Tarikh (al-Tabari) 238
The story of Moses the one who spoke with Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)
وَمِنْ مَا كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا روي عَنْ كَعْبٍ، قَالَ: إِنَّ الرَّبَّ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ لِمُوسَى: يَا مُوسَى إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْغِنَى مُقْبِلًا فَقُلْ: ذَنْبٌ عُجِّلَتْ عُقُوبَتُهُ، وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْفَقْرَ مُقْبِلًا فَقُلْ: مَرْحَبًا بِشِعَارِ الصَّالِحِينَ. يَا مُوسَى، إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَقْرُبَ عَلَيَّ بِعَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ الْبِرِّ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الرِّضَا بِقَضَائِي، وَلَنْ تَأْتِيَ بِعْمَلٍ أَحْبَطَ لِحَسَنَاتِكَ مِنَ الْبَطَرِ، وَإِيَّاكَ وَالتَّضَرُّعَ لِأَبْنَاءِ الدُّنْيَا، إِذَنْ أُعْرِضُ عَنْكَ، وَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَجُودَ بِدِينِكَ لِدُنْيَاهُمْ إِذِنْ آمُرُ أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِي أَنْ تُغْلَقَ دُونَكَ. ادْنِ الْفُقَرَاءَ، وَقَرِّبْ مَجْلِسَهُمْ مِنْكَ، وَلَا تَرْكَنْ إِلَى حُبِّ الدُّنْيَا، فَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تَلْقَانِي بِكَبِيرَةٍ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ أَضَرَّ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الرُّكُونِ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا. يَا مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ، قُلْ لِلْمُذْنِبِينَ النَّادِمِينَ: أَبْشِرُوا، وَقُلْ لِلْعَالِمِينَ الْمُعْجَبِينِ: اخْسَئُوا. قَالَ وَهْبُ بْنُ مُنَبِّهٍ: كَانَ مُوسَى إِذَا كَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُرَى النُّورُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، وَلَمْ يَتَعَرَّضْ لِلنِّسَاءِ مُذْ كَلَّمَهُ. وَقَدْ رَوَى أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدِرِيُّ قَالَ: افْتَخَرَ أَهْلُ الْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "السَّكِينَةُ وَالْوَقَارُ فِي أَهْلِ الْغَنَمِ، وَالْخُيَلَاءُ فِي أَهْلِ الْإِبِلِ" . وَقَالَ: "بُعِثَ مُوسَى وَهُوَ يَرْعَى غَنَمًا لِأَهْلِهِ، وَبُعِثْتُ وَأَنَا أَرْعَى غَنَمًا لِأَهْلِي بِجِيَادٍ". وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: قَالَ مُوسَى: يَا رَبِّ أَجِدُّ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً، خَيْرَ أُمَّةٍ أُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ، يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، رَبِّ اجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ: تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ: رَبِّ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً، هُمُ الْآخِرُونَ فِي الْخَلْقِ، السَّابِقُونَ فِي دُخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ، رَبِّ اجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ: تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ: رَبِّ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً، أَنَاجِيلُهُمْ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ، يَقْرَؤُونَهَا، وَكَانَ مَنْ قَبْلَهُمْ يَقْرَؤُونَ كِتَابَهُمْ نَظَرًا، حَتَّى إِذَا رَفَعُوهَا لَمْ يَحْفَظُوا شَيْئًا وَلَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَعْطَاكُمْ أَيَّتُهَا الْأُمَّةُ مِنَ الْحِفْظِ شَيْئًا، لَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْأُمَمِ. قَالَ: رَبِّ اجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ: تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ: رَبِّ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً، يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَابِ الْأَوَّلِ، وَبِالْكِتَابِ الْآخِرِ، وَيُقَاتِلُونَ فُضُولَ الضَّلَالَةِ، حَتَّى يُقَاتِلُوا الْأَعْوَرَ الْكَذَّابَ، فَاجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ: تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ: رَبِّ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً، صَدَقَاتُهُمْ يَأْكُلُونَهَا فِي بُطُونِهِمْ، وَيُؤْجَرُونَ عَلَيْهَا، وَكَانَ مَنْ قَبْلَهُمْ إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَقُبِلَتْ مِنْهُ بَعْثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا نَارًا فَأَكْلَتْهَا، وَإِنْ رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ تُرِكَتْ فَتَأْكُلُهَا السِّبَاعُ وَالطَّيْرُ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَخَذَ صَدَقَاتِكُمْ مِنْ غَنِيِّكُمْ لِفَقِيرِكُمْ قَالَ: رَبِّ فَاجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ: تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ: رَبِّ فَإِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً، إِذَا هَمَّ أَحَدُهُمْ بِحَسَنَةٍ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا، إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ، قَالَ: رَبِّ، اجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ: تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ: رَبِّ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ أُمَّةً هُمُ الْمُشَفَّعُونَ، الْمَشْفُوعُ لَهُمْ، فَاجْعَلْهُمْ أُمَّتِي. قَالَ تِلْكَ أُمَّةُ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ لَنَا قَتَادَةُ: فَذَكَرَ لَنَا أَنَّ مُوسَى، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، نَبَذَ الْأَلْوَاحَ وَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنْ أُمَّةِ أَحْمَدَ. قَالَ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمِ بْنِ حِبَّانَ فِي " صَحِيحِهِ ": ذِكْرُ سُؤَالِ كَلِيمِ اللَّهِ رَبَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْ أَدْنَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَرْفَعِهِمْ مَنْزِلَةً; وعن - شَيْخَانِ صَالِحَانِ - سَمِعْنَا الشَّعْبِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: إِنَّ مُوسَى، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: أَيُّ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ أَدْنَى مَنْزِلَةً؟ فَقَالَ: رَجُلٌ يَجِيءُ بَعْدَ مَا يَدْخُلُ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ الْجَنَّةَ، فَيُقَالُ: ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ. فَيَقُولُ: كَيْفَ أَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ وَقَدْ نَزَلَ النَّاسُ مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَأَخَذُوا أَخَذَاتِهِمْ. فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: تَرْضَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ لِمَلِكٍ مِنْ مُلُوكِ الدُّنْيَا؟ فَيَقُولُ: نَعَمْ أَيْ رَبِّ. فَيُقَالُ: لَكَ هَذَا، وَمِثْلُهُ، وَمِثْلُهُ. فَيَقُولُ: أَيْ رَبِّ، رَضِيتُ. فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ لَكَ هَذَا وَعَشَرَةَ أَمْثَالِهِ. فَيَقُولُ: أَيْ رَبِّ رَضِيتُ. فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: لَكَ مَعَ هَذَا مَا اشْتَهَتْ نَفْسُكَ، وَلَذَّتْ عَيْنُكَ. وَسَأَلَ رَبَّهُ: أَيُّ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ أَرْفَعُ مَنْزِلَةً؟ قَالَ: سَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْهُمْ، غَرَسْتُ كَرَامَتَهُمْ بِيَدِي، وَخَتَمْتُ عَلَيْهَا، فَلَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ وَمِصْدَاقُ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ الْآيَةَ. وَهَكَذَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ، كِلَاهُمَا عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَرَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، بِهِ، وَلَفْظُ مُسْلِمٍ: فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: أَتَرْضَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكَ مِثْلَ مُلْكِ مَلِكٍ مَنْ مُلُوكِ الدُّنْيَا؟ فَيَقُولُ: رَضِيتُ رَبِّ. فَيَقُولُ: لَكَ ذَلِكَ وَمِثْلُهُ وَمِثْلُهُ وَمِثْلُهُ وَمِثْلُهُ. فَيَقُولُ فِي الْخَامِسَةِ: رَضِيتُ رَبِّ. فَيَقُولُ: هَذَا لَكَ وَعَشَرَةُ أَمْثَالِهِ، وَلَكَ مَا اشْتَهَتْ نَفْسُكَ وَلَذَّتْ عَيْنُكَ. فَيَقُولُ: رَضِيتُ رَبِّ. قَالَ: رَبِّ، فَأَعْلَاهُمْ مَنْزِلَةً؟ قَالَ: أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ أَرَدْتُ غَرَسْتُ كَرَامَتَهُمْ بِيَدِي، وَخَتَمْتُ عَلَيْهَا، فَلَمْ تَرَ عَيْنٌ، وَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ أُذُنٌ، وَلَمْ يَخْطُرْ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ قَالَ: وَمِصْدَاقُهُ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. ذكر سؤال موسى ربه عن سبع خصال وَقَالَ ابْنُ حِبَّانِ: ذِكْرُ سُؤَالِ الْكَلِيمِ رَبَّهُ عَنْ خِصَالٍ سَبْعٍ فعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سَأَلَ مُوسَى رَبَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، عَنْ سِتِّ خِصَالٍ كَانَ يَظُنُّ أَنَّهَا لَهُ خَالِصَةٌ، وَالسَّابِعَةُ لَمْ يَكُنْ مُوسَى يُحِبُّهَا; قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ أَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَتْقَى؟ قَالَ: الَّذِي يَذْكُرُ وَلَا يَنْسَى. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَهْدَى؟ قَالَ الَّذِي يَتَّبِعُ الْهُدَى. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَحْكَمُ؟ قَالَ: الَّذِي يَحْكُمُ لِلنَّاسِ كَمَا يَحْكُمُ لِنَفْسِهِ. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَعْلَمُ؟ قَالَ: عَالِمٌ لَا يَشْبَعُ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ، يَجْمَعُ عِلْمَ النَّاسِ إِلَى عِلْمِهِ. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَعَزُّ؟ قَالَ: الَّذِي إِذَا قَدَرَ غَفَرَ. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَغْنَى؟ قَالَ: الَّذِي يَرْضَى بِمَا يُؤْتَى. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَفْقَرُ؟ قَالَ: صَاحِبٌ مَنْقُوصٌ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: لَيْسَ الْغِنَى عَنْ ظَهْرٍ، إِنَّمَا الْغِنَى غِنَى النَّفْسِ، وَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْرًا جَعَلَ غِنَاهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ، وَتُقَاهُ فِي قَلْبِهِ، وَإِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ شَرًّا جَعَلَ فَقْرَهُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ: قَوْلُهُ: صَاحِبٌ مَنْقُوصٌ. يُرِيدُ بِهِ مَنْقُوصَ حَالَتِهِ، يَسْتَقِلُّ مَا أُوتِيَ، وَيَطْلُبُ الْفَضْلَ. وعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلَ مُوسَى رَبَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ، وَفِيهِ: قَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ، فَأَيُّ عِبَادِكَ أَعْلَمُ؟ قَالَ: الَّذِي يَبْتَغِي عِلْمَ النَّاسِ إِلَى عِلْمِهِ، عَسَى أَنْ يُصِيبَ كَلِمَةً تَهْدِيهِ إِلَى هُدًى، أَوْ تَرُدُّهُ عَنْ رَدًى. قَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ، فَهَلْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَحَدٌ أَعْلَمُ مِنِّي؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، الْخَضِرُ. فَسَأَلَ السَّبِيلَ إِلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ: ذِكْرُ سُؤَالِ كَلِيمِ اللَّهِ رَبَّهُ، جَلَّ وَعَلَا، أَنْ يُعَلِّمَهُ شَيْئًا يَذْكُرُهُ بِهِ، وعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُوسَى: يَا رَبِّ عَلِّمْنِي شَيْئًا أَذْكُرُكَ بِهِ وَأَدْعُوكَ بِهِ. قَالَ: قُلْ يَا مُوسَى: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ كُلُّ عِبَادِكَ يَقُولُ هَذَا. قَالَ: قُلْ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. قَالَ: إِنَّمَا أُرِيدُ شَيْئًا تَخُصُّنِي بِهِ. قَالَ: يَا مُوسَى لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَالْأَرْضِينَ السَّبْعِ فِي كِفَّةٍ، وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فِي كِفَّةٍ مَالَتْ بِهِمْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ، عِنْدَ تَفْسِيرِ آيَةِ الْكُرْسِيِّ: عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالُوا لِمُوسَى: هَلْ يَنَامُ رَبُّكَ؟ قَالَ: اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ. فَنَادَاهُ رَبُّهُ: يَا مُوسَى سَأَلُوكَ هَلْ يَنَامُ رَبُّكَ، فَخُذْ زُجَاجَتَيْنِ فِي يَدَيْكَ فَقُمِ اللَّيْلَ، فَفَعَلَ مُوسَى، فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ثُلُثُ، نَعَسَ فَوَقَعَ لِرُكْبَتَيْهِ، ثُمَّ انْتَعَشَ، فَضَبَطَهُمَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ آخِرُ اللَّيْلِ نَعَسَ، فَسَقَطَتِ الزُّجَاجَتَانِ، فَانْكَسَرَتَا. فَقَالَ: يَا مُوسَى، لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَامُ، لَسَقَطَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ، فَهَلَكْنَ كَمَا هَلَكَتِ الزُّجَاجَتَانِ فِي يَدَيْكَ. قَالَ: وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَحْكِي عَنْ مُوسَى، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، قَالَ: وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِ مُوسَى، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، هَلْ يَنَامُ اللَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ؟ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ مَلَكًا، فَأَرَّقَهُ ثَلَاثًا، ثُمَّ أَعْطَاهُ قَارُورَتَيْنِ، فِي كُلِّ يَدِ قَارُورَةٌ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْتَفِظَ بِهِمَا، قَالَ: فَجَعَلَ يَنَامُ، وَكَادَتْ يَدَاهُ تَلْتَقِيَانِ فَيَسْتَيْقِظُ، فَيَحْبِسُ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَلَى الْأُخْرَى، حَتَّى نَامَ نَوْمَةً، فَاصْطَفَقَتْ يَدَاهُ، فَانْكَسَرَتِ الْقَارُورَتَانِ قَالَ: ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَثَلًا، أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ يَنَامُ، لَمْ تَسْتَمْسِكِ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ.
Translation
✧ And among that with which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, spoke to Moses (peace and blessings be upon him): What is narrated from Kaʿb, who said: The Lord, Mighty and Majestic, said to Moses: O Moses, when you see wealth coming, say: A sin whose punishment has been hastened. And when you see poverty coming, say: Welcome to the mark of the righteous. O Moses, you will never draw near to Me with any deed of righteousness better for you than contentment with My decree, and you will never bring a deed more nullifying of your good deeds than insolent arrogance. Beware of abasing yourself before the sons of this world, for then I would turn away from you. Beware of giving away your religion for their worldly goods, for then I would command the doors of My mercy to be shut before you. Draw near to the poor and bring their gatherings close to you, and do not incline to love of this world, for you will never meet Me with a major sin among major sins more harmful to you than inclining to this world. O Moses son of ʿImrān, say to the sinners who repent: Rejoice. And say to the scholars who are self-admiring: Be off. Wahb b. Munabbih said: When Allah, Mighty and Majestic, spoke to Moses, light would be seen on his face for three days, and he did not approach women from the time He spoke to him. Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī narrated, saying: The people of camels and the people of sheep boasted before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Tranquility and dignity are among the people of sheep, and pride is among the people of camels." And he said: "Moses was sent while he was shepherding sheep for his family, and I was sent while I was shepherding sheep for my family at Jiyād." And Qatādah said: Moses said: O Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation—the best nation brought forth for mankind—enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. Lord, make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. He said: Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation who are the last in creation, the first to enter Paradise. Lord, make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. He said: Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation whose Gospels are in their breasts, and they recite them, whereas those before them used to recite their book by looking, until when they raised it they did not retain anything nor did they know it. Indeed Allah has given you, O nation, of memorization something He has not given to any of the nations. He said: Lord, make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. He said: Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation who believe in the first Book and the last Book, and who fight the excesses of misguidance, until they fight the one-eyed liar. So make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. He said: Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation whose alms they eat in their bellies, and they are rewarded for them. Those before them, when one of them gave charity and it was accepted from him, Allah sent fire upon it and it consumed it; and if it was returned to him, it was left and the beasts and birds ate it. Indeed Allah has taken your alms from your rich for your poor. He said: Lord, so make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. He said: Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation: when one of them intends a good deed and then does not do it, a good deed is written for him; and if he does it, ten times the like of it is written for him, up to seven hundred fold. He said: Lord, make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. He said: Lord, I find in the Tablets a nation who are intercessors, and interceded for. So make them my nation. He said: That is the nation of Aḥmad. Qatādah said to us: So it was mentioned to us that Moses ﷺ cast down the Tablets and said: O Allah, make me one of the nation of Aḥmad. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū Ḥātim Muḥammad b. Ḥātim b. Ḥibbān said in his Ṣaḥīḥ: Mention of the question of the one who spoke with Allah to his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, about the lowest of the people of Paradise and the highest of them in station; and from—two righteous shaykhs—we heard al-Shaʿbī saying: I heard al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah saying on the pulpit, from the Prophet ﷺ: Moses ﷺ asked his Lord, Mighty and Majestic: Which of the people of Paradise is lowest in station? He said: A man who comes after the people of Paradise have entered Paradise, and it is said: Enter Paradise. He says: How can I enter Paradise when the people have taken their stations and taken their portions? It is said to him: Would you be content to have from Paradise the like of what a king of the kings of this world had? He says: Yes, O Lord. It is said: You have this, and its like, and its like. He says: O Lord, I am content. It is said: You have this and ten times its like. He says: O Lord, I am content. It is said to him: You have, along with this, whatever your soul desires and your eye delights in. And he asked his Lord: Which of the people of Paradise is highest in station? He said: I shall tell you about them. I planted their honor with My hand and sealed it, so no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no human heart has conceived. And its confirmation is in the Book of Allah, the Exalted: "No soul knows what has been hidden for them of comfort for their eyes"—the verse. And thus Muslim and al-Tirmidhī narrated it, both from Ibn Abī ʿUmar, from Sufyān—who is Ibn ʿUyaynah—with this chain, and Muslim's wording: It is said to him: Would you be content to have the like of the dominion of a king among the kings of this world? He says: I am content, Lord. He says: You have that, and its like, and its like, and its like, and its like. He says at the fifth: I am content, Lord. He says: This is for you and ten times its like, and you have whatever your soul desires and your eye delights in. He says: I am content, Lord. He said: Lord, and the highest of them in station? He said: Those are the ones I intended; I planted their honor with My hand and sealed it, so no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no human heart has conceived. He said: And its confirmation from the Book of Allah: "No soul knows what has been hidden for them of comfort for their eyes, as a reward for what they used to do." And al-Tirmidhī said: Ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ. Mention of Moses' question to his Lord about seven qualities. And Ibn Ḥibbān said: Mention of the question of the one who spoke with Allah to his Lord about seven qualities. From Abū Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ, that he said: Moses asked his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, about six qualities which he thought were his alone, and the seventh he did not love. He said: O Lord, which of Your servants is most pious? He said: The one who remembers and does not forget. He said: Which of Your servants is most guided? He said: The one who follows guidance. He said: Which of Your servants is most wise in judgment? He said: The one who judges for people as he judges for himself. He said: Which of Your servants is most knowledgeable? He said: A scholar who is never satiated with knowledge, who gathers the knowledge of people to his own knowledge. He said: Which of Your servants is most mighty? He said: The one who, when he has power, forgives. He said: Which of Your servants is richest? He said: The one who is content with what he is given. He said: Which of Your servants is poorest? He said: A possessor of deficiency. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Richness is not about abundance of worldly goods; rather, richness is richness of the soul. And when Allah wills good for a servant, He places his richness in his soul and his piety in his heart; and when He wills evil for a servant, He places his poverty before his eyes. Ibn Ḥibbān said: His saying "a possessor of deficiency"—he means by it one deficient in his state, who regards what he is given as little and seeks more. And from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Moses asked his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, and he mentioned something similar, and in it: He said: O Lord, which of Your servants is most knowledgeable? He said: The one who seeks the knowledge of people in addition to his own knowledge; perhaps he will come upon a word that guides him to guidance or turns him away from destruction. He said: O Lord, is there anyone on earth more knowledgeable than I? He said: Yes, al-Khaḍir. So he asked for the way to him. And Ibn Ḥibbān said: Mention of the question of the one who spoke with Allah to his Lord, Majestic and Exalted, that He teach him something by which he would remember Him. From Abū Saʿīd, from the Prophet ﷺ, that he said: Moses said: O Lord, teach me something by which I remember You and call upon You. He said: Say, O Moses: There is no god but Allah. He said: O Lord, all Your servants say this. He said: Say: There is no god but Allah. He said: I only want something You single me out for. He said: O Moses, if the people of the seven heavens and the seven earths were in one pan of a scale and "There is no god but Allah" in the other, "There is no god but Allah" would outweigh them. And Ibn Abī Ḥātim said, in the commentary on the Throne Verse: From Saʿīd b. Jubayr, from Ibn ʿAbbās, that the Children of Israel said to Moses: Does your Lord sleep? He said: Fear Allah. Then his Lord called him: O Moses, they asked you whether your Lord sleeps. Take two glass bottles in your hands and stand through the night. So Moses did. When a third of the night had passed, he dozed and fell to his knees, then recovered and held them firmly, until when it was the last part of the night, he dozed and the two glass bottles fell and broke. He said: O Moses, if I were to sleep, the heavens and the earth would fall and perish as the two glass bottles in your hands perished. He said: And Allah sent down to His Messenger the Throne Verse. And Ibn Jarīr said: From Abū Hurayrah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ relating from Moses ﷺ on the pulpit. He said: It occurred in the soul of Moses ﷺ: Does Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sleep? So Allah sent an angel to him, and kept him awake for three nights, then gave him two glass bottles, a bottle in each hand, and commanded him to keep them safe. He said: He began to doze, and his hands would almost come together, and he would wake up and hold one against the other, until he slept a sleep and his hands struck together and the two bottles broke. He said: Allah struck a parable for him: if He were to sleep, the heaven and the earth would not hold firm.
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