Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2417
The Year 97
وَمِمَّنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْأَعْيَانِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ الْهَاشِمِيُّ. رَوَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَرْفُوعًا: مَنْ عَالَ أَهْلَ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَهُمْ وَلَيْلَتَهُمْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذُنُوبَهُ. وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ فِي دُعَاءِ الْكَرْبِ، وَعَنْ زَوْجَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ الْحُسَيْنِ، وَعَنْهُ ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَجَمَاعَةٌ. وَفَدَ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَصَرَهُ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ، وَأَقَرَّهُ وَحْدَهُ عَلَى وِلَايَةِ صَدَقَةِ عَلِيٍّ. وَقَدْ تَرْجَمَهُ الْحَافِظُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ فَأَحْسَنَ، وَذَكَرَ عَنْهُ آثَارًا تَدُلُّ عَلَى سِيَادَتِهِ وَعِلْمِهِ وَتَسَنُّنِهِ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ كَتَبَ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ: إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ كَاتَبَ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ، فَإِذَا جَاءَكَ كِتَابِي هَذَا فَاجْلِدْهُ مِائَةَ ضَرْبَةٍ، وَقِفْهُ لِلنَّاسِ، وَلَا أُرَانِي إِلَّا قَاتِلَهُ. فَأَرْسَلَ خَلْفَهُ فَعَلَّمَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ كَلِمَاتِ الْكَرْبِ، فَقَالَهَا حِينَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَنَجَّاهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ، وَهِيَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْحَلِيمُ الْكَرِيمُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْعَلِيُّ الْعَظِيمُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ الْأَرْضِ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ. تُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّهُ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتَ مَنْظُورٍ الْفَزَارِيِّ. وَقَالَ يَوْمًا لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الرَّافِضَةِ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ قَتْلَكَ لَقُرْبَةٌ إِلَى اللَّهِ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ: إِنَّكَ تَمْزَحُ. فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ مَا هَذَا مِنِّي بِمَزْحٍ وَلَكِنَّهُ الْجِدُّ. وَقَالَ لَهُ آخَرُ مِنْهُمْ: أَلَمْ يَقُلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ ؟ فَقَالَ: بَلَى، وَلَوْ أَرَادَ الْخِلَافَةَ لَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ هَذَا وَلِيُّ أَمْرِكُمْ وَهُوَ الْقَائِمُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي، فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا، وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ كَانَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ اخْتَارَ عَلِيًّا لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ عَلِيٌّ لَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تَرَكَ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ. وَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَيْضًا: وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ وُلِّينَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْئًا لَنُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ، ثُمَّ لَا نَقْبَلُ لَكُمْ تَوْبَةً، وَيْلَكُمْ غَرَرْتُمُونَا مِنْ أَنْفُسِنَا، وَيَلْكُمْ لَوْ كَانَتِ الْقَرَابَةُ تَنْفَعُ بِلَا عَمَلٍ لَنَفَعَتْ أَبَاهُ وَأُمَّهُ. فَلَوْ كَانَ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِينَا حَقًّا لَكَانَ آبَاؤُنَا إِذْ لَمْ يُعْلِمُونَا بِذَلِكَ قَدْ ظَلَمُونَا وَكَتَمُوا عَنَّا أَفْضَلَ الْأُمُورِ، وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَخْشَى أَنْ يُضَاعَفَ لِلْعَاصِي مِنَّا الْعَذَابُ ضِعْفَيْنِ، كَمَا إِنِّي لَأَرْجُوَ لِلْمُحْسِنِ مِنَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ الْأَجْرُ مَرَّتَيْنِ، وَيْلَكُمْ أَحِبُّونَا إِنْ أَطَعْنَا اللَّهَ، وَأَبْغِضُونَا إِنْ عَصَيْنَا اللَّهَ. مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ اللَّخْمِيُّ مَوْلَاهُمْ، كَانَ مَوْلًى لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُمْ، وَقِيلَ: كَانَ مَوْلًى لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ. افْتَتَحَ بِلَادَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَغَنِمَ مِنْهَا أَمْوَالًا لَا تُعَدُّ وَلَا تُوصَفُ، وَلَهُ بِهَا مَقَامَاتٌ مَشْهُورَةٌ هَائِلَةٌ، وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ كَانَ أَعْرَجَ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ وُلِدَ سَنَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ. وَأَصْلُهُ مِنْ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ مِنْ إِرَاشَةَ مِنْ بَلِيٍّ. سُبِيَ أَبُوهُ مِنْ جَبَلِ الْخَلِيلِ مِنَ الشَّامِ فِي أَيَّامِ الصِّدِّيقِ، وَكَانَ اسْمُ أَبِيهِ نَصْرًا فَصُغِّرَ. رَوَى عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ وَرَوَى عَنْهُ ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ مَسْرُوقٍ الْيَحْصُبِيُّ. وَوَلِيَ غَزْوَ الْبَحْرِ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ، فَغَزَا قُبْرُصَ، وَبَنَى هُنَالِكَ حُصُونًا كَالْمَاغُوصَةِ وَحِصْنِ يَانِسَ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْحُصُونِ الَّتِي بَنَاهَا بِقُبْرُصَ وَكَانَ نَائِبَ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدَ أَنْ فَتَحَهَا مُعَاوِيَةُ فِي سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ. وَشَهِدَ مَرْجَ رَاهِطٍ مَعَ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ الضَّحَّاكُ لَجَأَ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ إِلَى عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، ثُمَّ لَمَّا دَخَلَ مَرْوَانُ بِلَادَ مِصْرَ كَانَ مَعَهُ فَتَرَكَهُ عِنْدَ ابْنِهِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثُمَّ لَمَّا أَخَذَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بِلَادَ الْعِرَاقِ جَعَلَهُ وَزِيرًا عِنْدَ أَخِيهِ بِشْرِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ. وَكَانَ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ هَذَا ذَا رَأْيٍ وَتَدْبِيرٍ وَحَزْمٍ وَخِبْرَةٍ بِالْحَرْبِ. قَالَ الْفَسَوِيُّ: وَلِيَ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ إِمْرَةَ بِلَادِ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ، فَافْتَتَحَ بِلَادًا كَثِيرَةً. وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا أَنَّهُ افْتَتَحَ بِلَادَ الْأَنْدَلُسِ، وَهِيَ بِلَادٌ ذَاتُ مُدُنٍ وَقُرًى وَرِيفٍ، فَسَبَى مِنْهَا وَمِنْ غَيْرِهَا خَلْقًا كَثِيرًا، وَغَنِمَ أَمْوَالًا جَزِيلَةً، مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْجَوَاهِرِ النَّفِيسَةِ شَيْئًا لَا يُحْصَى وَلَا يُعَدُّ، وَأَمَّا الْآلَاتُ وَالْمَتَاعُ وَالدَّوَابُّ فَشَيْءٌ لَا يُدْرَى مَا هُوَ، وَسَبَى مِنَ الْغِلْمَانِ الْحِسَانِ وَالنِّسَاءِ الْحِسَانِ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا، حَتَّى قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْبِ أَحَدٌ مِثْلَهُ مِنَ الْأَعْدَاءِ، وَأَسْلَمَ أَهْلُ الْمَغْرِبِ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ، وَبَثَّ فِيهِمُ الدِّينَ وَالْقُرْآنَ، وَكَانَ إِذَا سَارَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ، تُحْمَلُ الْأَمْوَالُ مَعَهُ عَلَى الْعَجَلِ لِكَثْرَتِهَا وَعَجْزِ الدَّوَابِّ عَنْهَا. وَقَدْ كَانَ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ هَذَا يَفْتَحُ فِي بِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَقُتَيْبَةُ يَفْتَحُ فِي بِلَادِ الْمَشْرِقِ، فَجَزَاهُمَا اللَّهُ خَيْرًا، فَكِلَاهُمَا فَتَحَ مِنَ الْأَقَالِيمِ وَالْبُلْدَانِ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا، وَلَكِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ نُصَيْرٍ حَظِيَ بِأَشْيَاءَ لَمْ يَحْظَ بِهَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَتَّى قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ لَمَّا فَتَحَ الْأَنْدَلُسَ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: ابْعَثْ مَعِي رِجَالًا حَتَّى أَدُلَّكَ عَلَى كَنْزٍ عَظِيمٍ، فَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ رِجَالًا فَأَتَى بِهِمْ إِلَى مَكَانٍ، فَقَالَ: احْفِرُوا. فَحَفَرُوا فَأَفْضَى بِهِمُ الْحَفْرُ إِلَى قَاعَةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ ذَاتِ لَوَاوِينَ حَسَنَةٍ، فَوَجَدُوا هُنَاكَ مِنَ الْيَوَاقِيتِ وَالْجَوَاهِرِ وَالزَّبَرْجَدِ مَا أَبْهَتَهُمْ، وَأَمَّا الذَّهَبُ فَشَيْءٌ لَا يُعَبَّرُ عَنْهُ، وَوَجَدُوا فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ الطَّنَافِسَ، الطِّنْفِسَةُ مِنْهَا مَنْسُوجَةٌ بِقُضْبَانِ الذَّهَبِ، مَنْظُومَةٌ بِاللُّؤْلُؤِ الْغَالِي الْمُفْتَخِرِ، وَالطِّنْفِسَةُ مَنْظُومَةٌ بِالْجَوْهَرِ الْمُثَمَّنِ، وَالْيَوَاقِيتِ الَّتِي لَيْسَ لَهَا نَظِيرٌ فِي شَكْلِهَا وَحُسْنِهَا وَصِفَاتِهَا. وَلَقَدْ سُمِعَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُنَادٍ يُنَادِي لَا يَرَوْنَ شَخْصَهُ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّهُ قَدْ فُتِحَ عَلَيْكُمْ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ جَهَنَّمَ فَخُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُمْ وَجَدُوا فِي هَذَا الْكَنْزِ مَائِدَةَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الَّتِي كَانَ يَأْكُلُ عَلَيْهَا. وَقَدْ جَمَعَ أَخْبَارَهُ وَمَا جَرَى لَهُ فِي حُرُوبِهِ وَغَزَوَاتِهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ: أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ مُعَارِكُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ النُّصَيْرِيُّ. وَرَوَى الْحَافِظُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ سَأَلَ مُوسَى بْنَ نُصَيْرٍ حِينَ قَدِمَ دِمَشْقَ أَيَّامَ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَعْجَبِ شَيْءٍ رَآهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ، فَقَالَ: انْتَهَيْنَا مَرَّةً إِلَى جَزِيرَةٍ فِيهَا سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ جَرَّةً خَضْرَاءَ مَخْتُومَةً عَلَيْهَا بِخَاتَمِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فَأَمَرْتُ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ مِنْهَا فَأُخْرِجَتْ، وَأَمَرْتُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهَا فَنُقِبَتْ فَإِذَا شَيْطَانٌ يَنْفُضُ رَأْسَهُ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ لَا أَعُودُ بَعْدَهَا أُفْسِدُ فِي الْأَرْضِ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ نَظَرَ فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَا أَرَى بِهَا سُلَيْمَانَ وَمُلْكَهُ. فَانْسَاخَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَذَهَبَ، قَالَ: فَأَمَرْتُ بِالثَّلَاثِ الْبَوَاقِي فَرُدَّتْ إِلَى مَكَانِهَا. وَقَدِ اسْتَسْقَى مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ بِالنَّاسِ فِي سَنَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَتِسْعِينَ حِينَ أَقْحَطُوا بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِصِيَامِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ قَبْلَ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ، وَمَيَّزَ أَهْلَ الذِّمَّةِ عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْبَهَائِمِ وَأَوْلَادِهَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِرَفْعِ الضَّجِيجِ وَالْبُكَاءِ، وَهُوَ يَدْعُو اللَّهَ تَعَالَى حَتَّى انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَلَا دَعَوْتَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ فَقَالَ: هَذَا مَوْطِنٌ لَا يُذْكَرُ فِيهِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. فَسَقَاهُمُ اللَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، لَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ. وَقَدْ وَفَدَ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ عَلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فِي آخِرِ أَيَّامِهِ، فَدَخَلَ دِمَشْقَ فِي يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ وَالْوَلِيدُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، وَقَدْ لَبِسَ مُوسَى ثِيَابًا حَسَنَةً وَهَيْئَةً حَسَنَةً، وَمَعَهُ ثَلَاثُونَ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الْمُلُوكِ وَالْأَشْبَانِ، وَقَدْ أَلْبَسَهُمْ تِيجَانَ الْمُلُوكِ مَعَ مَا مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْخَدَمِ وَالْحَشَمِ وَالْأُبَّهَةِ الْعَظِيمَةِ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ الْوَلِيدُ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ جَامِعِ دِمَشْقَ بُهِتَ إِلَيْهِمْ، لِمَا رَأَى عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْحَرِيرِ وَالْجَوَاهِرِ وَالزِّينَةِ الْبَالِغَةِ، وَجَاءَ مُوسَى بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْوَلِيدِ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، وَأَمَرَ أُولَئِكَ فَوَقَفُوا عَنْ يَمِينِ الْمِنْبَرِ وَشِمَالِهِ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ الْوَلِيدُ، وَشَكَرَهُ عَلَى مَا أَيَّدَهُ بِهِ وَوَسَّعَ مُلْكَهُ، وَأَطَالَ الدُّعَاءَ وَالتَّحْمِيدَ وَالشُّكْرَ حَتَّى خَرَجَ وَقْتُ الْجُمُعَةِ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ، ثُمَّ اسْتَدْعَى بِمُوسَى بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ فَأَحْسَنَ جَائِزَتَهُ وَأَعْطَاهُ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا، وَكَانَ مُوسَى قَدْ قَدِمَ مَعَهُ بِمَائِدَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ، الَّتِي كَانَ يَأْكُلُ عَلَيْهَا وَكَانَتْ مِنْ خَلِيطَيْنِ، ذَهَبٍ وَفِضَّةٍ وَعَلَيْهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَطْوَاقِ لُؤْلُؤٍ وَجَوْهَرٍ لَمْ يُرَ مِثْلُهَا، وَجَدَهَا فِي مَدِينَةِ طُلَيْطِلَةَ مِنْ بِلَادِ الْأَنْدَلُسِ مَعَ أَمْوَالٍ كَثِيرَةٍ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ بَعَثَ ابْنَهُ مَرْوَانَ عَلَى جَيْشٍ، فَأَصَابَ مِنَ السَّبْيِ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ رَأْسٍ، وَبَعَثَ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ فِي جَيْشٍ، فَأَصَابَ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ رَأْسٍ أَيْضًا مِنَ الْبَرْبَرِ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ كِتَابُهُ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِ أَنَّ خُمُسَ الْغَنَائِمِ أَرْبَعُونَ أَلْفَ رَأْسٍ. قَالَ النَّاسُ: إِنَّ هَذَا أَحْمَقُ، مِنْ أَيْنَ لَهُ أَرْبَعُونَ أَلْفَ رَأْسٍ خُمُسُ الْغَنَائِمِ؟ فَبَلَغَهُ ذَلِكَ فَأَرْسَلَ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ رَأْسٍ وَهِيَ خُمُسُ مَا غَنِمَ، وَلَمْ يُسْمَعْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ بِمِثْلِ سَبَايَا مُوسَى بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ أَمِيرِ الْمَغْرِبِ. وَقَدْ جَرَتْ لَهُ عَجَائِبُ فِي فَتْحِهِ بِلَادَ الْأَنْدَلُسِ، وَقَالَ: لَوِ انْقَادَ النَّاسُ لِي لَقُدْتُهُمْ حَتَّى أَفْتَحَ بِهِمْ مَدِينَةَ رُومِيَّةَ وَهِيَ الْمَدِينَةُ الْعُظْمَى فِي بِلَادِ الْفِرِنْجِ ثُمَّ لَيَفْتَحَنَّهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيَّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. وَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى الْوَلِيدِ قَدِمَ مَعَهُ بِثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا مِنَ السَّبْيِ غَيْرَ مَا ذَكَرْنَا، وَذَلِكَ خُمُسُ مَا كَانَ غَنِمَهُ فِي آخِرِ غَزَاةٍ غَزَاهَا بِبِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَقَدِمَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالتُّحَفِ وَاللَّآلِئِ وَالْجَوَاهِرِ مَا لَا يُحَدُّ وَلَا يُوصَفُ. وَلَمْ يَزَلْ مُقِيمًا بِدِمَشْقَ حَتَّى مَاتَ الْوَلِيدُ وَتَوَلَّى سُلَيْمَانُ، وَكَانَ عَاتِبًا عَلَى مُوسَى فَحَبَسَهُ عِنْدَهُ، وَطَالَبَهُ بِأَمْوَالٍ عَظِيمَةٍ. وَلَمْ يَزَلْ فِي يَدِهِ حَتَّى حَجَّ سُلَيْمَانُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَأَخَذَهُ مَعَهُ فَمَاتَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ. وَقِيلَ: بِوَادِي الْقُرَى. وَقَدْ قَارَبَ الثَّمَانِينَ، وَقِيلَ: تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَفِيهَا مَاتَ عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَمِائَةٍ. طلحة بن عبد الله بن عوف طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ [ابْنُ أَخِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ] يُكَنَّى أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ : وَلِيَ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ سَرَاةِ قُرَيْشٍ وَأَجْوَادِهِمْ، وَمَدَحَهُ الْفَرَزْدَقُ وَمَدَحَ عَشَرَةً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَأَعْطَاهُ طَلْحَةُ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، فَلَمْ يَتَجَاسَرْ أَحَدٌ عَلَى نَقِيصَةِ الْفَرَزْدَقِ لِئَلَّا يَتَعَرَّضُوا لِلِسَانِهِ فَأَتْعَبَ النَّاسَ. وَتُوُفِّيَ طَلْحَةُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَنِ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ سَنَةً.
Translation
✧ Among the notables who died in that year: Al-Ḥasan b. al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib Abū Muḥammad al-Qurashī al-Hāshimī. He narrated from his father, from his grandfather, in marfūʿ form: “Whoever sustains a Muslim household for their day and night, Allah forgives his sins.” And from ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaʿfar, from ʿAlī, regarding the supplication of distress, and from his wife Fāṭimah bt. al-Ḥusayn. From him narrated his son ʿAbd Allāh and a group. He came as a delegate to ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān, who honored him and supported him against al-Ḥajjāj, and confirmed him alone over the administration of the ṣadaqah of ʿAlī. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir wrote his biography and did so excellently, and mentioned reports from him that indicate his leadership, knowledge, and adherence to the Sunnah, may Allah have mercy on him. It is said that al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik wrote to his governor in Madinah: “Al-Ḥasan b. al-Ḥasan has corresponded with the people of Iraq. When this letter of mine reaches you, flog him with a hundred lashes, make him stand before the people, and I do not think I will do anything but kill him.” So he sent for him, and ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn taught him the words of distress, and he said them when he entered upon him, and Allah saved him from them. They are: “There is no god but Allah, the Forbearing, the Generous. There is no god but Allah, the Most High, the Magnificent. There is no god but Allah, Lord of the seven heavens, Lord of the earth, Lord of the Mighty Throne.” He died in Madinah, and his mother was Khawlah bt. Manẓūr al-Fazārī. One day he said to a man of the Rāfiḍah: “By Allah, killing you is a means of nearness to Allah, Mighty and Majestic.” The man said to him: “You are joking.” He said: “By Allah, this is no joke from me, but it is serious.” Another of them said to him: “Did not the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Whoever’s mawlā I am, ʿAlī is his mawlā’?” He said: “Yes, but if he had meant the caliphate, he would have addressed the people and said: ‘O people, know that this is the one in charge of your affairs after me, so hear and obey him.’ By Allah, if Allah and His Messenger had chosen ʿAlī for this matter and then ʿAlī abandoned it, he would have been the first to abandon the command of Allah and His Messenger.” He also said to them: “By Allah, if we are given any authority over this matter, we will cut off your hands and feet in opposition, then we will not accept repentance from you. Woe to you! You have deceived us about ourselves. Woe to you! If kinship were of benefit without deeds, it would have benefited his father and mother ﷺ. If what you say about us were true, then our forefathers, since they did not inform us of that, would have wronged us and concealed from us the best of matters. By Allah, I fear that the disobedient among us will have the punishment doubled, just as I hope that the righteous among us will have the reward twice. Woe to you! Love us if we obey Allah, and hate us if we disobey Allah.” Mūsā b. Nuṣayr Mūsā b. Nuṣayr Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Lakhmī their client (mawlā). He was a client of a woman from among them, and it is said he was a client of the Banū Umayyah. He conquered the lands of the Maghrib and gained from them wealth beyond count or description, and he had famous, terrifying exploits there. It is said that he was lame. It is said that he was born in the year nineteen. His origin was from ʿAyn al-Tamr, and it is said he was from Arāshah of Balī. His father was taken captive from Jabal al-Khalīl in Syria in the days of al-Ṣiddīq, and his father’s name was Naṣr, which was made diminutive. He narrated from Tamīm al-Dārī, and from him narrated his son ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz and Yazīd b. Masrūq al-Yaḥṣubī. He was in charge of naval raids for Muʿāwiyah, and he raided Cyprus and built fortresses there such as al-Māghūṣah, the fortress of Yānis, and other fortresses that he built in Cyprus. He was Muʿāwiyah’s deputy over it after Muʿāwiyah conquered it in the year twenty-seven. He witnessed Marj Rāhiṭ with al-Ḍaḥḥāk b. Qays, and when al-Ḍaḥḥāk was killed, Mūsā b. Nuṣayr took refuge with ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Marwān. Then when Marwān entered the land of Egypt, he was with him, and he left him with his son ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. Then when ʿAbd al-Malik took the land of Iraq, he made him a minister in the service of his brother Bishr b. Marwān. This Mūsā b. Nuṣayr had judgment, prudence, firmness, and experience in war. Al-Fasawī said: Mūsā b. Nuṣayr took over the governorship of Ifrīqiyah in the year seventy-nine, and he conquered many lands. We have already mentioned that he conquered the land of al-Andalus, a land of cities, villages, and countryside, and he took from it and from elsewhere many captives and gained abundant wealth of gold and precious jewels beyond reckoning or counting. As for tools, goods, and animals, their amount is unknowable. He took many beautiful slave boys and beautiful women as captives, so much so that it is said no one ever took such captives from the enemy. The people of the Maghrib embraced Islam at his hands, and he spread among them the religion and the Qurʾān. When he marched to a place, wealth was carried with him on carts because of its abundance and the inability of pack animals to bear it. This Mūsā b. Nuṣayr was conquering in the lands of the Maghrib while Qutaybah was conquering in the lands of the east; may Allah reward them both well. Each of them conquered many regions and countries, but Mūsā b. Nuṣayr obtained things Qutaybah did not. It is said that when he conquered al-Andalus, a man came to him and said: “Send men with me and I will guide you to a great treasure.” He sent men with him, and he brought them to a place and said: “Dig.” They dug, and the digging led them to a vast hall with fine colonnades. There they found of rubies, jewels, and chrysolite what astounded them, and as for gold, it was beyond expression. In that place they also found carpets; one carpet was woven with bars of gold and studded with costly, magnificent pearls, and another was studded with precious gems and rubies that had no equal in form, beauty, or quality. On that day a caller was heard, though no person was seen: “O people, a gate of the gates of Hell has been opened for you, so take warning.” It is said that in this treasure they found the table of Sulaymān b. Dāwūd, upon which he used to eat. A man of his descendants named Abū Muʿāwiyah Maʿārik b. Marwān b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān b. Mūsā b. Nuṣayr al-Nuṣayrī collected his reports and what happened to him in his wars and campaigns. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir narrated that ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz asked Mūsā b. Nuṣayr, when he came to Damascus in the days of al-Walīd, about the most amazing thing he saw at sea. He said: “We once came to an island in which there were sixteen green jars sealed with the seal of Sulaymān b. Dāwūd (peace be upon them). I ordered four of them to be brought out, and I ordered one of them to be pierced, and behold, there was a devil shaking his head and saying: ‘By the One who honored you with prophethood, I will never again cause corruption in the earth after this.’ He said: Then he looked and said: ‘By Allah, I do not see Sulaymān and his kingdom in it.’ Then he slipped into the earth and went away. He said: So I ordered the remaining three to be returned to their place.” Mūsā b. Nuṣayr led the people in the rain prayer in the year ninety-three when they suffered drought in Ifrīqiyah. He ordered them to fast three days before the rain prayer, then he went out among the people, separated the dhimmīs from the Muslims, and separated the beasts from their young, then ordered loud weeping and crying to be raised, while he supplicated to Allah Almighty until midday. Then he came down, and it was said to him: “Will you not supplicate for the Commander of the Faithful?” He said: “This is a place where none but Allah is mentioned.” Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gave them rain because of what he said. Mūsā b. Nuṣayr came as a delegate to al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik at the end of his days. He entered Damascus on a Friday while al-Walīd was on the pulpit, and Mūsā had put on fine clothes and a fine appearance, and with him were thirty sons of kings and nobles, and he had dressed them in the crowns of kings, along with their servants, retinue, and great pomp. When al-Walīd saw them while he was addressing the people from the pulpit of the mosque of Damascus, he was astonished at the silk, jewels, and magnificent adornment on them. Mūsā b. Nuṣayr came and greeted al-Walīd while he was on the pulpit, and he ordered those men to stand to the right and left of the pulpit. Al-Walīd praised Allah and thanked Him for the support and expansion of his kingdom, and he prolonged supplication, praise, and thanks until the time of Friday prayer passed. Then he descended and prayed with the people, then summoned Mūsā b. Nuṣayr and gave him a fine reward and much wealth. Mūsā had brought with him the table of Sulaymān b. Dāwūd (peace be upon them), upon which he used to eat, made of two metals—gold and silver—and on it were three collars of pearls and jewels the like of which had never been seen. He found it in the city of Ṭulayṭilah in al-Andalus along with much wealth. It is said that he sent his son Marwān on an army, and he took one hundred thousand captives, and he sent his nephew on an army, and he also took one hundred thousand captives from the Berbers. When his letter came to al-Walīd stating that the fifth of the spoils was forty thousand captives, people said: “This man is foolish; how can he have forty thousand captives as the fifth of the spoils?” This reached him, so he sent forty thousand captives, which was the fifth of what he had gained. In Islam nothing like the captives of Mūsā b. Nuṣayr, governor of the Maghrib, has been heard of. He performed wonders in his conquest of al-Andalus, and he said: “If the people would follow me, I would lead them until I conquered the city of Rome, which is the greatest city in the land of the Franks, and Allah will indeed conquer it through my hands, if Allah Almighty wills.” When he came to al-Walīd, he brought with him thirty thousand captives in addition to those mentioned, which was the fifth of what he had gained in the last campaign he waged in the land of the Maghrib, and he brought with him wealth, gifts, pearls, and jewels beyond limit or description. He remained in Damascus until al-Walīd died and Sulaymān came to power. Sulaymān was angry with Mūsā, so he imprisoned him and demanded from him enormous sums. He remained in his custody until Sulaymān performed the pilgrimage that year and took him with him, and he died in Madinah—or, it is said, in Wādī al-Qurā—approaching eighty years of age. It is also said that he died in the year ninety-nine; Allah knows best. In that year ʿAṭāʾ b. Yasār died, or it is said in the year one hundred and three. Ṭalḥah b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAwf [the nephew of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf] was known as Abū Muḥammad: He governed Madinah and was among the nobility and generous ones of Quraysh. Al-Farazdaq praised him and praised ten of the people of Madinah, and Ṭalḥah gave him a thousand dinars. No one dared to belittle al-Farazdaq for fear of his tongue, and he wearied the people. Ṭalḥah died in this year at the age of seventy-two.
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