأُحْرِقَ، ثُمَّ رَضَّهُ وَحَمَلَهُ فِي سَفِينَةٍ ثُمَّ ذَرَّاهُ فِي الْفُرَاتِ. وَأَمَّا يَحْيَى فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُتِلَ صُلِبَ بِالْجُوزَجَانِ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَصْلُوبًا حَتَّى ظَهَرَ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ الْخُرَسَانِيُّ وَاسْتَوْلَى عَلَى خُرَاسَانَ فَأَنْزَلَهُ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَدَفَنَهُ، وَأَمَرَ بِالنِّيَاحَةِ عَلَيْهِ فِي خُرَاسَانَ، وَأَخَذَ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ دِيوَانَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَعَرَفَ مِنْهُ أَسْمَاءَ مَنْ حَضَرَ قَتْلَ يَحْيَى، فَمَنْ كَانَ حَيًّا قَتَلَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَيِّتًا خَلَّفَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ بِسُوءٍ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ يَحْيَى رَيْطَةَ بِنْتَ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ. ( عُبَادُ بِضَمِّ الْعَيْنِ، وَفَتْحِ الْبَاءِ الْمُوَحَّدَةِ الْمُخَفَّفَةِ ). صَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، مَوْلَى التَّوْأَمَةِ، يُكَنَّى أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: وَاسْمُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ نَبْهَانُ، وَالتَّوْأَمَةُ بِنْتُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ الْجُمَحِيِّ، وُلِدَتْ مَعَ أُخْتٍ لَهَا تَوْأَمَيْنِ، وَهِيَ أَعْتَقَتْ أَبَا صَالِحٍ. رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَحَدِيثُهُ قَلِيلٌ ضَعِيفٌ. تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ: أُمُّهُ عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ. وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا الرِّجَالِ، وَإِنَّمَا كُنِّيَ بِذَلِكَ لِأَجْلِ وَلَدِهِ، وَكَانَ لَهُ عَشَرَةُ ذُكُورٍ، وَرَوَى عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَأُمِّهِ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، رَوَى عَنْهُ مَالِكٌ الْفَقِيهُ. مَعْبَدُ بْنُ وَهْبِ بْنِ قَطَنٍ، أَبُو عَبَّادٍ الْمُغَنِّي: الَّذِي كَانَ يُضْرَبُ بِهِ الْمَثَلُ فِي الْغِنَاءِ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ غِنَاءً وَأَجْوَدِهِمْ صِنَاعَةً، مَوْلَى الْعَاصِ بْنِ وَابِصَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيِّ. وَقِيلَ: هُوَ مَوْلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ ؓ. خُلَاسِيًّا، مَدِيدَ الْقَامَةِ، أَحْوَلَ، وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ أَسْوَدَ. عَاشَ مَعْبَدٌ حَتَّى كَبِرَ وَانْقَطَعَ صَوْتُهُ، تُوُفِّيَ فِي عَسْكَرِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ خَمْسٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، فَمَشَى الْوَلِيدُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ جِنَازَتِهِ. أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْأَعْرَجُ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، وَفِي آخِرِ أَيَّامِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ تُوُفِّيَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ تُوُفِّيَ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ أَبِي بَزَّةَ ( وَاسْمُ أَبِي بَزَّةَ يَسَارٌ، وَهُوَ مِنَ الْمَشْهُورِينَ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ ) وَأَشْعَثُ بْنُ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ سُلَيْمٌ بْنُ أَسْوَدَ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ. وَزَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ الْجَزَرِيُّ، مَوْلَى بَنِي كِلَابٍ، وَقِيلَ مَوْلَى يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، وَقِيلَ مَوْلَى غَنِيٍّ، وَكَانَ عُمْرُهُ سِتًّا وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ فَقِيهًا عَابِدًا، وَكَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ اسْمُهُ يَحْيَى، كَانَ ضَعِيفًا فِي الْحَدِيثِ. وَفِي أَيَّامِ هِشَامٍ مَاتَ الْعَرْجِيُّ الشَّاعِرُ فِي حَبْسِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الْمَخْزُومِيِّ، عَامِلِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَمَكَّةَ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُ حَبْسِهِ أَنَّهُ هَجَاهُ فَتَتَبَّعَهُ حَتَّى بَلَغَهُ أَنَّهُ أَخَذَ مَوْلًى لَهُ فَضَرَبَهُ وَقَتَلَهُ، وَأَمَرَ عَبِيدَهُ أَنْ يَطَئُوا امْرَأَةَ الْمَوْلَى الْمَقْتُولِ، فَأَخَذَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ فَضَرَبَهُ وَأَقَامَهُ لِلنَّاسِ وَحَبَسَهُ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ فَمَاتَ فِي السِّجْنِ.
Translation
✧ Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib: His mother was al-ʿĀliyah bt. ʿUbayd Allāh b. al-ʿAbbās. Between him and his father there were fourteen years in age. He was the person most resembling him; they could not be told apart until ʿAlī dyed his hair, and then he was known by his dye. He had twelve sons and five daughters. Among the sons: Ibrāhīm the Imam, to whom he entrusted the succession, and he carried out the imamate after him; ʿAbd Allāh al-Saffāḥ, ʿAbd Allāh al-Manṣūr, ʿAbd Allāh al-Aṣghar, Ismāʿīl, Mūsā, Dāwūd, ʿUbayd Allāh, al-ʿAbbās, Yaʿqūb, and Yaḥyā. Among the daughters: Burayhah, Rayṭah, al-ʿĀliyah, Lubābah, and Umm Ḥabīb. Muḥammad b. ʿAlī was the first to speak of the Abbasid state, and the first of the Banū al-ʿAbbās to whom allegiance was summoned, and he was named the Imam, and was corresponded with and obeyed. That was in the year 89 AH during the caliphate of al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah had entrusted the succession to him and handed over his books to him, and said: "The matter is only in your descendants." Muḥammad b. ʿAlī died before the completion of the call in Dhū al-Qaʿdah of this year. Between his death and his father's death there were seven years. He reached the age of sixty, and it is said sixty-three. He entrusted the succession to his son Ibrāhīm, who was named the Imam. The account of the killing of Yaḥyā b. Zayd b. ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib: When his father Zayd was killed in the year 121 AH, Yaḥyā remained in hiding in Khurasan with al-Ḥarīsh b. ʿAmr b. Dāwūd in Balkh until Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik died. Then Yūsuf b. ʿUmar wrote to Naṣr b. Sayyār informing him of the affair of Yaḥyā b. Zayd. Naṣr b. Sayyār wrote to his deputy in Balkh, ʿAqīl b. Maʿqil al-ʿIjlī. He summoned al-Ḥarīsh and punished him with six hundred lashes, but he did not point to him. Then al-Ḥarīsh's son came and directed them to him, so he was imprisoned. Naṣr b. Sayyār wrote to Yūsuf about that, and he sent to al-Walīd b. Yazīd informing him of it. Al-Walīd wrote to Naṣr b. Sayyār ordering him to release him from prison and send him in the company of his companions, and to equip them for travel to him. So he released them, gave them travel provisions, and equipped them, and they set out for Damascus. When they were partway along the road, Naṣr suspected treachery from him, so he sent an army of ten thousand against him, and Yaḥyā b. Zayd defeated them, though he had only seventy men with him. He killed their commander and seized much property from them. Then another army came, and they killed him and cut off his head, and killed all his companions, may God have mercy on them. They took Yaḥyā's head and stripped him of his shirt. When news of Yaḥyā's killing reached al-Walīd, he wrote to Yūsuf b. ʿUmar: "Take ʿUjayl of the people of Iraq and bring him down from his trunk — meaning Zayd — and burn him with fire, then scatter him to the winds." So Yūsuf ordered him to be burned, then ground him up and carried him in a boat and scattered him in the Euphrates. As for Yaḥyā, when he was killed he was crucified at al-Jūzjān, and he remained crucified until Abū Muslim al-Khurasānī appeared and took control of Khurasan. Then he took him down, prayed over him, buried him, and ordered lamentation for him in Khurasan. Abū Muslim took the register of the Umayyads and learned from it the names of those who had witnessed the killing of Yaḥyā. Whoever was alive he killed, and whoever was dead he replaced him with evil among his family. Yaḥyā's mother was Rayṭah bt. Abī Hāshim ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah. (ʿUbād with a ḍammah on the ʿayn and a light fathah on the single bāʾ). Ṣāliḥ b. Abī Ṣāliḥ, mawlā of al-Tawʾamah, called Abū ʿAbd Allāh: Abū Ṣāliḥ's name was Nabhān. Al-Tawʾamah was the daughter of Umayyah b. Khalaf al-Jumaḥī; she was born as a twin with a sister, and she manumitted Abū Ṣāliḥ. He narrated from Abū Hurayrah, and his hadith is few and weak. He died in this year. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥārithah b. al-Nuʿmān: His mother was ʿAmrah bt. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Saʿd b. Zurārah. He was called Abū al-Rijāl, and he was given that kunyah because of his sons; he had ten sons. He narrated from Anas and his mother, and he was trustworthy. Mālik the jurist narrated from him. Maʿbad b. Wahb b. Qaṭan, Abū ʿAbbād the singer: The one about whom proverbs were coined in singing, and he was one of the best of people in song and the most skilled in craft, a mawlā of al-ʿĀṣ b. Wābiṣah al-Makhzūmī. It is also said he was a mawlā of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān ؓ. He was of mixed descent, tall, and cross-eyed, and his father was black. Maʿbad lived until he grew old and his voice faded. He died in the camp of al-Walīd b. Yazīd at the age of eighty-five, and al-Walīd walked in front of his funeral procession. Abū Ḥāzim al-Aʿraj, and it is said in the year 140 AH, and it is said in the year 144 AH, and in the last days of Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik died Simāk b. Ḥarb. In this year died al-Qāsim b. Abī Bazzah (Abū Bazzah's name was Yasār, and he was among the famous reciters), and Ashʿath b. Abī al-Shaʿthāʾ Sulaym b. Aswad al-Muḥāribī; and Zayd b. Abī Unaysah al-Jazarī, mawlā of Banū Kilāb, and it is said mawlā of Yazīd b. al-Khaṭṭāb, and it is said mawlā of Ghanī. He was forty-six years old, and he was a jurist and a devout worshipper. He had a brother named Yaḥyā who was weak in hadith. In the days of Hishām, the poet al-ʿArjī died in the prison of Muḥammad b. Hishām al-Makhzūmī, the governor of Madinah and Makkah for Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik. The reason for his imprisonment was that he satirized him, so he pursued him until he learned that he had seized a mawlā of his and beaten him and killed him, and ordered his slaves to trample the wife of the killed mawlā. So Muḥammad seized him, beat him, stood him before the people, and imprisoned him for nine years, and he died in prison.
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