Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2222
The Year 62 AH
وَفْدِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى الشَّامِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسِتِّينَ فَمِنَ الْحَوَادِثِ فِيهَا مَقْدَمُ وَفْدِ الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى يَزِيدَ وَمُبَايَعَتُهُمْ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ حَنْظَلَةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ يَزِيدُ عَزَلَ عَنِ الْحِجَازِ عَمْرَو بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ، وَوَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ احْتَاطَ عَلَى الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْحَوَاصِلِ وَالْأَمْلَاكِ، وَأَخَذَ الْعَبِيدَ الَّذِينَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ فَحَبَسَهُمْ، وَكَانُوا نَحْوًا مِنْ ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ عَبْدٍ، فَتَجَهَّزَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سَعِيدٍ إِلَى يَزِيدَ فَرَكِبَ وَبَعَثَ إِلَى عَبِيدِهِ أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنَ السَّجْنِ وَيَلْحَقُوا بِهِ، وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ إِبِلًا يَرْكَبُونَهَا، فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ، فَمَا لَحِقُوهُ حَتَّى وَصَلَ إِلَى يَزِيدَ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَكْرَمَهُ وَاحْتَرَمَهُ وَرَحَّبَ بِهِ يَزِيدُ، وَأَدْنَى مَجْلِسَهُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ عَاتَبَهُ فِي تَقْصِيرِهِ فِي شَأْنِ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، الشَّاهِدُ يَرَى مَا لَا يَرَى الْغَائِبُ، وَإِنَّ جُلَّ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَالْحِجَازِ مَالَئُوهُ عَلَيْنَا وَأَحَبُّوهُ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِي جُنْدٌ أَقْوَى بِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ لَوْ نَاهَضْتُهُ، وَقَدْ كَانَ يَحْذَرُنِي وَيَحْتَرِسُ مِنِّي، وَكُنْتُ أَرْفُقُ بِهِ كَثِيرًا، وَأُدَارِيهِ لِأَسْتَمْكِنَ مِنْهُ فَأَثِبُ عَلَيْهِ، مَعَ أَنِّي قَدْ ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنَعْتُهُ مِنْ أَشْيَاءَ كَثِيرَةٍ، وَجَعَلْتُ عَلَى مَكَّةَ وَطُرُقِهَا وَشِعَابِهَا رِجَالًا لَا يَدَعُونَ أَحَدًا يَدْخُلُهَا حَتَّى يَكْتُبُوا إِلَيَّ اسْمَهُ وَاسْمَ أَبِيهِ، وَمِنْ أَيِّ بِلَادِ اللَّهِ هُوَ وَمَا جَاءَ لَهُ، وَمَاذَا يُرِيدُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ أَوْ مِمَّنْ أَرَى أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُهُ رَدَدْتُهُ صَاغِرًا، وَإِلَّا خَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ، وَقَدْ وَلَّيْتَ الْوَلِيدَ، وَسَيَأْتِيكَ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ وَأَمْرِهِ مَا لَعَلَّكَ تَعْرِفُ بِهِ فَضْلَ مُبَالَغَتِي فِي أَمْرِكَ وَمُنَاصَحَتِي لَكَ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، وَاللَّهُ يَصْنَعُ لَكَ وَيَكْبِتُ عَدُوَّكَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ يَزِيدُ: أَنْتَ أَصْدَقُ مِمَّنْ رَمَاكَ وَحَمَلَنِي عَلَيْكَ، وَأَنْتَ مِمَّنْ أَثِقُ بِهِ وَأَرْجُو مَعُونَتَهُ وَأَدَّخِرُهُ لِرَأْبِ الصَّدْعِ، وَكِفَايَةِ الْمُهِمِّ وَكَشْفِ نَوَازِلِ الْأُمُورِ الْعِظَامِ. فِي كَلَامٍ طَوِيلٍ. وَأَمَّا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ فَإِنَّهُ أَقَامَ بِالْحِجَازِ وَقَدْ هَمَّ مِرَارًا أَنْ يَبْطِشَ بِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ فَلَا يَجِدُهُ إِلَّا مُحْتَرِزًا مُمْتَنِعًا، وَثَارَ نَجْدَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ النَّخَعِيُّ بِالْيَمَامَةِ حِينَ قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ، وَثَارَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ بِالْحِجَازِ، وَكَانَ الْوَلِيدُ يُفِيضُ مِنَ الْمُعَرَّفِ وَيُفِيضُ مَعَهُ سَائِرُ النَّاسِ، وَابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَاقِفٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، وَنَجْدَةُ وَاقِفٌ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، ثُمَّ يُفِيضُ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ بِأَصْحَابِهِ وَنَجْدَةُ بِأَصْحَابِهِ، وَكَانَ نَجْدَةُ يَلْقَى ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَيُكْثِرُ، حَتَّى ظَنَّ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ أَنَّهُ سَيُبَايِعُهُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ عَمِلَ بِالْمَكْرِ فِي أَمْرِ الْوَلِيدِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى يَزِيدَ: إِنَّكَ بَعَثْتَ إِلَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَخْرَقَ لَا يَتَّجِهُ لِرُشْدٍ وَلَا يَرْعَوِي لِعِظَةِ الْحَكِيمِ، فَلَوْ بَعَثْتَ رَجُلًا سَهْلَ الْخُلُقِ رَجَوْتُ أَنْ يَسْهُلَ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ مَا اسْتَوْعَرَ مِنْهَا، وَأَنْ يَجْتَمِعَ مَا تَفَرَّقَ. فَعَزَلَ يَزِيدُ الْوَلِيدَ وَوَلَّى عُثْمَانَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانٍ، وَهُوَ فَتًى غِرٌّ حَدَثٌ لَمْ يُجَرِّبِ الْأُمُورَ وَلَمْ يُحَنِّكْهُ السِّنُّ، لَا يَكَادُ يَنْظُرُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا عَمَلِهِ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَى يَزِيدَ وَفْدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فِيهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ غَسِيلِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، وَالْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَرِجَالًا كَثِيرًا مِنْ أَشْرَافِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَقَدِمُوا عَلَى يَزِيدَ، فَأَكْرَمَهُمْ وَأَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَأَعْظَمَ جَوَائِزَهُمْ، فَأَعْطَى عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ حَنْظَلَةَ، وَكَانَ شَرِيفًا فَاضِلًا عَابِدًا سَيِّدًا، مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُ ثَمَانِيَةُ بَنِينَ، فَأَعْطَى كُلَّ وَلَدٍ عَشْرَةَ آلَافٍ. فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ كُلُّهُمْ إِلَّا الْمُنْذِرَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدِمَ الْعِرَاقَ عَلَى ابْنِ زِيَادٍ، وَكَانَ يَزِيدُ قَدْ أَجَازَهُ بِمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ أُولَئِكَ النَّفَرُ الْوَفْدُ الْمَدِينَةَ قَامُوا فِيهِمْ فَأَظْهَرُوا شَتْمَ يَزِيدَ وَعَيْبَهُ وَقَالُوا: قَدِمْنَا مِنْ عِنْدِ رَجُلٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ دِينٌ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ، وَيَضْرِبُ بِالطَّنَابِيرِ وَيَعْزِفُ عِنْدَهُ الْقِيَانُ وَيَلْعَبُ بِالْكِلَابِ وَيَسْمُرُ عِنْدَهُ الْحُرَّابُ، وَهُمُ اللُّصُوصُ، وَإِنَّا نُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنَّا قَدْ خَلَعْنَاهُ. وَقَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ الْغَسِيلِ فَقَالَ: جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَجُلٍ لَوْ لَمْ أَجِدْ إِلَّا بَنِيَّ هَؤُلَاءِ لَجَاهَدْتُهُ بِهِمْ، وَقَدْ أَعْطَانِي وَأَكْرَمَنِي وَمَا قَبِلْتُ مِنْهُ عَطَاءَهُ إِلَّا لِأَتَقَوَّى بِهِ. فَخَلَعَهُ النَّاسُ وَبَايَعُوا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ حَنْظَلَةَ الْغَسِيلِ عَلَى خَلْعِ يَزِيدَ وَوَلَّوْهُ عَلَيْهِمْ. وَأَمَّا الْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدِمَ عَلَى ابْنِ زِيَادٍ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَأَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ صَدِيقَ زِيَادٍ، فَأَتَاهُ كِتَابُ يَزِيدَ حَيْثُ بَلَغَهُ أَمْرُ الْمَدِينَةِ يَأْمُرُهُ بِحَبْسِ الْمُنْذِرِ، فَكَرِهُ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُ ضَيْفُهُ وَصَدِيقُ أَبِيهِ، فَدَعَاهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالْكِتَابِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عِنْدِي فَقُمْ وَقُلِ ائْذَنْ لِي لِأَنْصَرِفَ إِلَى بِلَادِي، فَإِذَا قُلْتُ بَلْ أَقِمْ عِنْدِي فَلَكَ الْكَرَامَةُ وَالْمُوَاسَاةُ، فَقُلْ إِنَّ لِي ضَيْعَةً وَشُغْلًا وَلَا أَجِدُ بُدًّا لِي مِنْ الِانْصِرَافِ، فَإِنِّي آذَنُ لَكَ فِي الِانْصِرَافِ فَتَلْحَقُ بِأَهْلِكَ. فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَى ابْنِ زِيَادٍ فَعَلَ الْمُنْذِرُ ذَلِكَ فَأَذِنَ لَهُ فِي الِانْصِرَافِ، فَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَكَانَ مِمَّنْ يُحَرِّضُ النَّاسَ عَلَى يَزِيدَ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَجَازَنِي بِمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ وَلَا يَمْنَعُنِي مَا صَنَعَ بِي أَنْ أُخْبِرَكُمْ خَبَرَهُ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَسْكَرُ حَتَّى يَدَعَ الصَّلَاةَ ! وَعَابَهُ بِمِثْلِ مَا عَابَهُ بِهِ أَصْحَابُهُ وَأَشَدَّ. فَبَعَثَ يَزِيدُ النُّعْمَانَ بْنَ بَشِيرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ وَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ عَدَدَ النَّاسِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ قَوْمُكَ، فَإِنَّهُمْ مَا يَمْنَعُهُمْ شَيْءٌ عَمَّا يُرِيدُونَ، فَإِنَّهُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَنْهَضُوا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ لَمْ يَجْتَرِئِ النَّاسُ عَلَى ( خِلَافِي ). فَأَقْبَلَ النُّعْمَانُ فَأَتَى قَوْمَهُ فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِلُزُومِ الطَّاعَةِ وَخَوَّفَهُمُ الْفِتْنَةَ، قَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنَّكُمْ لَا طَاقَةَ لَكُمْ بِأَهْلِ الشَّامِ. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُطِيعٍ الْعَدَوِيُّ: يَا نُعْمَانُ مَا يَحْمِلُكَ عَلَى فَسَادِ مَا أَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَمْرِنَا وَتَفْرِيقِ جَمَاعَتِنَا ؟ فَقَالَ النُّعْمَانُ: وَاللَّهِ لَكَأَنِّي بِكَ لَوْ نَزَلَ بِكَ الْجُمُوعُ وَقَامَتْ لَكَ عَلَى الرُّكَبِ تَضْرِبُ مَفَارِقَ الْقَوْمِ وَجِبَاهَهُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ وَدَارَتْ رَحَا الْمَوْتِ بَيْنَ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ قَدْ رَكِبْتَ بَغْلَتَكَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَخَلَّفْتَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمَسَاكِينَ، يَعْنِي الْأَنْصَارَ، يُقْتَلُونَ فِي سِكَكِهِمْ وَمَسَاجِدِهِمْ وَعَلَى أَبْوَابِ دُورِهِمْ. فَعَصَاهُ النَّاسُ وَانْصَرَفَ، وَكَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَمَا قَالَ.
Translation
✧ The delegation of the people of al-Madīnah to Syria. Then the year sixty-two entered. Among the events in it was the arrival of the delegation of al-Madīnah to Yazīd and their pledge of allegiance to Muḥammad b. Ḥanẓalah. Yazīd had dismissed ʿAmr b. Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ from the Ḥijāz and appointed over them al-Walīd b. ʿUtbah b. Abī Sufyān. When he entered al-Madīnah, he took custody of the wealth, the stores, and the estates, and he seized the slaves belonging to ʿAmr b. Saʿīd and imprisoned them, and they numbered about three hundred slaves. ʿAmr b. Saʿīd prepared to go to Yazīd, so he mounted and sent word to his slaves to leave the prison and join him, and he prepared camels for them to ride. They did that, and they did not catch up with him until he reached Yazīd. When he entered upon him, Yazīd honored him, treated him with respect, and welcomed him, and brought his sitting place near. Then he reproached him for his shortcomings in the affair of Ibn al-Zubayr. He said to him: "O Commander of the Faithful, the one who is present sees what the absent one does not see. The majority of the people of Makkah and the Ḥijāz supported him against us and loved him, and I did not have an army strong enough to prevail over them against him if I had confronted him. He used to be wary of me and guard against me, and I was very gentle with him and placated him so that I might gain control of him and then pounce upon him. Moreover, I had constrained him and prevented him from many things. I placed men over Makkah, its roads, and its mountain passes who would not let anyone enter it until they wrote to me his name, his father's name, from which of God's lands he was, what he had come for, and what he wanted. If he was one of his companions or one whom I thought intended him, I turned him back humiliated; otherwise I let him go. You have now appointed al-Walīd, and you will receive from his conduct and affair what will perhaps make you recognize the excellence of my exertions in your cause and my sincere counsel to you, if God wills. May God work for you and humiliate your enemy." Yazīd said to him: "You are more truthful than the one who accused you and turned me against you. You are among those whom I trust, whose help I hope for, and whom I store up to mend the breach, to suffice in the important matter, and to resolve the calamities of great affairs." In a lengthy speech. As for al-Walīd b. ʿUtbah, he remained in the Ḥijāz and had resolved repeatedly to seize ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr but found him only wary and unassailable. Najdah b. ʿĀmir al-Nakhaʿī rose in al-Yamāmah when al-Ḥusayn was killed, and Ibn al-Zubayr rose in the Ḥijāz. Al-Walīd used to depart from al-Muʿarraf and all the people departed with him, while Ibn al-Zubayr was standing with his companions and Najdah was standing among his companions. Then Ibn al-Zubayr departed with his companions and Najdah departed with his companions. Najdah used to meet Ibn al-Zubayr frequently, until most people thought that he would pledge allegiance to him. Then Ibn al-Zubayr acted with cunning in the affair of al-Walīd, and he wrote to Yazīd: "You have sent us a clumsy man who does not head toward right guidance and does not restrain himself at the admonition of a wise man. If you sent a man of easy character, I would hope that the matters which are difficult would become easy and that what has become scattered would come together." So Yazīd dismissed al-Walīd and appointed ʿUthmān b. Muḥammad b. Abī Sufyān, a young, inexperienced, callow man who had not tested affairs and whom age had not seasoned, who hardly looked into anything of his authority or his work. So he sent a delegation to Yazīd from the people of al-Madīnah, among whom were ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanẓalah Ghasīl al-Malāʾikah, ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī ʿAmr b. Ḥafṣ b. al-Mughīrah al-Makhzūmī, al-Mundhir b. al-Zubayr, and many men from the nobles of the people of al-Madīnah. They arrived before Yazīd, and he honored them, treated them well, and made their gifts magnificent. He gave ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanẓalah, who was a noble, virtuous, devout, and eminent man, one hundred thousand dirhams, and he had eight sons with him, so he gave each son ten thousand. When they returned, they all came to al-Madīnah except al-Mundhir b. al-Zubayr, for he went to al-ʿIrāq to Ibn Ziyād. Yazīd had given him a gift of one hundred thousand. When those members of the delegation arrived in al-Madīnah, they stood among them and openly reviled Yazīd and found fault with him. They said: "We have come from a man who has no religion, who drinks wine, plays with ṭanābīr, whose singing-girls perform before him, who plays with dogs, and who keeps company at night with thieves, that is, robbers. We call you to witness that we have deposed him." ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanẓalah Ghasīl stood and said: "I have come to you from a man against whom, if I found no one but these sons of mine, I would struggle against him with them. He gave me gifts and honored me, and I did not accept his gift except to gain strength from it." The people deposed him and pledged allegiance to ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanẓalah Ghasīl to depose Yazīd, and they appointed him over them. As for al-Mundhir b. al-Zubayr, he went to Ibn Ziyād, who honored him and treated him well, for he was a friend of Ziyād. A letter from Yazīd came to him when the news of al-Madīnah reached him, commanding him to imprison al-Mundhir. He disliked that because he was his guest and the friend of his father. So he summoned him and informed him of the letter. He said to him: "When the people gather in my presence, stand up and say, 'Give me permission to depart to my land.' When I say, 'Rather stay with me, for you shall have honor and support,' say, 'I have an estate and business, and I find no alternative but to depart.' Then I will give you permission to depart, and you will join your family." When the people gathered before Ibn Ziyād, al-Mundhir did that, and he gave him permission to depart. He came to al-Madīnah and was among those who incited the people against Yazīd. He said: "He gave me a gift of one hundred thousand, but what he did to me does not prevent me from telling you his story. By God, he drinks wine; by God, he becomes drunk until he abandons prayer!" And he found fault with him with the like of what his companions had said or worse. Then Yazīd sent al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr al-Anṣārī and said to him: "The number of people in al-Madīnah who are your people. Nothing prevents them from what they want, for if they do not rise in this matter, the people will not dare to oppose me." Al-Nuʿmān came to his people and ordered them to adhere to obedience and warned them of fitnah. He said to them: "You have no power against the people of Syria." ʿAbd Allāh b. Muṭīʿ al-ʿAdawī said: "O Nuʿmān, what makes you corrupt what God has set right in our affair and divide our community?" Al-Nuʿmān said: "By God, it is as if I see you, when the troops descend upon you and rise against you on their knees, striking the crowns and foreheads of the people with the sword, and the millstone of death turns between the two parties, you will have mounted your mule to Makkah and abandoned these wretched ones—meaning the Anṣār—being killed in their streets, their mosques, and at the doors of their houses." The people disobeyed him, and he departed. The affair happened as he said.
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