Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2209
The Year 61 AH
فَصْلٌ ( الْإِخْبَارُ بِمَقْتَلِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ؓ ) قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بسنده عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ اسْتَأْذَنُ مَلَكُ الْقَطْرِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَذِنَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ لَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ: " احْفَظِي عَلَيْنَا الْبَابَ لَا يَدْخُلُ أَحَدٌ ". فَجَاءَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ فَوَثَبَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ، فَجَعَلَ يَصْعَدُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ: أَتُحِبُّهُ ؟ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " نَعَمْ ". قَالَ: فَإِنَّ أُمَّتَكَ تَقْتُلُهُ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَرَيْتُكَ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي يُقْتَلُ فِيهِ. قَالَ: فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ، فَأَرَاهُ تُرَابًا أَحْمَرَ، فَأَخَذَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ ذَلِكَ التُّرَابَ، فَصَرَّتْهُ فِي طَرَفِ ثَوْبِهَا. قَالَ: فَكُنَّا نَسْمَعُ: يُقْتَلُ بِكَرْبَلَاءَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ: بسنده عن أَشْعَثُ بْنُ سُحَيْمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: " إِنَّ ابْنِي هَذَا - يَعْنِي الْحُسَيْنَ - يُقْتَلُ بِأَرْضٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا: كَرْبَلَاءُ. فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَنْصُرْهُ ". قَالَ: فَخَرَجَ أَنَسُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ إِلَى كَرْبَلَاءَ فَقُتِلَ مَعَ الْحُسَيْنِ. وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُجَيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَارَ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ - وَكَانَ صَاحِبَ مَطْهَرَتِهِ - فَلَمَّا حَاذَى نِينَوَى وَهُوَ مُنْطَلِقٌ إِلَى صِفِّينَ فَنَادَى عَلِيٌّ: اصْبِرْ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، اصْبِرْ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بِشَطِّ الْفُرَاتِ. قُلْتُ: وَمَاذَا ؟ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَعَيْنَاهُ تَفِيضَانِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، أَغْضَبَكَ أَحَدٌ ؟ وَمَا شَأْنُ عَيْنَيْكَ تَفِيضَانِ ؟ قَالَ: " بَلْ قَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِي جِبْرِيلُ قَبْلُ، فَحَدَّثَنِي أَنَّ الْحُسَيْنَ يُقْتَلُ بِشَطِّ الْفُرَاتِ ". قَالَ: " فَقَالَ: هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ أُشِمَّكَ مِنْ تُرْبَتِهُ ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. فَمَدَّ يَدَهُ، فَقَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ تُرَابٍ فَأَعْطَانِيهَا، فَلَمْ أَمْلِكْ عَيْنَيَّ أَنْ فَاضَتَا " وَقَدْ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أَنَّهُ مَرَّ بِكَرْبَلَاءَ، عِنْدَ أَشْجَارِ الْحَنْظَلِ، وَهُوَ ذَاهِبٌ إِلَى صِفِّينَ، فَسَأَلَ عَنِ اسْمِهَا فَقِيلَ: كَرْبَلَاءُ. فَقَالَ: كَرْبٌ وَبَلَاءٌ. فَنَزَلَ وَصَلَّى عِنْدَ شَجَرَةٍ هُنَاكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يُقْتَلُ هَاهُنَا شُهَدَاءُ هُمْ خَيْرُ الشُّهَدَاءِ غَيْرَ الصَّحَابَةِ، يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ. وَأَشَارَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ هُنَاكَ، فَعَلَّمُوهُ بِشَيْءٍ، فَقُتِلَ فِيهِ الْحُسَيْنُ، ؓ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ كَعْبِ الْأَحْبَارِ آثَارٌ فِي كَرْبَلَاءَ. وَقَدْ حَكَى أَبُو الْجَنَابِ الْكَلْبِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ أَنَّ أَهْلَ كَرْبَلَاءَ لَا يَزَالُونَ يَسْمَعُونَ نَوْحَ الْجِنِّ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ، ؓ، وَهُنَّ يَقُلْنَ: مَسَحَ الرَّسُولُ جَبِينَهُ فَلَهُ بَرِيقٌ فِي الْخُدُودِ أَبَوَاهُ مِنْ عَلْيَا قُرَيْ شٍ جَدُّهُ خَيْرُ الْجُدُودِ وَقَدْ أَجَابَهُمْ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ: خَرَجُوا بِهِ وَفَدًا إِلَيْ هِ فَهُمْ لَهُ شَرُّ الْوُفُودِ قَتَلُوا ابْنَ بِنْتِ نَبِيِّهِمْ سَكَنُوا بِهِ نَارَ الْخُلُودِ وَرَوَى ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ أَنَّ طَائِفَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ ذَهَبُوا فِي غَزْوَةٍ إِلَى بِلَادِ الرُّومِ، فَوَجَدُوا فِي كَنِيسَةٍ مَكْتُوبًا: أَتَرْجُو أُمَّةٌ قَتَلَتْ حُسَيْنًا شَفَاعَةَ جَدِّهِ يَوْمَ الْحِسَابِ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ: مَنْ كَتَبَ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ هَذَا مَكْتُوبٌ هَاهُنَا مِنْ قَبْلِ مَبْعَثِ نَبِيِّكُمْ بِثَلَاثِمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ. وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بسنده عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي الْمَنَامِ بِنِصْفِ النَّهَارِ أَشْعَثَ أَغْبَرَ، مَعَهُ قَارُورَةٌ فِيهَا دَمٌ، فَقُلْتُ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: " هَذَا دَمُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، لَمْ أَزَلْ أَلْتَقِطُهُ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ ". قَالَ عَمَّارٌ: فَأَحْصَيْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ قَدْ قُتِلَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ. وَرَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ بسنده عَنْ سَلْمَى قَالَتْ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَهِيَ تَبْكِي، فَقُلْتُ: مَا يُبْكِيكِ ؟ فَقَالَتْ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَنَامِ وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَلِحْيَتِهِ التُّرَابُ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ قَتْلَ الْحُسَيْنِ آنِفًا. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ بسنده عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ قَالَ: إِنَّا لَعِنْدَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَسَمِعْنَا صَارِخَةً، فَأَقْبَلَتْ حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، فَقَالَتْ: قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ. فَقَالَتْ: قَدْ فَعَلُوهَا، مَلَأَ اللَّهُ قُبُورَهُمْ - أَوْ بُيُوتَهُمْ - عَلَيْهِمْ نَارًا. وَوَقَعَتْ مَغْشِيًّا عَلَيْهَا، وَقُمْنَا. وَرَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، بسنده عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ الْجِنَّ تَنُوحُ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ، وَهُنَّ يَقُلْنَ أَيُّهَا الْقَاتِلُونَ ظُلْمًا حُسَيْنًا أَبْشِرُوا بِالْعَذَابِ وَالتَّنْكِيلِ كُلُّ أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ يَدْعُو عَلَيْكَمْ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ وَمُرْسَلٍ وَقَبِيلِ قَدْ لُعِنْتُمْ عَلَى لَسَانِ ابْنِ دَاوُدَ وَمُوسَى وَصَاحِبِ الْإِنْجِيلِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ أُخْرَى، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ بِشِعْرٍ آخَرَ غَيْرِ هَذَا. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَالَ الْخَطِيبُ بسنده عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ: إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ بِيَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا، وَأَنَا قَاتِلٌ بِابْنِ ابْنَتِكَ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا وَسَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا. وَأَخْرَجَ ثَعْلَبٌ فِي «أَمَالِيهِ» عَنْ أَبِي جَنَابٍ الْكَلْبِيِّ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ كَرْبَلَاءَ فَقُلْتُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ الْعَرَبِ بِهَا: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكُمْ تَسْمَعُونَ نَوْحَ الْجِنِّ؟ قَالَ: مَا تَلْقَى أَحَدًا إِلَّا أَخْبَرَكَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ، قُلْتُ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا سَمِعْتَ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُمْ يَقُولُونَ: مَسَحَ الرَّسُولُ جَبِينَهُ فَلَهُ بَرِيقٌ فِي الْخُدُودِ أَبَوَاهُ مِنْ عُلْيَا قُرَيْـــ ـــشَ وَجَدُّهُ خَيْرُ الْجُدُودِ
Translation
✧ SECTION (THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE KILLING OF AL-ḤUSAYN B. ʿALĪ ؓ) Imām Aḥmad said with his chain of transmission from Anas, who said: The angel of rain sought permission to come to the Prophet ﷺ, and he granted him permission. He said to Umm Salamah: “Guard the door for us, so that no one enters.” Then al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī came, and he leapt until he entered, and he started climbing onto the shoulder of the Prophet ﷺ. The angel said to him: “Do you love him?” The Prophet ﷺ said: “Yes.” He said: “Your community will kill him, and if you wish, I can show you the place where he will be killed.” He said: He struck with his hand and showed him red dust. Umm Salamah took that dust and tied it up in the edge of her garment. He said: So we used to hear: “He will be killed at Karbalāʾ.” Abū al-Qāsim al-Baghawī said with his chain of transmission from Ashʿath b. Suḥaym, from his father, who said: I heard Anas b. al-Ḥārith say: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “This son of mine—meaning al-Ḥusayn—will be killed in a land called Karbalāʾ. Whoever of you witnesses that, let him support him.” He said: So Anas b. al-Ḥārith went out to Karbalāʾ and was killed with al-Ḥusayn. And from ʿAbd Allāh b. Nujayy, from his father, that he traveled with ʿAlī—and he was the keeper of his ablution vessel—and when he came parallel to Nīnawā while he was heading to Ṣiffīn, ʿAlī called out: “Be patient, Abā ʿAbd Allāh, be patient, Abā ʿAbd Allāh, at the bank of the Euphrates.” I said: “And what is that?” He said: “I entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day while his eyes were overflowing, and I said: O Prophet of Allah, has someone angered you? What is the matter that your eyes are overflowing?” He said: “Rather, Jibrīl had just risen from my presence and told me that al-Ḥusayn will be killed at the bank of the Euphrates.” He said: “Then he said: Would you like me to let you smell some of his dust? I said: Yes. So he stretched out his hand, seized a handful of dust, and gave it to me. I could not control my eyes from overflowing.” Muḥammad b. Saʿd and others have narrated from more than one route, from ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, that he passed by Karbalāʾ, at the colocynth trees, while he was going to Ṣiffīn. He asked about its name, and it was said: “Karbalāʾ.” He said: “Distress and tribulation.” He dismounted and prayed at a tree there, then said: “Here will be killed martyrs who are the best of martyrs apart from the Companions; they will enter Paradise without reckoning.” And he pointed to a place there, and they marked it with something, and al-Ḥusayn ؓ was killed in it. Traces have been narrated from Kaʿb al-Aḥbār about Karbalāʾ. Abū al-Janāb al-Kalbī and others related that the people of Karbalāʾ never cease hearing the wailing of the jinn over al-Ḥusayn ؓ, and they say: The Messenger wiped his forehead, so it has a gleam in the cheeks; his parents are from the highest of Quraysh, his grandfather the best of grandfathers. Some people answered them, saying: They went out with him as a delegation to him, so they are to him the worst of delegations; they killed the son of their Prophet’s daughter; by him they inhabited the fire of eternity. Ibn ʿAsākir narrated that a group of people went on a military campaign to the land of the Byzantines, and they found in a church written: Does a community that killed Ḥusayn hope for the intercession of his grandfather on the Day of Reckoning? They asked them: “Who wrote this?” They said: “This has been written here three hundred years before the sending of your Prophet.” Imām Aḥmad said with his chain of transmission from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: I saw the Prophet ﷺ in a dream in the middle of the day, disheveled and dusty, with a bottle in which there was blood. I said: “May my father and mother be your ransom, O Messenger of Allah, what is this?” He said: “This is the blood of al-Ḥusayn and his companions; I have not ceased collecting it since today.” ʿAmmār said: So we counted that day and found that he had been killed on that day. Al-Tirmidhī narrated with his chain of transmission from Salmā, who said: I entered upon Umm Salamah while she was weeping, and I said: “What makes you weep?” She said: “I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a dream with dust on his head and beard. I said: What is the matter with you, O Messenger of Allah? He said: I have just witnessed the killing of al-Ḥusayn.” Muḥammad b. Saʿd said with his chain of transmission from Shahr b. Ḥawshab, who said: We were with Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when we heard a loud cry. A woman came forward until she reached Umm Salamah and said: “Al-Ḥusayn has been killed.” She said: “They have done it. May Allah fill their graves—or their houses—with fire upon them.” And she fell down in a faint, and we arose. Al-Ḥusayn b. Idrīs narrated with his chain of transmission from Umm Salamah, who said: I heard the jinn wailing over al-Ḥusayn, and they were saying: O you who killed Ḥusayn unjustly, rejoice in punishment and exemplary torment; all the inhabitants of heaven call down upon you, from prophet, messenger, and tribe; you have been cursed on the tongue of the son of Dāwūd, and Mūsā, and the companion of the Gospel. It has also been narrated by another route from Umm Salamah with poetry other than this. Allah knows best. Al-Khaṭīb said with his chain of transmission from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Allah the Exalted revealed to Muḥammad ﷺ: “I killed seventy thousand for Yaḥyā b. Zakariyyā, and I will kill for the son of your daughter seventy thousand and seventy thousand.” Thaʿlab cited in his “Amālī” from Abū Janāb al-Kalbī, who said: I came to Karbalāʾ and said to a man from the Arab nobles there: “I have heard that you hear the wailing of the jinn.” He said: “You will not meet anyone without him telling you that he heard that.” I said: “Tell me what you yourself heard.” He said: “I heard them saying: The Messenger wiped his forehead, so it has a gleam in the cheeks; his parents are from the highest of Quraysh, and his grandfather is the best of grandfathers.”
Grades by grader
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