Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2390
The Year 94
قَتْلِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَفِي سَنَةُ أَرْبَعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ قَتَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ كَانَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ عَلَى نَفَقَاتِ الْجُنْدِ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ إِلَى قِتَالِ رُتْبِيلَ، فَلَمَّا خَلَعَهُ ابْنُ الْأَشْعَثِ خَلَعَهُ مَعَهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ، فَلَمَّا ظَفِرَ الْحَجَّاجُ بِابْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ هَرَبَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ إِلَى أَصْبَهَانَ، فَكَتَبَ الْحَجَّاجُ إِلَى نَائِبِهَا أَنْ يَبْعَثَهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ سَعِيدٌ هَرَبَ مِنْهَا، ثُمَّ كَانَ يَعْتَمِرُ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ وَيَحُجُّ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ لَجَأَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا إِلَى أَنْ وَلِيَهَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَسْرِيُّ، فَأَشَارَ مَنْ أَشَارَ عَلَى سَعِيدٍ بِالْهَرَبِ مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ: وَاللَّهِ لَقَدِ اسْتَحْيَيْتُ مِنَ اللَّهِ، مِمَّ أَفِرُّ وَلَا مَفَرَّ مِنْ قَدَرِهِ؟! وَتَوَلَّى عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ بَدَلَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، فَجَعَلَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ ابْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ فِي الْقُيُودِ، فَتَعَلَّمَ مِنْهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَسْرِيُّ، فَعَيَّنَ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَكَّةَ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، وَعَطَاءَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، وَمُجَاهِدَ بْنَ جَبْرٍ، وَعَمْرَو بْنَ دِينَارٍ، وَطَلْقَ بْنَ حَبِيبٍ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ كَتَبَ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ بِمَكَّةَ أَقْوَامًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّقَاقِ، فَبَعَثَ خَالِدٌ بِهَؤُلَاءِ إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ عَفَا عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، وَعَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ; لِأَنَّهُمَا مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، وَبَعَثَ بِأُولَئِكَ الثَّلَاثَةِ، فَأَمَّا طَلْقٌ فَمَاتَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِلَ، وَأَمَّا مُجَاهِدٌ فَحُبِسَ حَتَّى مَاتَ الْحَجَّاجُ. وكَانَ سَيْرُهُمْ مَعَ حَرَسَيْنِ، فَانْطَلَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِحَاجَةٍ وَبَقِيَ الْآخَرُ، فَقَالَ لِسَعِيدٍ، وَقَدِ اسْتَيْقَظَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ لَيْلًا: يَا سَعِيدُ، إِنِّي أَبْرَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ دَمِكَ، إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ فِي مَنَامِي، فَقِيلَ لِي: وَيْلَكَ ! تَبَرَّأْ مِنْ دَمِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ! فَاذْهَبْ حَيْثُ شِئْتَ فَإِنِّي لَا أَطْلُبُكَ. فَأَبَى سَعِيدٌ، فَرَأَى ذَلِكَ الْحَرَسُ مِثْلَ تِلْكَ الرُّؤْيَا ثَلَاثًا، وَيَأْذَنُ لِسَعِيدٍ فِي الذَّهَابِ وَهُوَ لَا يَفْعَلُ. فَقَدِمُوا بِهِ الْكُوفَةَ، فَأُنْزِلَ فِي دَارِهِ، وَأَتَاهُ قُرَّاءُ الْكُوفَةِ، فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ وَبُنَيَّةٌ لَهُ فِي حِجْرِهِ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرَتْ إِلَى الْقَيْدِ فِي رِجْلِهِ بَكَتْ، ثُمَّ أَدْخَلُوهُ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بعث سعيد بن جبير على الحجاج فَلَمَّا وَقَفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ لَهُ: يَا سَعِيدُ، أَلَمْ أُشْرِكْكَ فِي أَمَانَتِي؟ أَلَمْ أَسْتَعْمِلْكَ؟ أَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ، أَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ؟ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ: نَعَمْ. حَتَّى ظَنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ أَنَّهُ سَيُخْلِي سَبِيلَهُ حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ: فَمَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ خَرَجْتَ عَلَيَّ، وَخَلَعْتَ بَيْعَةَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ: إِنَّ ابْنَ الْأَشْعَثِ أَخَذَ مِنِّي الْبَيْعَةَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَعَزَمَ عَلَيَّ. فَغَضِبَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ الْحَجَّاجُ غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا، وَانْتَفَخَ حَتَّى سَقَطَ أَحَدُ طَرَفَيْ رِدَائِهِ عَنْ مَنْكِبِهِ، وَقَالَ لَهُ: وَيْحَكَ، أَلَمْ أَقْدَمْ مَكَّةَ فَقَتَلْتُ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَأَخَذْتُ بَيْعَةَ أَهْلِهَا، وَأَخَذْتُ بَيْعَتَكَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْكُوفَةَ وَالِيًا عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَجَدَّدْتُ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْبَيْعَةَ، فَأَخَذْتُ بَيْعَتَكَ لَهُ ثَانِيَةً؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: فَتَنْكُثُ بَيْعَتَيْنِ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَتَفِي بِوَاحِدَةٍ لِلْحَائِكِ ابْنِ الْحَائِكِ؟ يَا حَرَسِيُّ اضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ. قَالَ: فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهُ، فَنَدَرَ رَأْسُهُ، عَلَيْهِ لَاطِئَةٌ صَغِيرَةٌ بَيْضَاءُ. وَقَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: لَمَّا أُوقِفَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ قُدَّامَ الْحَجَّاجِ، قَالَ: يَا شَقِيُّ بْنَ كُسَيْرٍ، أَمَا قَدِمْتُ الْكُوفَةَ فَجَعَلْتُكَ إِمَامًا؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: أَمَا وَلَّيْتُكَ الْقَضَاءَ، فَضَجَّ أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ: إِنَّهُ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِلْقَضَاءِ إِلَّا عَرَبِيٌّ. فَجَعَلْتُ أَبَا بُرْدَةَ، وَأَمَّرْتُهُ أَنْ لَا يَقْطَعَ أَمْرًا دُونَكَ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: أَمَا أَعْطَيْتُكَ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ تُفَرِّقُهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْحَاجَةِ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: فَمَا أَخْرَجَكَ عَلَيَّ؟ قَالَ: بَيْعَةٌ كَانَتْ فِي عُنُقِي لِابْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ. فَغَضِبَ الْحَجَّاجُ، وَقَالَ: أَمَا كَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي عُنُقِكَ مِنْ قَبْلُ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَكَفَرْتَ إِذْ خَرَجْتَ عَلَيَّ؟ قَالَ: مَا كَفَرْتُ مُنْذُ آمَنْتُ. فَقَالَ: اخْتَرْ أَيَّ قِتْلَةٍ أَقْتُلُكَ. فَقَالَ: اخْتَرْ أَنْتَ، فَإِنَّ الْقِصَاصَ أَمَامَكَ. فَقَالَ الْحَجَّاجُ: يَا حَرَسِيُّ، اضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ. وَذَلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَتِسْعِينَ بِوَاسِطٍ، وَقَبْرُهُ ظَاهِرٌ يُزَارُ. وَلَمَّا قَتَلَهُ خَرَجَ مِنْهُ دَمٌ كَثِيرٌ حَتَّى رَاعَ الْحَجَّاجَ، فَدَعَا طَبِيبًا، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ قَتَلْتَهُ وَنَفْسُهُ مَعَهُ، وَقَلْبُهُ حَاضِرٌ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ رُئِيَ فِي الْمَنَامِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: مَا فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِكَ؟ فَقَالَ: قَتَلَنِي بِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ قَتَلْتُهُ قَتْلَةً، وَقَتَلَنِي بِسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ قَتْلَةً. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ فَحُدِّثْتُ عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ مَالِكِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ خَلَفَ بْنَ خَلِيفَةَ يَذْكُرُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا قَتَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ فَنَدَرَ رَأْسُهُ هَلَّلَ ثَلَاثًا مَرَّةً يُفْصِحُ بِهَا، وَفِي الثِّنْتَيْنِ يَقُولُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ لَا يُفْصِحُ بِهَا. وَذَكَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ أَبِي شَيْخٍ يَقُولُ: لَمَّا أُتِيَ الْحَجَّاجُ بِسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ: لُعِنَ ابْنُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ يَعْنِي خَالِدًا الْقَسْرِيَّ، وَكَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ بِهِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ أَمَا كُنْتُ أَعْرِفُ مَكَانَهُ؟! بَلَى وَاللَّهِ، وَالْبَيْتَ الَّذِي هُوَ فِيهِ بِمَكَّةَ. ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: يَا سَعِيدُ، مَا أَخْرَجَكَ عَلَيَّ؟ فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ الْأَمِيرَ، أَنَا امْرُؤٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُخْطِئُ مَرَّةً، وَيُصِيبُ أُخْرَى. فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُ الْحَجَّاجِ، وَانْطَلَقَ وَجْهُهُ، وَرَجَا الْحَجَّاجُ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّصَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ، ثُمَّ عَاوَدَهُ فِي شَيْءٍ فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ: إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ بَيْعَةٌ فِي عُنُقِي. فَغَضِبَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ الْحَجَّاجُ، فَكَانَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِ. وَذَكَرَ عَتَّابُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ الْأَفْطَسِ قَالَ: أُتِيَ الْحَجَّاجُ بِسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الرُّكُوبَ، وَقَدْ وَضَعَ إِحْدَى رِجْلَيْهِ فِي الْغَرْزِ، فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَا أَرْكَبُ حَتَّى تَتَبَوَّأَ مَقْعَدَكَ مِنَ النَّارِ، اضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ. فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهُ، قَالَ: وَالْتَبَسَ الْحَجَّاجُ فِي عَقْلِهِ مَكَانَهُ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: قُيُودَنَا قُيُودَنَا. فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ الْقُيُودَ الَّتِي عَلَى سَعِيدٍ، فَقَطَعُوا رِجْلَيْهِ مِنْ أَنْصَافِ سَاقَيْهِ، وَأَخَذُوا الْقُيُودَ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ: بسنده عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ خَبَّابٍ قَالَ: جِيءَ بِسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ فَقَالَ: كَتَبْتَ إِلَى مُصْعَبِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ؟ فَقَالَ: بَلْ كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ مُصْعَبٌ. قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَأَقْتُلَنَّكَ. قَالَ: إِنِّي إِذًا لَسَعِيدٌ كَمَا سَمَّتْنِي أُمِّي. قَالَ: فَقَتَلَهُ. فَلَمْ يَلْبَثِ الْحَجَّاجُ بَعْدَهُ إِلَّا أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا، فَكَانَ إِذَا نَامَ يَرَاهُ فِي الْمَنَامِ يَأْخُذُ بِمَجَامِعِ ثَوْبِهِ، وَيَقُولُ: يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ فِيمَ قَتَلْتَنِي؟ فَيَقُولُ الْحَجَّاجُ: مَا لِي وَلِسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، مَا لِي وَلِسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ؟ ! قَالَ ابْنُ خَلِّكَانَ: كَانَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ هِشَامِ الْأَسَدِيُّ، مَوْلَى بَنِي وَالِبَةَ كُوفِيًّا، أَحَدَ الْأَعْلَامِ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ، وَكَانَ أَسْوَدَ اللَّوْنِ، وَكَانَ لَا يَكْتُبُ عَلَى الْفُتْيَا، فَلَمَّا عَمِيَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ كَتَبَ، فَغَضِبَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. وَذَكَرَ مَقْتَلَهُ كَنَحْوِ مَا تَقَدَّمَ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي شَعْبَانَ، وَأَنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ مَاتَ بَعْدَهُ فِي رَمَضَانَ، وَقِيلَ: بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ. وَذُكِرَ عَنِ الْإِمَامِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قُتِلَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ وَمَا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَهُوَ مُحْتَاجٌ أَوْ قَالَ: مُفْتَقِرٌ إِلَى عِلْمِهِ. وَيُقَالُ إِنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ لَمْ يُسَلَّطْ بَعْدَهُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ.. سنة الفقهاء قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَكَانَ يُقَالُ لِهَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: سَنَةُ الْفُقَهَاءِ; لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ فِيهَا عَامَّةُ فُقَهَاءِ الْمَدِينَةِ; مَاتَ فِي أَوَّلِهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ، ثُمَّ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، ثُمَّ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ. ترجمة سعيد بن جبير رحمه الله سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ الْوَالِبِيُّ مَوْلَاهُمْ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ، وَيُقَالُ: أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، الْكُوفِيُّ الْمَكِّيُّ، مِنْ أَكَابِرِ أَصْحَابِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، كَانَ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ فِي التَّفْسِيرِ وَالْفِقْهِ وَأَنْوَاعِ الْعُلُومِ، وَكَثْرَةِ الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، وَقَدْ رَأَى خَلْقًا مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ، وَرَوَى عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْهُمْ، وَعَنْهُ خَلْقٌ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ، يُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ خَتْمَةً تَامَّةً، وَكَانَ يَقْعُدُ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ الْقَعْدَةَ فَيَقْرَأُ فِيهَا الْخَتْمَةَ، وَرُبَّمَا قَرَأَهَا فِي رَكْعَةٍ فِي جَوْفِ الْكَعْبَةِ، وَقَدْ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَقَدْ أَتَاهُ أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ يَسْأَلُونَهُ: أَلَيْسَ فِيكُمْ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ؟ وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي عُمْرِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، حِينَ قُتِلَ، فَقِيلَ: كَانَ عُمْرُهُ تِسْعًا وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: سَبْعًا وَخَمْسِينَ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ اللَّالَكَائِيُّ: كَانَ مَقْتَلُهُ فِي سَنَةِ خَمْسٍ وَتِسْعِينَ. وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ مَقْتَلَهُ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Translation
✧ The Killing of Saʿīd b. Jubayr Ibn Jarīr said: In the year ninety-four, al-Ḥajjāj b. Yūsuf killed Saʿīd b. Jubayr. The reason for that was that al-Ḥajjāj had placed him in charge of the soldiers' expenditures when he sent him with ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad b. al-Ashʿath to fight Rutbīl. When Ibn al-Ashʿath renounced him, Saʿīd b. Jubayr renounced him along with him. When al-Ḥajjāj prevailed over Ibn al-Ashʿath and his companions, Saʿīd b. Jubayr fled to Iṣbahān. Al-Ḥajjāj wrote to its deputy to send him to him. When Saʿīd heard of that, he fled from it. Then he used to perform ʿumrah every year and go on ḥajj. Then he took refuge in Makkah and stayed there until Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Qasrī became its governor. Someone advised Saʿīd to flee from it, but Saʿīd said: By God, I have become ashamed before God—from what should I flee when there is no escape from His decree?! ʿUthmān b. Ḥayyān took over as governor of al-Madīnah in place of ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. He began sending those of Ibn al-Ashʿath's companions from the people of Iraq who were in al-Madīnah to al-Ḥajjāj in chains. Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Qasrī learned this from him, so he singled out those with him in Makkah: Saʿīd b. Jubayr, ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ, Mujāhid b. Jabr, ʿAmr b. Dīnār, and Ṭalq b. Ḥabīb. It is said that al-Ḥajjāj wrote to al-Walīd informing him that in Makkah there were people of dissension, so Khālid sent these to him. Then he pardoned ʿAṭāʾ and ʿAmr b. Dīnār because they were from the people of Makkah, and he sent those three. As for Ṭalq, he died on the way before arriving. As for Mujāhid, he was imprisoned until al-Ḥajjāj died. Their journey was with two guards. One of the guards went off for a need, and the other remained. He said to Saʿīd, who had awakened from his sleep at night: O Saʿīd, I declare before God my innocence of your blood. I saw in my sleep, and it was said to me: Woe to you! Declare yourself innocent of the blood of Saʿīd b. Jubayr! So go wherever you wish, for I will not pursue you. Saʿīd refused. The guard saw the like of that dream three times, and he gave Saʿīd permission to go, but he would not do so. They brought him to al-Kūfah and he was lodged in his house. The Qurʾān reciters of al-Kūfah came to him, and he began speaking to them while laughing, with a little daughter of his on his lap. When she saw the shackle on his leg, she wept. Then they brought him in before al-Ḥajjāj—Saʿīd b. Jubayr was sent against al-Ḥajjāj. When he stood before al-Ḥajjāj, he said to him: O Saʿīd, did I not make you a partner in my trust? Did I not employ you? Did I not do, did I not do? To all of that he said: Yes. Until those present thought that he would release him. Then he said to him: What led you to rebel against me and renounce the allegiance to the Commander of the Faithful? Saʿīd said: Ibn al-Ashʿath took the oath of allegiance from me for that and bound me by oath. At that al-Ḥajjāj became extremely angry and swelled up until one end of his cloak fell from his shoulder, and he said to him: Woe to you! Did I not come to Makkah and kill Ibn al-Zubayr and take the allegiance of its people, and take your allegiance to the Commander of the Faithful ʿAbd al-Malik? He said: Yes. He said: Then I came to al-Kūfah as governor of Iraq and renewed the allegiance to the Commander of the Faithful, and took your allegiance to him a second time? He said: Yes. He said: Do you break two allegiances to the Commander of the Faithful and fulfill one to the weaver, son of the weaver? O guard, strike his neck. He said: His neck was struck, and his head flew off, with a small white patch on it. Al-Wāqidī said: When Saʿīd b. Jubayr was made to stand before al-Ḥajjāj, he said: O wretched son of Kusayr, did I not come to al-Kūfah and make you an imam? He said: Yes. He said: Did I not appoint you to the judiciary, and the people of al-Kūfah clamored that only an Arab is fit for the judiciary? So I appointed Abū Burdah and commanded him not to decide any matter without you. He said: Yes. He said: Did I not give you a hundred thousand to distribute among the needy? He said: Yes. He said: Then what made you rebel against me? He said: An allegiance that was upon my neck to Ibn al-Ashʿath. Al-Ḥajjāj became angry and said: Was not the allegiance to the Commander of the Faithful upon your neck before that? Then he said: Did you disbelieve when you rebelled against me? He said: I have not disbelieved since I believed. He said: Choose whichever death I should kill you. He said: Choose you, for retribution is before you. Al-Ḥajjāj said: O guard, strike his neck. That was in Ramaḍān of the year ninety-five in Wāsiṭ, and his grave is visible and visited. When he killed him, much blood flowed from him, so much that al-Ḥajjāj was alarmed. He summoned a physician and asked him about that. He said: You killed him while his soul was with him and his heart was present. It is said that al-Ḥajjāj was seen in a dream, and it was said to him: What did God do with you? He said: He killed me once for every man I killed, and He killed me for Saʿīd b. Jubayr with seventy-two deaths. And God knows best. Ibn Jarīr said: I was told from Abū Ghassān Mālik b. Ismāʿīl, who said: I heard Khalaf b. Khalīfah mention from a man, who said: When al-Ḥajjāj killed Saʿīd b. Jubayr and his head flew off, he proclaimed the tahlīl three times—once articulating it clearly, and in the other two saying the like of that without articulating it clearly. Abū Bakr al-Bāhilī mentioned, saying: I heard Anas b. Abī Shaykh say: When Saʿīd b. Jubayr was brought to al-Ḥajjāj, he said: May the son of the Christian woman be cursed—meaning Khālid al-Qasrī, who was the one who sent him from Makkah. Did I not know his location? Yes, by God, and the house in which he was in Makkah. Then he turned to him and said: O Saʿīd, what made you rebel against me? He said: May God keep the amīr righteous—I am a man of the Muslims who errs once and does right another time. Al-Ḥajjāj's heart was pleased, and his face relaxed, and al-Ḥajjāj hoped that he might extricate himself from his affair. Then he returned to him about something, and Saʿīd said: It was only an allegiance upon my neck. At that al-Ḥajjāj became angry, and what happened of his killing happened. ʿAttāb b. Bashīr mentioned from Sālim al-Afṭas, who said: Saʿīd b. Jubayr was brought to al-Ḥajjāj while he was about to mount, and he had placed one of his feet in the stirrup. He said: By God, I will not mount until you take your seat in the Fire—strike his neck. His neck was struck. He said: Al-Ḥajjāj's mind became confused on the spot, and he began saying: Our shackles, our shackles. They thought he meant the shackles that were on Saʿīd, so they cut off his legs from the middle of his shins and took the shackles. Muḥammad b. Ḥātim said, with his chain of transmission from Hilāl b. Khabbāb, who said: Saʿīd b. Jubayr was brought to al-Ḥajjāj, and he said: Did you write to Muṣʿab b. al-Zubayr? He said: Rather, Muṣʿab wrote to me. He said: By God, I will surely kill you. He said: Then I am indeed Saʿīd (felicitous), as my mother named me. He said: So he killed him. Al-Ḥajjāj did not remain after him but forty days. When he slept, he would see him in a dream taking hold of the collar of his garment and saying: O enemy of God, why did you kill me? Al-Ḥajjāj would say: What have I to do with Saʿīd b. Jubayr? What have I to do with Saʿīd b. Jubayr?! Ibn Khallikān said: Saʿīd b. Jubayr b. Hishām al-Asadī, client of Banū Wālibah, was a Kufan, one of the notable figures of the Successors. He was black in color. He would not write down legal opinions, but when Ibn ʿAbbās went blind, he wrote, and Ibn ʿAbbās became angry at that. He mentioned his killing in a manner similar to what has preceded, and mentioned that it was in Shaʿbān, and that al-Ḥajjāj died after him in Ramaḍān; it is also said: six months later. It is mentioned from Imām Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal that he said: Saʿīd b. Jubayr was killed while there was no one on the face of the earth except that he was in need—or he said: impoverished—of his knowledge. It is said that al-Ḥajjāj was not given power over anyone after him. The Year of the Jurists Ibn Jarīr said: This year was called the Year of the Jurists because most of the jurists of al-Madīnah died in it. At its beginning died ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, then ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr, then Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib, and Abū Bakr ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Ḥārith b. Hishām, and Saʿīd b. Jubayr from the people of Makkah. Biography of Saʿīd b. Jubayr, may God have mercy on him Saʿīd b. Jubayr al-Asadī al-Wālibī, their client, Abū Muḥammad—and it is said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh—the Kufan Makkan, one of the foremost companions of Ibn ʿAbbās. He was one of the imams of Islam in exegesis, jurisprudence, the various sciences, and abundant righteous deeds, may God have mercy on him. He saw a number of the Companions and transmitted from a group of them, and from him transmitted a host of the Successors. It is said that he used to recite the entire Qurʾān between sunset and nightfall. He would sit in the Kaʿbah for one sitting and recite the entire Qurʾān in it, and sometimes he recited it in a single rakʿah in the interior of the Kaʿbah. Ibn ʿAbbās said, when the people of al-Kūfah came to him asking him questions: Is not Saʿīd b. Jubayr among you? They differed about the age of Saʿīd b. Jubayr, may God have mercy on him, when he was killed. It is said his age was forty-nine years; it is said fifty-seven. God knows best. Abū al-Qāsim al-Lālakāʾī said: His killing was in the year ninety-five. Ibn Jarīr mentioned his killing in this year, the year ninety-four. God knows best.
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