Dalil
العربية

Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2325

Then the Year Seventy-Five Began

غزو الصائفة ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ   فَفِيهَا غَزَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ - أَخُو عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، وَهُوَ وَالِدُ مَرْوَانَ الْحِمَارِ - صَائِفَةَ الرُّومِ حِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِ مَرْعَشٍ. تولية نيابة المدينة ليحيى بن الحكم بن أبي العاص وَفِيهَا وَلَّى عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ نِيَابَةَ الْمَدِينَةِ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ، وَهُوَ عَمُّهُ، وَعَزَلَ عَنْهَا الْحَجَّاجَ. تولية الحجاج الثقفي نيابة العراق وخطبته في أهل العراق وَفِيهَا وَلَّى عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ الْحَجَّاجَ بْنَ يُوسُفَ نِيَابَةَ الْعِرَاقِ ; الْبَصْرَةِ وَالْكُوفَةِ، وَمَا يَتْبَعُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْأَقَالِيمِ الْكِبَارِ، وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ أَخِيهِ بِشْرُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ، فَرَأَى عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَسُدُّ عَنْهُ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ غَيْرُ الْحَجَّاجِ ; لِسَطْوَتِهِ وَقَهْرِهِ وَقَسْوَتِهِ وَشَهَامَتِهِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ بِوِلَايَةِ الْعِرَاقِ، فَسَارَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَاكِبًا عَلَى النَّجَائِبِ، فَنَزَلَ قَرِيبَ الْكُوفَةِ فَاغْتَسَلَ وَاخْتَضَبَ، وَلَبِسَ ثِيَابَهُ، وَتَقَلَّدَ سَيْفَهُ، وَأَلْقَى عَذَبَةَ الْعِمَامَةَ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ، ثُمَّ سَارَ فَنَزَلَ دَارَ الْإِمَارَةِ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْجُمْعَةِ، وَقَدْ أَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ الْأَوَّلُ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ، فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ وَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَمْسَكَ عَنِ الْكَلَامِ طَوِيلًا، وَقَدْ شَخَصُوا إِلَيْهِ بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ، وَجَثَوْا عَلَى الرُّكَبِ، وَتَنَاوَلُوا الْحَصَى لِيَقْذِفُوهُ بِهَا، وَقَدْ كَانُوا حَصَبُوا الَّذِي كَانَ قَبْلَهُ، فَلَمَّا سَكَتَ أَبْهَتَهُمْ، وَأَحَبُّوا أَنْ يَسْمَعُوا كَلَامَهُ، فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ أَنْ قَالَ: يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ، يَا أَهْلَ الشِّقَاقِ، وَيَا أَهْلَ النِّفَاقِ وَمَسَاوِئِ الْأَخْلَاقِ، وَاللَّهِ إِنْ كَانَ أَمْرُكُمْ لَيَهُمُّنِي قَبْلَ أَنْ آتَى إِلَيْكُمْ، وَلَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنْ يَبْتَلِيَكُمْ بِي، فَأَجَابَ دَعْوَتِي، إِلَّا أَنِّي سِرْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ فَسَقَطَ مِنِّي سَوْطِي الَّذِي أُؤْذِيكُمْ بِهِ، فَاتَّخَذْتُ هَذَا مَكَانَهُ - وَأَشَارَ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ - ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَأَجُرَّنَّهُ فِيكُمْ جَرَّ الْمَرْأَةِ ذَيْلَهَا، وَلَأَفْعَلَنَّ بِكُمْ وَلَأَصْنَعَنَّ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا كَلَامَهُ جَعَلَ الْحَصَى يَتَسَاقَطُ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ دَخَلَ الْكُوفَةَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ ظُهْرًا، فَأَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ، وَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ وَهُوَ مُعْتَجِرٌ بِعِمَامَةٍ حَمْرَاءَ، مُتَلَثِّمٌ بِطَرَفِهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: عَلَيَّ بِالنَّاسِ. فَحَسِبَهُ النَّاسُ وَأَصْحَابَهُ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ، فَهَمُّوا بِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ قَامَ وَكَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ، وَقَالَ: أَنَا ابْنُ جَلَا وَطَلَّاعُ الثَّنَايَا مَتَى أَضَعُ الْعِمَامَةَ تَعْرِفُونِي ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَا وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَحْمِلُ الشَّرَّ بِحَمْلِهِ، وَأَحْذُوهُ بِنَعْلِهِ، وَأَجْزِيهِ بِمِثْلِهِ، وَإِنِّي لَأَرَى رُءُوسًا قَدْ أَيْنَعَتْ وَحَانَ قِطَافُهَا، وَإِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى الدِّمَاءِ تَتَرَقْرَقُ بَيْنَ الْعَمَائِمِ وَاللِّحَى: قَدْ شَمَّرَتْ عَنْ سَاقِهَا فَشَمِّرِي ثُمَّ أَنْشَدَ أَيْضًا: هَذَا أَوَانُ الشَّدِّ فَاشْتَدِّي زِيَمْ     قَدْ لَفَّهَا اللَّيْلُ بِسَوَّاقٍ حُطَمْ لَسْتُ بِرَاعِي إِبِلٍ وَلَا غَنَمْ     وَلَا بِجَزَّارٍ عَلَى ظَهْرِ وَضَمْ قَدْ لَفَّهَا اللَّيْلُ بِعَصْلَبِيٍّ     أَرْوَعَ خَرَّاجٍ مِنَ الدَّوِّيِّ مُهَاجِرٍ لَيْسَ بِأَعْرَابِيِّ ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنِّي يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ مَا أُغْمَزُ بِغِمَازٍ، وَلَا يُقَعْقَعُ لِي بِالشِّنَانِ، وَلَقَدْ فُرِرْتُ عَنْ ذَكَاءٍ، وَجَرَيْتُ إِلَى الْغَايَةِ الْقُصْوَى، وَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ مَرْوَانَ نَثَرَ كِنَانَتَهُ، ثُمَّ عَجَمَ عِيدَانَهَا عُودًا عُودًا، فَوَجَدَنِي أَمَرَّهَا عُودًا، وَأَصْلَبَهَا مَغْمِزًا، فَوَجَّهَنِي إِلَيْكُمْ، فَإِنَّكُمْ طَالَمَا أَوْضَعْتُمْ فِي أَوْدِيَةِ الْفِتَنِ، وَسَنَنْتُمْ سُنَنَ الْغَيِّ، أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَأَلْحُوَنَّكُمْ لَحْيَ الْعُودِ، وَلَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصْبَ السَّلَمَةِ، وَلَأَضْرِبَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبَ غَرَائِبِ الْإِبِلِ، إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أَعِدُ إِلَّا وَفَيْتُ، وَلَا أَخْلُقُ إِلَّا فَرَيْتُ، فَإِيَّايَ وَهَذِهِ الْجَمَاعَاتِ وَقِيلًا وَقَالًا، وَاللَّهِ لَتَسْتَقِيمُنَّ عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْحَقِّ، أَوْ لَأَدَعَنَّ لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ شُغْلًا فِي جَسَدِهِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَنْ وَجَدْتُ بَعْدَ ثَالِثَةٍ مِنْ بَعْثِ الْمُهَلَّبِ - يَعْنِي الَّذِينَ كَانُوا قَدْ رَجَعُوا عَنْهُ لَمَّا سَمِعُوا بِمَوْتِ بِشْرِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ - سَفَكْتُ دَمَهُ، وَانْتَهَبْتُ مَالَهُ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَدَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ، وَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ لَمَّا صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ وَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ تَحْتَهُ أَطَالَ السُّكُوتَ، حَتَّى إِنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ أَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ حَصًى وَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَحْصِبَهُ بِهَا، وَقَالَ: قَبَّحَهُ اللَّهُ، مَا أَعْيَاهُ وَأَذَمَّهُ. فَلَمَّا نَهَضَ الْحَجَّاجُ وَتَكَلَّمَ بِمَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ، جَعَلَ الْحَصَى يَتَنَاثَرُ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَهُوَ لَا يَشْعُرُ بِهِ ; لِمَا يَرَى مِنْ فَصَاحَتِهِ وَبَلَاغَتِهِ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ هَذِهِ: شَاهَتِ الْوُجُوهُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ ضَرَبَ مَثَلًا قَرْيَةً كَانَتْ آمِنَةً مُطْمَئِنَّةً يَأْتِيهَا رِزْقُهَا رَغَدًا مِنْ كُلِّ مَكَانٍ فَكَفَرَتْ بِأَنْعُمِ اللَّهِ فَأَذَاقَهَا اللَّهُ لِبَاسَ الْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ ( النَّحْلِ: 112 )، وَأَنْتُمْ أُولَئِكَ، فَاسْتَوْثِقُوا وَاسْتَقِيمُوا، فَوَاللَّهِ لَأُذِيقَنَّكُمُ الْهَوَانَ حَتَّى تَدِرُّوا، وَلَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصَبَ السَّلَمَةِ حَتَّى تَنْقَادُوا، وَأُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ لَتُقْبِلُنَّ عَلَى الْإِنْصَافِ، وَلَتَدَعُنَّ الْإِرْجَافَ وَكَانَ وَكَانَ، وَأَخْبَرَنِي فُلَانٌ عَنْ فُلَانٍ، وَالْخَبَرُ وَمَا الْخَبَرُ، أَوْ لَأَهْبُرَنَّكُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ هَبْرًا يَدَعُ النِّسَاءَ أَيَامَى، وَالْأَوْلَادَ يَتَامَى، حَتَّى تَمْشُوا السُّمَّهَى، وَتُقْلِعُوا عَنْ هَا وَهَا. فِي كَلَامٍ طَوِيلٍ بَلِيغٍ غَرِيبٍ، يَشْتَمِلُ عَلَى وَعِيدٍ شَدِيدٍ، لَيْسَ فِيهِ وَعْدٌ بِخَيْرٍ. مقتل عمير بن ضابئ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ سَمِعَ تَكْبِيرًا فِي السُّوقِ، فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ، يَا أَهْلَ الشِّقَاقِ وَالنِّفَاقِ وَمَسَاوِئِ الْأَخْلَاقِ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ تَكْبِيرًا فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ، لَيْسَ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ الَّذِي يُرَادُ بِهِ التَّرْغِيبُ، وَلَكِنَّهُ تَكْبِيرٌ يُرَادُ بِهِ التَّرْهِيبُ، وَقَدْ عَصَفَتْ عَجَاجَةٌ تَحْتَهَا قَصْفٌ، يَا بَنِي اللَّكِيعَةِ، وَعَبِيدَ الْعَصَا، وَأَبْنَاءَ الْإِمَاءِ وَالْأَيَامَى، أَلَا يَرْبَعُ كُلُّ رِجْلٍ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى ظَلْعِهِ، وَيُحْسِنُ حَقْنَ دَمِهِ، وَيُبَصِرُ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمِهِ، وَأُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ لَأُوشِكُ أَنْ أُوقِعَ بِكُمْ وَقْعَةً تَكُونُ نَكَالًا لِمَا قَبِلَهَا، وَأَدَبًا لِمَا بَعْدَهَا. فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَيْرُ بْنُ ضَابِئٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ ثُمَّ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، قَالَ: أَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ الْأَمِيرَ، أَنَا فِي هَذَا الْبَعْثِ، وَأَنَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَعَلِيلٌ، وَهَذَا ابْنِي هُوَ أَشِبُّ مِنِّي. قَالَ: وَمَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ: أَنَا عُمَيْرُ بْنُ ضَابِئٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ. قَالَ: أَسَمِعْتَ كَلَامَنَا بِالْأَمْسِ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: أَلَسْتَ الَّذِي غَزَا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: وَمَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: كَانَ حَبَسَ أَبِي وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا. قَالَ: أَوَلَيِسَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَقُولُ: هَمَمْتُ وَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ وَكِدْتُ وَلَيْتَنِي     فَعَلْتُ وَوَلَّيْتُ الْبُكَاءَ حَلَائِلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَجَّاجُ: إِنِّي لَأَحْسَبُ أَنَّ فِي قَتْلِكَ صَلَاحُ الْمِصْرَيْنِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: قُمْ إِلَيْهِ يَا حَرَسِيُّ فَاضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ. فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ، وَانْتَهَبَ مَالَهُ، وَأَمَرَ مُنَادِيًا فِي النَّاسِ: أَلَا إِنَّ عُمَيْرَ بْنَ ضَابِئٍ تَأَخَّرَ بَعْدَ سَمَاعِ النِّدَاءِ ثَلَاثًا، فَأُمِرَ بِقَتْلِهِ. قَالَ: فَخَرَجَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى ازْدَحَمُوا عَلَى الْجِسْرِ، فَعَبَرَ عَلَيْهِ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ مِنْ مَذْحِجٍ، وَخَرَجَتْ مَعَهُمُ الْعُرَفَاءُ حَتَّى وَصَلُوا بِهِمْ إِلَى الْمُهَلَّبِ، وَأَخَذُوا مِنْهُ كِتَابًا بِوُصُولِهِمْ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ الْمُهَلَّبُ: قَدِمَ الْعِرَاقَ وَاللَّهِ رَجُلٌ ذَكَرٌ، الْيَوْمَ قُوتِلَ الْعَدُوُّ. وَيُرْوَى أَنَّ الْحَجَّاجُ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ عُمَيْرَ بْنَ ضَابِئٍ حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ عَنْبَسَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ، إِنَّ هَذَا جَاءَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ وَقَدْ قُتِلَ فَلَطَمَ وَجْهَهُ، فَأَمَرَ الْحَجَّاجُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ بِقَتْلِهِ. تولية الحجاج لبعض نوابه على البصرة والكوفة وخراسان وَبَعَثَ الْحَجَّاجُ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ أَيُّوبَ الثَّقَفِيَّ نَائِبًا عَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ مِنْ جِهَتِهِ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَدَّ عَلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَأَقَرَّ عَلَى قَضَاءِ الْكُوفَةِ شُرَيْحًا، ثُمَّ رَكِبَ الْحَجَّاجُ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ أَبَا يَعْفُورَ، وَوَلَّى قَضَاءَ الْبَصْرَةِ لِزُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَوْفَى، ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ. وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ، وَأَقَرَّ عَمَّهُ يَحْيَى عَلَى نِيَابَةِ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَعَلَى بِلَادِ خُرَاسَانَ أُمَيَّةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ. خروج أهل البصرة على الحجاج وقتل عبد الله بن الجارود وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَثَبَ النَّاسُ بِالْبَصْرَةِ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا رَكِبَ مِنْ الْكُوفَةِ، بَعْدَ قَتْلِ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ ضَابِئٍ، وَقَامَ فِي أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ بِخُطْبَةٍ نَظِيرَ مَا قَامَ فِي أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ مِنَ الْوَعِيدِ الشَّدِيدِ وَالتَّهْدِيدِ الْأَكِيدِ، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي يَشْكُرَ، فَقِيلَ: هَذَا عَاصٍ. فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: إِنَّ بِي فَتْقًا، وَقَدْ عَذَرَنِي بِشْرُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ، وَهَذَا عَطَائِي مَرْدُودٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَالِ. فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ مِنْهُ وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ فَقُتِلَ، فَفَزِعَ أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ، وَخَرَجُوا مِنَ الْبَصْرَةِ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعُوا عِنْدَ قَنْطَرَةِ رَامَهُرْمُزَ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْجَارُودِ، وَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْحَجَّاجُ - وَذَلِكَ فِي شَعْبَانَ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ - فِي أُمَرَاءِ الْجَيْشِ مِنَ الْمِصْرَيْنِ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا هُنَاكَ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، فَهَزَمَهُمِ الْحَجَّاجُ، وَقَتَلَ أَمِيرَهُمْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْجَارُودِ فِي رُءُوسٍ مِنَ الْقَبَائِلِ مَعَهُ، وَأَمَرَ بِرُءُوسِهِمْ فَنُصِبَتْ عِنْدَ الْجِسْرِ مِنْ رَامْهُرْمُزَ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَى الْمُهَلَّبِ فَقَوِيَ بِذَلِكَ، وَضَعُفَ أَمَرُ الْخَوَارِجِ. بعث الحجاج إلى الخوارج الأزارقة ومقتل عبد الرحمن بن مخنف وَأَرْسَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ إِلَى الْمُهَلَّبِ، وَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مِخْنَفٍ فَأَمَرَهُمَا بِمُنَاهَضَةِ الْأَزَارِقَةِ، فَنَهَضَا بِمَنْ مَعَهُمَا إِلَى الْخَوَارِجِ الْأَزَارِقَةِ فَأَجْلَوْهُمْ عَنْ أَمَاكِنِهِمْ مِنْ رَامْهُرْمُزَ بِأَيْسَرِ قِتَالٍ، فَهَرَبُوا إِلَى أَرْضِ كَازَرُونَ مِنْ إِقْلِيمِ سَابُورَ، وَسَارَ النَّاسُ وَرَاءَهُمْ، فَالْتَقَوْا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْآخَرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ بَيَّتَ الْخَوَارِجُ الْمُهَلَّبَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، فَوَجَدُوهُ قَدْ تَحَصَّنَ بِخَنْدَقٍ حَوْلَ مُعَسْكَرِهِ، فَجَاءُوا إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مِخْنَفٍ فَوَجَدُوهُ غَيْرَ مُحْتَرِزٍ - وَكَانَ الْمُهَلَّبُ قَدْ أَمَرَهُ بِالِاحْتِرَازِ بِخَنْدَقٍ حَوْلَهُ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ - فَاقْتَتَلُوا فِي اللَّيْلِ، فَقَتَلَتِ الْخَوَارِجُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مِخْنَفٍ وَطَائِفَةً مِنْ جَيْشِهِ، وَهَزَمُوهُمْ هَزِيمَةً مُنْكَرَةً. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ الْخَوَارِجَ لَمَّا الْتَقَوْا مَعَ النَّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ الْوَقْعَةِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي يَوْمِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِعَشْرٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا لَمْ يُعْهَدْ مِثْلُهُ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ، وَحَمَلَتِ الْخَوَارِجُ عَلَى جَيْشِ الْمُهَلَّبِ، فَاضْطَرُّوهُ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ، فَجَعَلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مِخْنَفٍ يَمُدُّهُ بِالْخَيْلِ بَعْدَ الْخَيْلِ، وَالرِّجَالِ بَعْدَ الرِّجَالِ، فَمَالَتِ الْخَوَارِجُ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مِخْنَفٍ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا مَعَهُ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ، فَقُتِلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فِي أَثْنَاءِ اللَّيْلِ، وَقُتِلَ مَعَهُ طَائِفَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ الَّذِينَ ثَبَتُوا مَعَهُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ الصَّبَاحُ جَاءَ الْمُهَلَّبُ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَدَفَنَهُ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بِمَهْلِكِهِ، فَكَتَبَ الْحَجَّاجُ إِلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ يُعَزِيهِ فِيهِ، فَنَعَاهُ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ إِلَى النَّاسِ بِمِنًى، وَأَمَّرَ الْحَجَّاجُ مَكَانَهُ عَتَّابَ بْنَ وَرْقَاءَ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يُطِيعَ الْمُهَلَّبَ، فَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ يَجِدْ بُدًّا مِنْ طَاعَةِ الْحَجَّاجِ، وَلَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ مُخَالَفَتُهُ، فَسَارَ إِلَى الْمُهَلَّبِ فَجَعَلَ لَا يُطِيعُهُ إِلَّا ظَاهِرًا، وَيَعْصِيهِ كَثِيرًا، ثُمَّ تَقَاوَلَا، فَهَمَّ الْمُهَلَّبُ أَنْ يُوقِعَ بِعَتَّابٍ، ثُمَّ حَجَزَ بَيْنَهُمَا النَّاسُ، فَكَتَبَ عَتَّابُ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ يَشْكُو الْمُهَلَّبَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقَدَمَ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَعْفَاهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَجَعَلَ الْمُهَلَّبُ مَكَانَهُ ابْنَهُ حَبِيبَ بْنَ الْمُهَلَّبِ. خروج داود بن النعمان المازني بنواحي البصرة وَفِيهَا خَرَجَ دَاوُدُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ الْمَازِنِيُّ بِنَوَاحِي الْبَصْرَةِ، فَوَجَّهَ إِلَيْهِ الْحَجَّاجُ أَمِيرًا عَلَى سِرِّيَّةٍ فَقَتَلَهُ. خروج صالح بن مسرح وشبيب بن يزيد من الخوارج الصفرية قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ تَحَرَّكَ صَالِحُ بْنُ مُسَرِّحٍ أَحَدُ بَنِي امْرِئِ الْقَيْسِ، وَكَانَ يَرَى رَأْيَ الصُّفْرِيَّةِ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الصُّفْرِيَّةِ، وَكَانَ سَبَبَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ حَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَمَعَهُ شَبِيبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، وَ الْبَطِينُ، وَأَشْبَاهُهُمْ مِنْ رُءُوسِ الْخَوَارِجِ، وَاتَّفَقَ حَجُّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، فَهَمَّ شَبِيبٌ بِالْفَتْكِ بِهِ، فَبَلَغَ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ خَبَرِهِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بَعْدَ انْصِرَافِهِ مِنَ الْحَجِّ أَنَّ يَتَطَلَبَهُمْ، وَكَانَ صَالِحُ بْنُ مُسَرِّحٍ هَذَا يُكْثِرُ الدُّخُولَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ وَالْإِقَامَةَ بِهَا، وَكَانَ لَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ دَارَا وَأَهْلِ الْمَوْصِلِ يُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْقُرْآنَ وَيُفَقِّهُهُمْ، وَيَقُصُّ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَكَانَ مُصْفَرًّا كَثِيرَ الْعِبَادَةِ، وَكَانَ إِذَا قَصَّ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَيُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ، وَيُصَلِّي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ بِالزُّهْدِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَالرَّغْبَةِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَيَحُثُّ عَلَى ذِكْرِ الْمَوْتِ، ثُمَّ يَتَرَحَّمُ عَلَى الشَّيْخَيْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ، وَيُثْنِي عَلَيْهِمَا ثَنَاءً حَسَنًا، وَلَكِنْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يَذْكُرُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ فَيَسُبُّهُ وَيَنَالُ مِنْهُ، وَيُنْكِرُ عَلَيْهِ أَشْيَاءَ مِنْ جِنْسِ مَا كَانَ يُنْكِرُ عَلَيْهِ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا عَلَيْهِ وَقَتَلُوهُ مِنْ فَجَرَةِ أَهْلِ الْأَمْصَارِ، ثُمَّ يَحُضُّ أَصْحَابَهُ عَلَى الْخُرُوجِ مَعَ الْخَوَارِجِ لِلْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلِإِنْكَارِ الْمُنْكَرِ الَّذِي قَدْ شَاعَ فِي النَّاسِ وَذَاعَ، وَيُهَوِّنُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَتْلَ، وَيَذُمُّ الدُّنْيَا وَأَمْرَهَا وَيُصَغِّرُهَا، فَالْتَفَّ عَلَيْهِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ شَبِيبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْخَارِجِيُّ يَسْتَبْطِئُهُ فِي الْخُرُوجِ، وَيَحُثُّهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَيَنْدُبُهُ إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَدِمَ شَبِيبٌ عَلَى صَالِحٍ وَهُوَ بِدَارَا، فَتَوَاعَدُوا وَتُوَافَقُوا عَلَى الْخُرُوجِ فِي مُسْتَهَلِّ صَفَرٍ مِنَ السَّنَةِ الْآتِيَةِ - وَهِيَ سَنَةُ سِتٍّ وَسَبْعِينَ - وَقَدِمَ عَلَى صَالِحٍ شَبِيبٌ، وَأَخُوهُ مُصَادٌ، وَالْمُحَلَّلُ، وَالْفَضْلُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، فَاجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْأَبْطَالِ وَهُوَ بِدَارَا نَحْوُ مِائَةٍ وَعَشَرَةِ أَنْفُسٍ، ثُمَّ وَثَبُوا عَلَى خَيْلٍ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، فَأَخَذُوهَا وَتَقْوَوْا بِهَا، ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَرِهِمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مَا سَنَذْكُرُهُ فِي الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. ذِكْرُ وِلَايَةِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ السِّنْدَ وَقَتْلِهِ   فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ عَلَى السِّنْدِ سَعِيدَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ بْنِ زُرْعَةَ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَمُحَمَّدٌ ابْنَا الْحَارِثِ الْعِلَاقِيَّانِ فَقَتَلَاهُ، وَغَلَبَا عَلَى الْبِلَادِ، فَأَرْسَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ مُجَّاعَةَ بْنَ سِعْرٍ التَّمِيمِيَّ إِلَى السِّنْدِ، فَغَلَبَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الثَّغْرِ، وَغَزَا وَفَتَحَ أَمَاكِنَ مِنْ قَنْدَابِيلَ، وَمَاتَ مُجَّاعَةُ بَعْدَ سَنَةٍ بِمُكْرَانَ، فَقِيلَ فِيهِ: مَا مِنْ مَشَاهِدِكَ الَّتِي شَاهَدْتَهَا     إِلَّا يَزِيدُكَ ذِكْرُهَا مُجَّاعَا ذِكْرُ شِيرَ زَنْجِي وَالزَّنْجِ مَعَهُ   اجْتَمَعَ الزَّنْجُ بِفُرَاتِ الْبَصْرَةِ فِي آخِرِ أَيَّامِ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَلَمْ يَكُونُوا بِالْكَثِيرِ، فَأَفْسَدُوا وَتَنَاوَلُوا الثِّمَارَ، وَوَلِيَ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَصْرَةَ وَقَدْ كَثُرُوا، فَشَكَا النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ مَا نَالَهُمْ مِنْهُمْ، فَجَمَعَ لَهُمْ جَيْشًا، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُمْ ذَلِكَ تَفَرَّقُوا، وَأَخَذَ بَعْضَهُمْ فَقَتَلَهُمْ وَصَلَبَهُمْ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ ابْنِ الْجَارُودِ مَا ذَكَرْنَا خَرَجَ الزَّنْجُ أَيْضًا، فَاجْتَمَعَ مِنْهُمْ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ بِالْفُرَاتِ، وَجَعَلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ رَجُلًا اسْمُهُ رَبَاحٌ، وَيُلَقَّبُ شِيرَ زَنْجِي، يَعْنِي أَسَدَ الزَّنْجِ، فَأَفْسَدُوا، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ الْحَجَّاجُ مِنَ ابْنِ الْجَارُودِ أَمَرَ زِيَادَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، وَهُوَ عَلَى شُرْطَةِ الْبَصْرَةِ، أَنْ يُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ جَيْشًا يُقَاتِلُهُمْ، فَفَعَلَ وَسَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِمْ جَيْشًا عَلَيْهِ ابْنُهُ حَفْصُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ، فَقَتَلُوهُ وَهَزَمُوا أَصْحَابَهُ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ جَيْشًا آخَرَ، فَهَزَمَ الزَّنْجَ وَقَتَلَهُمْ، وَاسْتَقَامَتِ الْبَصْرَةُ. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ وَفِيهَا غَزَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ الصَّائِفَةَ عِنْدَ خُرُوجِ الرُّومِ إِلَى الْعُمْقِ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ مَرْعَشٍ. وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ، فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، فَقَالَ بَعْدَ حَمْدِ اللَّهِ وَالثَّنَاءِ عَلَيْهِ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنِّي لَسْتُ بِالْخَلِيفَةِ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ، يَعْنِي عُثْمَانَ، وَلَا بِالْخَلِيفَةِ الْمُدَاهِنِ، يَعْنِي مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَلَا بِالْخَلِيفَةِ الْمَأْفُونِ، يَعْنِي يَزِيدَ، أَلَا وَإِنِّي لَا أُدَاوِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ إِلَّا بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى تَسْتَقِيمَ لِي قَنَاتُكُمْ، وَإِنَّكُمْ تُحَفِّظُونَنَا أَعْمَالَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَلَا تَعْمَلُونَ مِثْلَ أَعْمَالِهِمْ، وَإِنَّكُمْ تَأْمُرُونَنَا بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَتَنْسَوْنَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ، وَاللَّهِ لَا يَأْمُرُنِي أَحَدٌ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ بَعْدَ مَقَامِي هَذَا إِلَّا ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ. ثُمَّ نَزَلَ.

Translation

✧ The Summer Expedition Then the Year Seventy-Five Began In it Muḥammad b. Marwān — the brother of ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān, and he is the father of Marwān al-Ḥimār — raided the Byzantine summer expedition when they came out from near Marʿash. Appointment of the Vicegerency of Madinah to Yaḥyā b. al-Ḥakam b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ In it ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān appointed the vicegerency of Madinah to Yaḥyā b. al-Ḥakam b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ, who was his paternal uncle, and dismissed al-Ḥajjāj from it. Appointment of al-Ḥajjāj al-Thaqafī to the Vicegerency of Iraq and His Speech to the People of Iraq In it ʿAbd al-Malik appointed al-Ḥajjāj b. Yūsuf to the vicegerency of Iraq: Baṣrah and Kūfah, and the great provinces that follow from that, after the death of his brother Bishr b. Marwān. ʿAbd al-Malik saw that no one but al-Ḥajjāj would protect him from the people of Iraq, because of his might, his coercion, his harshness, and his vigor. So he wrote to him while he was in Madinah appointing him to the governorship of Iraq. He traveled from Madinah to Iraq with twelve riders on swift camels. He alighted near Kūfah, performed the major ablution, dyed his hair, put on his clothes, girded his sword, and threw the tail of his turban between his shoulders. Then he went and alighted at the governor's residence, on a Friday, after the first caller to prayer had called the adhān. He went out to them while they did not know, ascended the pulpit and sat on it. He withheld speech for a long time, while they stared at him with their eyes and knelt on their knees, and they took up pebbles to pelt him with — for they had pelted the one before him. When he remained silent, he bewildered them, and they wanted to hear his speech. The first thing he said was: "O people of Iraq, O people of discord, O people of hypocrisy and evil character! By God, your affair was concerning me before I came to you, and I had been supplicating God to afflict you with me, and He answered my supplication. Except that last night I was traveling and my whip with which I punish you fell from me, so I have taken this in its place" — and he pointed to his sword. Then he said: "By God, I will drag it among you as a woman drags her hem, and I will do to you and I will deal with you." When they heard his speech, the pebbles began to fall from their hands. It is said that he entered Kūfah in the month of Ramaḍān of this year at noon, came to the mosque, and ascended the pulpit wearing a red turban, his face veiled with one end of it. Then he said: "Bring me the people." The people and his companions thought he was one of the Khārijites, and they almost attacked him. When the people had gathered, he stood, uncovered his face, and said: I am the son of Jalā and the climber of the mountain passes; when I lay aside the turban, you will know me. Then he said: "By God, I carry evil with its burden, I shoe it with its sandal, and I repay it with its like. I see heads that have ripened and whose harvest has come, and I look at blood glistening between the turbans and the beards: She has bared her shank, so bare yours." Then he also recited: This is the time of tightening, so tighten, Ziyam; the night has wrapped her with a rough driver; I am no camel-herd nor shepherd, nor a butcher on the back of Waḍam; The night has wrapped her with a tough man — a bold, far-traveling one from the desert, a Muhājir, not a Bedouin. Then he said: "O people of Iraq, I am not one to be squeezed with a squeeze, nor do pebbles rattle for me in a leather bucket. I have been tested for intelligence, and I have run to the farthest goal. The Commander of the Faithful ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān emptied his quiver, then bit its shafts one by one, and found me the bitterest of them as a shaft and the hardest as a grip, and he sent me to you. You have long sped through the valleys of dissension and followed the paths of error. By God, I will strip you as a branch is stripped, I will bind you as the salmah tree is bound, and I will strike you as strange camels are struck. By God, I do not promise except that I fulfill, and I do not cut except that I shred. Beware of me and these gatherings and 'it was said and he said.' By God, you will straighten upon the path of truth, or I will leave for every man among you an occupation in his body." Then he said: "Whoever I find after the third call of al-Muhallab's expedition — meaning those who had turned back from him when they heard of the death of Bishr b. Marwān, as previously mentioned — I will shed his blood and plunder his wealth." Then he descended and entered his residence, and added nothing more. It is said that when he ascended the pulpit and the people gathered beneath him, he prolonged the silence, so much so that Muḥammad b. ʿUmayr took a handful of pebbles and wanted to pelt him with them, and said: "May God make him ugly! How feeble and contemptible he is!" When al-Ḥajjāj rose and spoke as he spoke, the pebbles began to fall from his hand while he was unaware of it, because of the eloquence and rhetoric he saw. It is said that al-Ḥajjāj said in this sermon: "Ugly be the faces! God has struck a parable: a town that was secure and tranquil, its provision coming to it abundantly from every place, but it disbelieved in God's favors, so God made it taste the garment of hunger and fear because of what they used to do (al-Naḥl: 112). You are those people. So restrain yourselves and be upright. By God, I will make you taste humiliation until you yield, and I will bind you as the salmah tree is bound until you submit. I swear by God, you will turn to justice and abandon rumors and 'it was and it was,' and 'so-and-so informed me from so-and-so,' and 'the report — what is the report?' Or I will cut you with the sword with a cutting that leaves women widowed and children orphaned, until you walk in submission and cease from 'ha and ha.'" — in long, eloquent, strange speech containing severe threats, with no promise of good. The Killing of ʿUmayr b. Ḍābiʾ On the third day he heard a takbīr in the market, so he went out and sat on the pulpit and said: "O people of Iraq, O people of discord, hypocrisy, and evil character! I heard a takbīr in the markets — not the takbīr intended for encouragement, but a takbīr intended for intimidation. A dust cloud has stirred beneath which is thunder. O sons of a vile woman, slaves of the staff, and sons of slave-women and widows! Will not every man among you keep to his own lameness, guard his own blood, and watch where he steps? I swear by God, I am about to inflict upon you a blow that will be an exemplary punishment for what came before it and a lesson for what comes after it." Then ʿUmayr b. Ḍābiʾ al-Tamīmī, then al-Ḥanẓalī, stood and said: "May God keep the emir righteous. I am in this expedition, but I am an old, ill man, and this son of mine is more vigorous than I." He said: "Who are you?" He said: "I am ʿUmayr b. Ḍābiʾ al-Tamīmī." He said: "Did you hear our speech yesterday?" He said: "Yes." He said: "Are you not the one who attacked ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān?" He said: "Yes." He said: "What drove you to that?" He said: "He had imprisoned my father, who was a very old man." He said: "Is he not the one who says: I intended and did not do, and I almost did — and would that I had done and turned the weeping over to his wives. Then al-Ḥajjāj said: "I think that in your killing lies the good of the two cities." Then he said: "Rise to him, O guard, and strike his neck." A man rose to him and struck his neck, and his wealth was plundered. He ordered a crier among the people: "ʿUmayr b. Ḍābiʾ delayed after hearing the call three times, so he was ordered killed." He said: The people went out until they crowded on the bridge, and four thousand from Madhḥij crossed over it in a single hour. The ʿurafāʾ went out with them until they delivered them to al-Muhallab, and they took from him a letter confirming their arrival to him. Al-Muhallab said: "By God, a real man has come to Iraq. Today the enemy will be fought." It is narrated that al-Ḥajjāj did not recognize ʿUmayr b. Ḍābiʾ until ʿAnbasah b. Saʿīd said to him: "O emir, this man came to ʿUthmān after he had been killed and slapped his face." So al-Ḥajjāj at that point ordered him killed. Al-Ḥajjāj's Appointment of Some of His Deputies over Baṣrah, Kūfah, and Khurāsān Al-Ḥajjāj sent al-Ḥakam b. Ayyūb al-Thaqafī as deputy over Baṣrah on his behalf, and ordered him to be harsh on Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh. He confirmed Shurayḥ over the judiciary of Kūfah. Then al-Ḥajjāj rode to Baṣrah and left Abū Yaʿfūr as his deputy over Kūfah, and appointed Zurārah b. Awfā over the judiciary of Baṣrah. Then he returned to Kūfah. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān led the people in the pilgrimage this year, and confirmed his paternal uncle Yaḥyā over the vicegerency of Madinah, and over the lands of Khurāsān Umayyah b. ʿAbd Allāh. The People of Baṣrah Rise against al-Ḥajjāj and the Killing of ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Jārūd In this year the people of Baṣrah rose against al-Ḥajjāj. That is because when he rode from Kūfah, after the killing of ʿUmayr b. Ḍābiʾ, he stood before the people of Baṣrah and delivered a sermon like the one he had delivered to the people of Kūfah, with severe threats and emphatic warnings. Then a man from Banū Yashkur was brought, and it was said: "This man is disobedient." The man said: "I have a rupture, and Bishr b. Marwān had excused me, and this is my stipend returned to the treasury." He did not accept it from him, and ordered him killed, so he was killed. The people of Baṣrah were terrified and left Baṣrah until they gathered at the bridge of Rāmhurmuz, with ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Jārūd over them. Al-Ḥajjāj went out to them — that was in Shaʿbān of this year — with the commanders of the army from the two cities. They fought a fierce battle there, and al-Ḥajjāj routed them and killed their leader ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Jārūd along with chiefs of the tribes. He ordered their heads to be set up at the bridge of Rāmhurmuz. Then he sent them to al-Muhallab, and he was strengthened by that, and the affair of the Khārijites was weakened. Al-Ḥajjāj Sends against the Azāriqah Khārijites and the Killing of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mikhnaf Al-Ḥajjāj sent to al-Muhallab and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mikhnaf and ordered them to engage the Azāriqah. They advanced with those with them against the Azāriqah Khārijites and expelled them from their positions at Rāmhurmuz with minimal fighting. They fled to the land of Kāzarūn in the province of Sābūr. The people marched after them, and they met in the last ten days of Ramaḍān. When night came, the Khārijites attacked al-Muhallab by night, but found that he had fortified himself with a trench around his camp. They went to ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mikhnaf and found him unprepared — al-Muhallab had ordered him to fortify himself with a trench around him, but he did not do so. They fought at night, and the Khārijites killed ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mikhnaf and a group of his army, and routed them with a disgraceful defeat. It is said that when the Khārijites met the people in this battle, it was on Wednesday, with ten days remaining of Ramaḍān. They fought a fierce battle the like of which had not been known from the Khārijites. The Khārijites charged al-Muhallab's army and forced him back to his camp. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mikhnaf kept reinforcing him with horse after horse and men after men. The Khārijites turned to the camp of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mikhnaf after the afternoon prayer and fought him until night. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān was killed during the night, and with him a large group of his companions who stood firm with him. When morning came, al-Muhallab came, prayed over him, and buried him. He wrote to al-Ḥajjāj about his death, and al-Ḥajjāj wrote to ʿAbd al-Malik consoling him. ʿAbd al-Malik announced his death to the people at Minā. Al-Ḥajjāj appointed ʿAttāb b. Warqāʾ in his place, and wrote to him to obey al-Muhallab. He disliked that, but found no alternative to obeying al-Ḥajjāj, and could not oppose him, so he went to al-Muhallab and obeyed him only outwardly while disobeying him often. Then they exchanged words, and al-Muhallab was about to attack ʿAttāb, but the people intervened between them. ʿAttāb wrote to al-Ḥajjāj complaining about al-Muhallab, and he wrote to him to come to him, and excused him from that. Al-Muhallab put his son Ḥabīb b. al-Muhallab in his place. The Rising of Dāwūd b. al-Nuʿmān al-Māzinī in the Outskirts of Baṣrah In it Dāwūd b. al-Nuʿmān al-Māzinī rose in the outskirts of Baṣrah. Al-Ḥajjāj sent an emir over a raiding party against him, and he killed him. The Rising of Ṣāliḥ b. Musarriḥ and Shabīb b. Yazīd, of the Ṣufrī Khārijites Ibn Jarīr said: In this year Ṣāliḥ b. Musarriḥ, one of the Banū Imriʾ al-Qays, became active. He held the view of the Ṣufriyyah, and it is said that he was the first to rise from the Ṣufriyyah. The reason was that he led the people in the pilgrimage this year, and with him were Shabīb b. Yazīd, al-Baṭīn, and their likes from the chiefs of the Khārijites. The pilgrimage of the Commander of the Faithful ʿAbd al-Malik coincided with that, and Shabīb considered assassinating him. News of that reached ʿAbd al-Malik, and after returning from the pilgrimage he wrote to al-Ḥajjāj to search for them. This Ṣāliḥ b. Musarriḥ used to enter Kūfah frequently and reside there. He had a group from the people of Dārā and the people of Mosul whom he taught the Qurʾān, instructed in jurisprudence, and related stories to. He was pale and very devout. When he related stories, he would praise God, extol Him, and invoke blessings upon the Messenger of God ﷺ. Then he would enjoin renunciation of this world and desire for the Hereafter, urge remembrance of death, then ask mercy for the two shaykhs Abū Bakr and ʿUmar and praise them with good praise. But after that he would mention ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān ؓ and revile and disparage him, and denounce things of the same kind as those denounced by the wicked people of the garrison towns who rebelled against him and killed him. Then he would incite his companions to rise with the Khārijites for commanding right and forbidding the wrong that had spread among the people, make light of death for them, and disparage this world and its affair and belittle it. A group of people gathered around him. Shabīb b. Yazīd al-Khārijī wrote to him urging him not to delay the rising, inciting him and calling him to it. Then Shabīb came to Ṣāliḥ while he was at Dārā, and they promised and agreed to rise at the beginning of Ṣafar of the coming year — that is the year seventy-six. Shabīb, his brother Muṣād, al-Muḥallal, and al-Faḍl b. ʿĀmir came to Ṣāliḥ, and about one hundred and ten heroes gathered with him at Dārā. Then they seized horses belonging to Muḥammad b. Marwān and took them and strengthened themselves with them. Then their affair after that was as we will mention in the following year, if God Almighty wills. Mention of the Governorship of Saʿīd b. Aslam over Sind and His Killing In this year ʿAbd al-Malik appointed Saʿīd b. Aslam b. Zurʿah over Sind. Muʿāwiyah and Muḥammad, the two sons of al-Ḥārith al-ʿIlāqī, rose against him and killed him, and seized the land. Al-Ḥajjāj sent Mujjāʿah b. Siʿr al-Tamīmī to Sind, and he took control of that frontier, raided, and conquered places in Qandābīl. Mujjāʿah died after a year in Mukrān, and it was said of him: None of the scenes you witnessed but their mention increases Mujjāʿah's fame. Mention of Shīr Zanjī and the Zanj with Him The Zanj gathered at the Euphrates of al-Baṣrah in the last days of Muṣʿab b. al-Zubayr, and they were not numerous. They caused corruption and took fruits. Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Khālid governed al-Baṣrah when they had become numerous. The people complained to him about what they had suffered from them. He assembled an army against them. When that reached them, they dispersed, and he captured some of them, killed them, and crucified them. When the affair of Ibn al-Jārūd happened as we mentioned, the Zanj also revolted. A great multitude of them gathered at the Euphrates, and they appointed over themselves a man named Rabāḥ, nicknamed Shīr Zanjī, meaning “Lion of the Zanj.” They caused corruption. When al-Ḥajjāj finished with Ibn al-Jārūd, he ordered Ziyād b. ʿAmr, who was over the shurṭah of al-Baṣrah, to send an army against them to fight them. He did so and dispatched an army against them under his son Ḥafṣ b. Ziyād. He fought them, but they killed him and defeated his companions. Then he sent another army against them, which defeated the Zanj and killed them, and al-Baṣrah became orderly. Mention of Several Events In this year Muḥammad b. Marwān raided the summer expedition when the Byzantines came out to al-ʿUmq from the direction of Marʿash. ʿAbd al-Malik led the people in the pilgrimage. He delivered a sermon to the people in al-Madīnah. After praising and extolling God, he said: “Now then, I am not the weak caliph—meaning ʿUthmān—nor the flattering caliph—meaning Muʿāwiyah—nor the weak-minded caliph—meaning Yazīd. Indeed, I will not treat this community except with the sword until your obedience becomes straight to me. You make us memorize the deeds of the first Emigrants, but you do not act like their deeds. You command us to fear God, but you forget that for yourselves. By God, no one shall command me to fear God after this station of mine except that I strike his neck.” Then he descended.

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