Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2576
The Year 121 AH
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْأَعْيَانِ في سنة إحدى وعشرين ومائة: مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ الْقُرَشِيِّ الْأُمَوِيِّ، أَبُو سَعِيدٍ وَأَبُو الْأَصْبَغِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ قَالَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ: وَدَارُهُ بِدِمَشْقَ فِي مَحَلَّةِ الْقِبَابِ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْجَامِعِ الْقِبْلِيِّ، وَلِيَ الْمَوْسِمَ أَيَّامَ أَخِيهِ الْوَلِيدِ وَغَزَا الرُّومَ غَزَوَاتٍ، وَحَاصَرَ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةَ، وَوَلَّاهُ أَخُوهُ يَزِيدُ إِمْرَةَ الْعِرَاقَيْنِ ثُمَّ عَزَلَهُ، وَوَلِيَ إِرْمِينِيَّةَ. وَرَوَى الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَعَنْهُ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ قَزْعَةَ، وَعُيَيْنَةَ وَالِدُ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَابْنُ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ، وَمُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى الْغَسَّانِيُّ. قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ: كَانَ مِنْ رِجَالِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَكَانَ يُلَقَّبُ بِالْجَرَادَةِ الصَّفْرَاءِ، وَلَهُ آثَارٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَحُرُوبٌ وَنِكَايَةٌ فِي الرُّومِ. قُلْتُ: وَقَدْ فَتَحَ حُصُونًا كَثِيرَةً مِنْ بِلَادِ الرُّومِ. وَلَمَّا وَلِيَ إِرْمِينِيَّةَ غَزَا التُّرْكَ فَبَلَغَ بَابَ الْأَبْوَابِ فَهَدَمَ الْمَدِينَةَ الَّتِي عِنْدَهُ، ثُمَّ أَعَادَ بِنَاءَهَا بَعْدَ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ. وَفِي سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَتِسْعِينَ غَزَا الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةَ فَحَاصَرَهَا، وَافْتَتَحَ مَدِينَةَ الصَّقَالِبَةِ وَكَسَرَ مَلِكَهُمُ الْبُرْجَانَ ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى مُحَاصَرَةِ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ. قَالَ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ: فَأَخَذَهُ، وَهُوَ يُغَازِيهِمْ، صُدَاعٌ عَظِيمٌ فِي رَأْسِهِ، فَبَعَثَ مَلِكُ الرُّومِ إِلَيْهِ بِقَلَنْسُوَةٍ، وَقَالَ: ضَعْهَا عَلَى رَأْسِكَ يَذْهَبْ صُدَاعُكَ. فَخَشِيَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مَكِيدَةً، فَوَضَعَهَا عَلَى رَأْسِ بَهِيمَةٍ، فَلَمْ يَرَ إِلَّا خَيْرًا، ثُمَّ وَضَعَهَا عَلَى رَأْسِ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ فَلَمْ يَرَ إِلَّا خَيْرًا، فَوَضَعَهَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَذَهَبَ صُدَاعُهُ، فَفَتَقَهَا فَإِذَا فِيهَا مَكْتُوبٌ سَبْعُونَ سَطْرًا هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ مُكَرَّرَةً: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ أَنْ تَزُولَا وَلَئِنْ زَالَتَا إِنْ أَمْسَكَهُمَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا [ فَاطِرٍ: 41 ]. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ. وَقَدْ لَقِيَ مَسْلَمَةُ فِي حِصَارِهِ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةَ شِدَّةً عَظِيمَةً، وَجَاعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَهَا جَوْعًا شَدِيدًا، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْبَرِيدَ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالرُّجُوعِ إِلَى الشَّامِ، فَحَلَفَ مَسْلَمَةُ أَنْ لَا يُقْلِعَ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى يَبْنُوا لَهُ جَامِعًا كَبِيرًا بِالْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ فَبَنَوْا لَهُ جَامِعًا وَمَنَارَةً، فَهُوَ بِهَا إِلَى الْآنِ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْجُمُعَةَ وَالْجَمَاعَةَ. قُلْتُ: وَهِيَ آخِرُ مَا يَفْتَحُهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ الدَّجَّالِ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ، كَمَا سَنُورِدُهُ فِي الْمَلَاحِمِ وَالْفِتَنِ مِنْ كِتَابِنَا هَذَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، وَنَذْكُرُ الْأَحَادِيثَ الْوَارِدَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ هُنَاكَ. وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ كَانَتْ لِمَسْلَمَةَ مَوَاقِفُ مَشْهُورَةٌ وَمَسَاعٍ مَشْكُورَةٌ، وَغَزَوَاتٌ مُتَتَالِيَةٌ وَمَنْثُورَةٌ، وَقَدِ افْتَتَحَ حُصُونًا وَقِلَاعًا، وَأَحْيَا بِعَزْمِهِ وَحَزْمِهِ قُصُورًا وَبِقَاعًا، وَكَانَ فِي زَمَانِهِ نَظِيرَ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فِي أَيَّامِهِ، فِي كَثْرَةِ مَغَازِيهِ، وَكَثْرَةِ فُتُوحِهِ، وَقُوَّةِ عَزْمِهِ، وَشِدَّةِ بَأْسِهِ، وَجَوْدَةِ تَصَرُّفِهِ فِي نَقْضِهِ وَإِبْرَامِهِ، هَذَا مَعَ الْكَرَمِ وَالْفَصَاحَةِ، وَالرِّيَاسَةِ وَالسَّمَاحَةِ، وَالْأَصَالَةِ وَالرَّجَاحَةِ، وَالدِّينِ وَالْعِفَّةِ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَمِنْ كَلَامِهِ الْحَسَنِ قَوْلُهُ: مُرُوءَتَانِ ظَاهِرَتَانِ ; الرِّيَاشُ وَالْفَصَاحَةُ. وَقَالَ يَوْمًا لِنُصَيْبٍ الشَّاعِرِ: سَلْنِي. قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: وَلِمَ ؟ قَالَ: لِأَنَّ كَفَّكَ بِالْجَزِيلِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ مَسْأَلَتِي بِاللِّسَانِ. فَأَعْطَاهُ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ. وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: الْأَنْبِيَاءُ لَا يَتَثَاءَبُونَ كَمَا يَتَثَاءَبُ النَّاسُ، مَا تَثَاءَبَ نَبِيٌّ قَطُّ. وَقَدْ أَوْصَى بِثُلْثِ مَالِهِ لِأَهْلِ الْأَدَبِ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّهَا صِنَاعَةٌ مَجْفُوٌّ أَهْلُهَا. وَقَالَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ وَغَيْرُهُ: تُوُفِّيَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِسَبْعٍ مَضَيْنَ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ، سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ بِمَوْضِعٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ: الْحَانُوتُ. وَقَدْ رَثَاهُ بَعْضُهُمْ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَخِيهِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ: أَقُولُ وَمَا الْبُعْدُ إِلَّا الرَّدَى أَمْسَلَمُ لَا تَبْعُدَنْ مَسْلَمَهْ فَقَدْ كُنْتَ نُورًا لَنَا فِي الْبِلَادِ مُضِيئًا فَقَدْ أَصْبَحَتْ مُظْلِمَهْ وَنَكْتُمُ مَوْتَكَ نَخْشَى الْيَقِينَ فَأَبْدَى الْيَقِينُ عَنِ الْجُمْجُمَهْ نُمَيْرُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ نُمَيْرُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ قَاضِي دِمَشْقَ ، تَابِعِيٌّ جَلِيلٌ، رَوَى عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ مُرْسَلًا وَأَبِي مُوسَى مُرْسَلًا وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَعَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ مُرْسَلًا، وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ، وَحَدَّثَ عَنْهُ جَمَاعَةٌ كَثِيرُونَ، مِنْهُمُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الذِّمَارِيُّ. وَلَّاهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْقَضَاءَ بِدِمَشْقَ بَعْدَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْخَشْخَاشِ الْعُذْرِيِّ ثُمَّ اسْتَعْفَى هِشَامًا فَأَعْفَاهُ وَوَلَّى مَكَانَهُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي مَالِكٍ. وَكَانَ نُمَيْرٌ هَذَا لَا يَحْكُمُ بِالْيَمِينِ مَعَ الشَّاهِدِ، وَكَانَ يَقُولُ: الْآدَابُ مِنَ الْآبَاءِ، وَالصَّلَاحُ مِنَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ: تُوَفِّيَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ وَمِائَةٍ. وَهُوَ غَرِيبٌ. وَاللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَعْلَمُ. الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: عن أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ ذَرٍّ يَقُولُ: كُنْتُ إِذَا رَأَيْتُ الرَّبِيعَ بْنَ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ كَأَنَّهُ مِخْمَارٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ شَرَابٍ. وعَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ: اقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ مِنَ الْبَعْثِ فَقَرَأْتُهَا [عَلَيْهِ] فَبَكَى ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنْ تَكُونَ بِدْعَةً لَسِحْتُ -أَوْ قَالَ: لَهِمْتُ- فِي الْجِبَالِ. وَفِيهَا مَاتَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ سُهَيْلٍ ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ. وَفِيهَا مَاتَ عَامِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ بِالشَّامِ. وَفِيهَا مَاتَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ سَنَةً بِالْمَدِينَةِ، ( حَبَّانُ: بِفَتْحِ الْحَاءِ، وَبِالْبَاءِ الْمُوَحَّدَةِ ). وَقُتِلَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ شَهِيدًا بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the notables who died in the year one hundred and twenty-one: Maslamah b. ʿAbd al-Malik Maslamah b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān b. al-Ḥakam b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ b. Umayyah al-Qurashī al-Umawī, Abū Saʿīd and Abū al-Aṣbagh al-Dimashqī. Ibn ʿAsākir said: His house in Damascus was in the quarter of al-Qibāb near the qiblī gate of the mosque. He led the pilgrimage during the days of his brother al-Walīd and conducted many raids against the Byzantines, and besieged Constantinople. His brother Yazīd appointed him governor of the two Iraqs, then removed him, and he held Armenia. He narrated ḥadīth from ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, and from him narrated ʿAbd al-Malik b. Abī ʿUthmān, ʿUbayd Allāh b. Qazʿah, ʿUyaynah the father of Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah, Ibn Abī ʿImrān, Muʿāwiyah b. Khadīj, and Yaḥyā b. Yaḥyā al-Ghassānī. Al-Zubayr b. Bakkār said: He was one of the men of the Banū Umayyah and was nicknamed al-Jarādah al-Ṣafrāʾ (the Yellow Locust). He left many traces, wars, and harm inflicted upon the Byzantines. I say: He conquered many fortresses in the lands of the Byzantines. When he held Armenia, he raided the Turks and reached Bāb al-Abwāb, and he demolished the city that was there, then rebuilt it after nine years. In the year ninety-eight he raided Constantinople and besieged it, and he conquered the city of the Ṣaqālibah and defeated their king al-Burjān, then returned to the siege of Constantinople. Al-Awzāʿī said: While he was fighting them, he was seized by a severe headache. The king of the Byzantines sent him a qalansuwah (cap) and said: Put it on your head and your headache will go. He feared it might be a trick, so he placed it on the head of an animal and saw nothing but good. Then he placed it on the head of one of his companions and saw nothing but good. Then he placed it on his own head and his headache went. He opened it and found in it seventy lines written, with this verse repeated: “Indeed, Allāh holds the heavens and the earth, lest they cease; and if they should cease, no one could hold them after Him. Indeed, He is Forbearing and Forgiving” [Fāṭir: 41]. Ibn ʿAsākir narrated it. Maslamah faced great hardship during his siege of Constantinople, and the Muslims suffered severe hunger. When ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz became caliph, he sent them a courier ordering them to return to Syria. Maslamah swore that he would not depart until they built for him a great mosque in Constantinople. So they built for him a mosque and a minaret, and it remains there to this day, with Muslims praying Friday and congregational prayers in it. I say: It is the last place the Muslims will conquer before the appearance of the Dajjāl at the end of time, as we shall relate in the Book of Malāḥim and Fitan of this work, God willing, and we will mention the ḥadīths related to that there. In sum, Maslamah had famous stations and praiseworthy efforts, successive and scattered campaigns. He conquered fortresses and castles, and through his resolve and prudence revived palaces and regions. In his time he resembled Khālid b. al-Walīd in his days, in the abundance of his expeditions, the abundance of his conquests, the strength of his resolve, the severity of his might, and the excellence of his management in undoing and doing, along with generosity, eloquence, leadership, liberality, nobility, sound judgment, religion, and chastity, may God have mercy on him. Of his fine speech is his saying: There are two outward forms of manliness: fine clothing and eloquence. One day he said to the poet Nuṣayb: Ask me. He said: No. He said: Why? He said: Because your palm with abundance is more than my asking with the tongue. So he gave him a thousand dinars. He also said: Prophets do not yawn as people yawn; no prophet ever yawned. He bequeathed a third of his wealth to people of literature, saying: It is a craft whose people are shunned. Al-Walīd b. Muslim and others said: He died on Wednesday, seven nights having passed of Muḥarram, in the year one hundred and twenty-one. It is also said: in the year one hundred and twenty. His death was at a place called al-Ḥānūt. He was mourned by someone—it was his nephew al-Walīd b. Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik—who said: I say, and distance is nothing but ruin: O Maslamah, do not be far, Maslamah. You were a light for us in the lands, shining, and they have become dark. We conceal your death, fearing certainty, but certainty revealed the skull. Numayr b. Aws al-Ashʿarī Numayr b. Aws al-Ashʿarī, judge of Damascus, a venerable Successor. He narrated from Ḥudhayfah in mursal form, from Abū Mūsā in mursal form, from Abū al-Dardāʾ, and from Muʿāwiyah in mursal form, and from more than one of the Successors. Many narrated from him, among them al-Awzāʿī, Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, and Yaḥyā b. al-Ḥārith al-Dhimārī. Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik appointed him judge of Damascus after ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Khashkhāsh al-ʿUdhrī. Then he asked Hishām to be excused, and he excused him and appointed in his place Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Abī Mālik. This Numayr would not judge by an oath along with a witness, and he used to say: Manners are from fathers, and righteousness is from God. More than one said: He died in the year one hundred and twenty-one. It is also said: in the year one hundred and twenty-two. It is also said: in the year one hundred and fifteen. This is odd. And God, glorified be He, knows best. Al-Rabīʿ b. Abī Rāshid, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Rabīʿ b. Abī Rāshid, Abū ʿAbd Allāh: From Abū Aḥmad al-Zubayrī, who said: Someone who heard ʿUmar b. Dhar tell me, saying: When I saw al-Rabīʿ b. Abī Rāshid, it was as if he were a wine-presser without wine. From Khalaf b. Ḥawshab, who said: Al-Rabīʿ b. Abī Rāshid said: Recite to me: “O people, if you are in doubt about the Resurrection” [al-Ḥajj: 5]. So I recited it [to him], and he wept, then said: By God, were it not that it would be an innovation, I would wander—or he said: I would roam—in the mountains. In that year Salamah b. Suhayl died, though it is said in the year one hundred and twenty-two. In that year ʿĀmir b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr died, though it is said in the year one hundred and twenty-two, and it is said in the year one hundred and twenty-four in Syria. In that year Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā b. Ḥabbān died, at the age of seventy-four, in Madinah. (Ḥabbān: with a fatḥah on the ḥāʾ and a bāʾ with one dot.) Yaʿqūb b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ashajj was killed as a martyr in the land of the Byzantines.
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