Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2174
The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān
مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ أَرْقَمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَرْقَمِ أَرْقَمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَرْقَمِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ ، أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: وَأُمُّهُ أُمَيْمَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ، وَخَالُهُ نَافِعُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ خُزَاعَةَ عَامِلُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَلَى مَكَّةَ. عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي جَدِّي عُثْمَانُ بْنُ الْأَرْقَمِ، قَالَ: أَنَا ابْنُ سَبْعَةٍ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، أَسْلَمَ أَبِي سَابِعَ سَبْعَةٍ، وَكَانَتْ دَارُهُ بِمَكَّةَ عَلَى الصَّفَا، وَهِيَ الدَّارُ الَّتِي كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَكُونُ فِيهَا فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَفِيهَا دُعِيَ النَّاسُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَأَسْلَمَ فِيهَا خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، وَقَالَ لَيْلَةَ الِاثْنَيْنِ فِيهَا: "اللَّهُمَّ أَعِزَّ الْإِسْلَامَ بِأَحَبِّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ إِلَيْكَ: عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، أَوْ عَمْرِو بْنِ هِشَامٍ ". فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ مِنَ الْغَدِ بُكْرَةً فَأَسْلَمَ فِي دَارِ الْأَرْقَمِ وَخَرَجُوا مِنْهَا وَكَبَّرُوا وَطَافُوا بِالْبَيْتِ ظَاهِرِينَ، فَدُعِيَتْ دَارُ الْأَرْقَمِ دَارَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَتَصَدَّقَ بِهَا الْأَرْقَمُ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ، فَقَرَأْتُ نُسْخَةَ صَدَقَةِ الْأَرْقَمِ بِدَارِهِ. "بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، هَذَا مَا قَضَى الْأَرْقَمُ فِي رُبْعِهِ مَا حَاذَى الصَّفَا، إِنَّهَا مُحَرَّمَةٌ بِمَكَانِهَا مِنَ الْحَرَمِ، لَا تُبَاعُ وَلَا تُوَرَّثُ، شَهِدَ هِشَامُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ، وَفُلَانٌ مَوْلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ ". فَلَمْ تَزَلْ هَذِهِ الدَّارُ صَدَقَةً قَائِمَةً فِيهَا وَلَدُهُ يَسْكُنُونَ وَيُؤَاجِرُونَ وَيَأْخُذُونَ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى كَانَ زَمَنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ. وعَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي وَقَعْتُ فِي نَفْسِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، إِنَّهُ لَيَسْعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فِي حَجَّةٍ حَجَّهَا وَنَحْنُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الدَّارِ فِي فُسْطَاطٍ فَيَمُرُّ تَحْتَنَا لَوْ أَشَاءُ أَنْ آخُذَ قَلَنْسُوَةً عَلَيْهِ لَأَخَذْتُهَا، وَإِنَّهُ لَيَنْظُرُ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ حِينِ يَهْبِطُ بَطْنَ الْوَادِي حَتَّى يَصْعَدَ إِلَى الصَّفَا، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَسَنٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، كَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ مِمَّنْ تَابَعَهُ وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مَعَهُ، فَتَعَلَّقُ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ بِذَلِكَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُ وَيَطْرَحَهُ فِي حَدِيدٍ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ شِهَابُ بْنُ عَبْدِ رَبٍّ، وَكَتَبَ مَعَهُ إِلَى عَامِلِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ مَا يَأْمُرُهُ بِهِ، فَدَخَلَ شِهَابُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْحَبْسَ - وَهُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ ابْنُ بِضْعٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، وَقَدْ ضَجِرَ بِالْحَدِيدِ وَالْحَبْسِ - فَقَالَ لَهُ: هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ أُخْلِّصَكَ مِمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ وَتَبِيعَنِي دَارَ الْأَرْقَمِ ؟ فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُرِيدُهَا، وَعَسَى إِنْ بِعْتَهُ إِيَّاهَا أَنْ أُكَلِّمَهُ فِيكَ فَيَعْفُوَ عَنْكَ قَالَ: إِنَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ، وَلَكِنَّ حَقِّي مِنْهَا لَهُ وَمَعِي فِيهَا شُرَكَاءُ إِخْوَتِي وَغَيْرُهُمْ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ نَفْسَكَ، أَعْطِنَا حَقَّكَ وَبَرِئْتَ. فَأَشْهَدَ لَهُ بِحَقِّهِ، وَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابَ شِرَاءٍ عَلَى حِسَابِ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، ثُمَّ تَتَبَّعَ إِخْوَتَهُ فَفَتَنَهُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ الْمَالِ فَبَاعُوهُ، فَصَارَتْ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَلِمَنْ أَقْطَعَهَا، ثُمَّ صَيَّرَهَا الْمَهْدِيُّ لِلْخَيْزُرَانِ أُمِّ مُوسَى وَهَارُونَ، فَبَنَتْهَا وَعُرِفَتْ بِهَا، ثُمَّ صَارَتْ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُوسَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، [ثُمَّ سَكَنَهَا أَصْحَابُ الشَّطَوِيِّ وَالْعَدَنِيِّ، ثُمَّ اشْتَرَى ] عَامَّتَهَا غَسَّانُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ مِنْ وَلَدِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ. قَالَ عُلَمَاءُ السِّيَرِ: شَهِدَ الْأَرْقَمُ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، وَمَاتَ الْأَرْقَمُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ. سَحْبَانُ بْنُ زُفَرَ بْنِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ الْأَحَبِّ الْبَاهِلِيُّ سَحْبَانُ بْنُ زُفَرَ بْنِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ الْأَحَبِّ الْبَاهِلِيُّ: كَانَ خَطِيبًا بَلِيغًا يُضْرَبُ الْمَثَلُ بِفَصَاحَتِهِ، وَدَخَلَ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَعِنْدَهُ خُطَبَاءُ الْقَبَائِلِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ خَرَجُوا لِعِلْمِهِمْ بِقُصُورِهِمْ عَنْهُ، فَمِنْ قَوْلِهِ: لِقَدْ عَلِمَ الْحَيُّ الْيَمَانِيُّونَ أَنَّنِي إِذَا قُلْتُ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، أَنِّي خَطِيبُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ: اخْطُبْ، فَقَالَ: انْظُرُوا لِي عَصًا تُقِيمُ مِنْ أَوْدِي، قَالُوا: وَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهَا وَأَنْتَ بِحَضْرَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ قَالَ: مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ بِهَا مُوسَى وَهُوَ يُخَاطِبُ رَبَّهُ، فَأَخَذَهَا وَتَكَلَّمَ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ إِلَى أَنْ قَارَبَ الْعَصْرُ مَا تَنَحْنَحَ وَلَا سَعَلَ وَلَا تَوَقَّفَ وَلَا ابْتَدَأَ فِي مَعْنًى فَخَرَجَ عَنْهُ وَقَدْ بَقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَقِيَّةٌ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: الصَّلَاةَ، قَالَ: الصَّلَاةُ أَمَامَكَ أَلَسْنَا فِي تَحْمِيدٍ وَتَمْجِيدٍ وَعِظَةٍ وَتَنْبِيهٍ وَتَذْكِيرٍ وَوَعْدٍ وَوَعِيدٍ، فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: أَنْتَ أَخْطَبُ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنْسِ، قَالَ: كَذَلِكَ أَنْتَ. فَضَالَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ نَافِذِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ فَضَالَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ نَافِذِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ : كَانَ صَبِيًّا يَوْمَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى قُبَاءَ كُنَّا غِلْمَانًا نَحْتَطِبُ، فَأَرْسَلَنَا إِلَى أَهْلِنَا وَقَالَ: قُولُوا قَدْ جَاءَ صَاحِبُكُمُ الَّذِي تَنْتَظِرُونَ، فَخَرَجْنَا إِلَى أَهْلِنَا فَأَخْبَرَنَاهُمْ، فَأَقْبَلَ الْقَوْمُ. وَشَهِدَ فَضَالَةُ أُحُدًا وَالْخَنْدَقَ وَمَا بَعْدَهَا، وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ وَصَارَ قَاضِيًا بِهَا فِي خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ. قَثْمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَثْمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ : كَانَ [يُشْبِهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَرَّ بِهِ ] رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَلْعَبُ، فَحَمَلَهُ خَلْفَهُ. وَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَخَرَجَ مَعَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ فِي زَمَنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَاسْتُشْهِدَ بِسَمَرْقَنْدَ. كَعْبُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَّادٍ، أَبُو الْيُسْرِ كَعْبُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَّادٍ، أَبُو الْيُسْرِ : شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ وَبَدْرًا وَهُوَ ابْنُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، وَشَهِدَ الْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَكَانَ قَصِيرًا دَحْدَاحًا، أَبْطَنَ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَسَرَ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ. وَتُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَاسْمُهُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أُهَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ زُهْرَةَ بْنِ كِلَابٍ، أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْقُرَشِيُّ الزُّهْرِيُّ، أَحَدُ الْعَشَرَةِ الْمَشْهُودِ لَهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ، وَأَحَدُ السِّتَّةِ أَصْحَابِ الشُّورَى الَّذِينَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَنْهُمْ رَاضٍ، أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا. قَالُوا: وَكَانَ يَوْمَ أَسْلَمَ عُمْرُهُ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وَثَبَتَ عَنْهُ فِي " الصَّحِيحِ " أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا أَسْلَمَ أَحَدٌ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي أَسْلَمْتُ فِيهِ، وَلَقَدْ مَكَثْتُ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَإِنِّي لَثُلُثُ الْإِسْلَامِ. وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَوَّفَ الْكُوفَةَ وَنَفَى عَنْهَا الْأَعَاجِمَ، وَكَانَ مُجَابَ الدَّعْوَةِ، وَهَاجَرَ وَشَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَمَا بَعْدَهَا، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَكَانَ فَارِسًا شُجَاعًا مِنْ أُمَرَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ فِي أَيَّامِ الصِّدِّيقِ مُعَظِّمًا جَلِيلَ الْمِقْدَارِ، وَكَذَلِكَ فِي أَيَّامِ عُمَرَ، وَقَدِ اسْتَنَابَهُ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي فَتَحَ الْمَدَائِنَ وَكَانَتْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَقْعَةُ جَلُولَاءَ وَكَانَ سَيِّدًا مُطَاعًا، وَعَزَلَهُ عُمَرُ عَنِ الْكُوفَةِ عَنْ غَيْرِ عَجْزٍ وَلَا خِيَانَةٍ، وَلَكِنْ لِمَصْلَحَةٍ ظَهَرَتْ لِعُمَرَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ فِي السِّتَّةِ أَصْحَابِ الشُّورَى، ثُمَّ وَلَّاهُ عُثْمَانُ الْكُوفَةَ بَعْدَهَا، ثُمَّ عَزَلَهُ عَنْهَا. وعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ: شَهِدَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ دَوْمَةَ الْجَنْدَلِ يَوْمَ الْحَكَمَيْنِ. وَثَبَتَ فِي " صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ " أَنَّ ابْنَهُ عُمَرَ جَاءَ إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ مُعْتَزِلٌ فِي إِبِلِهِ فَقَالَ: النَّاسُ يَتَنَازَعُونَ الْإِمَارَةَ وَأَنْتَ هَاهُنَا ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا بُنَيَّ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: " إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْعَبْدَ الْغَنِيَّ الْخَفِيَّ الْتَقِيَّ ". قَالَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ: ذَكَرَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ هَاشِمَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ جَاءَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَمُّ، هَاهُنَا مِائَةُ أَلْفِ سَيْفٍ يَرَوْنَكَ أَحَقَّ النَّاسِ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ. فَقَالَ: أُرِيدُ مِنْ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ سَيْفًا وَاحِدًا ; إِذَا ضَرَبْتُ بِهِ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَمْ يَصْنَعْ شَيْئًا، وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُ بِهِ الْكَافِرَ قَطَعَ. وعن زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ عَمْرٍو، أَنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَفَدَ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُفْطِرُ. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: فَبَايَعَهُ: وَمَا سَأَلَهُ سَعْدٌ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ: بسنده عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: جَمَعَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبَوَيْهِ يَوْمَ أُحِدٍ . وَفِي بَعْضِ الرِّوَايَاتِ: " فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي ". وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَقَالَ: " ارْمِ وَأَنْتَ الْغُلَامُ الْحَزَوَّرُ ". قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: وَكَانَ سَعْدٌ جَيِّدَ الرَّمْيِ. وعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ النَّاسِ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ سَعْدٌ، ؓ. وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ، سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُ: مَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُفَدِّي أَحَدًا بِأَبَوَيْهِ إِلَّا سَعْدَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ: " ارْمِ سَعْدُ، فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي ". وعَنْ أَيُّوبَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتَ سَعْدٍ تَقُولُ: أَنَا ابْنَةُ الْمُهَاجِرِ الَّذِي فَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ بِالْأَبَوَيْنِ. وعَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهَا قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي أَرْمِي بِالسَّهْمِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، فَيَرُدُّهُ عَلَيَّ رَجُلٌ أَبْيَضُ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ، حَتَّى كَانَ بَعْدُ، فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ مَلَكٌ. وعَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَنْ يَسَارِهِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ رَجُلَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا ثِيَابٌ بِيضٌ، يُقَاتِلَانِ عَنْهُ كَأَشَدِّ الْقِتَالِ، مَا رَأَيْتُهُمَا قَبْلُ وَلَا بَعْدُ. وعَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَجُلَيْنِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ يُقَاتِلَانِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ; أَحَدُهُمَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ ، وَإِنَّى لِأَرَاهُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى ذَا مَرَّةً وَإِلَى ذَا مَرَّةً ; سُرُورًا بِمَا ظَفَّرَهُ اللَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: اشْتَرَكْتُ أَنَا وَسَعْدٌ وَعَمَّارٌ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فِيمَا أَصَبْنَا مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ، فَجَاءَ سَعْدٌ بِأَسِيرَيْنِ، وَلَمْ أَجِئْ أَنَا وَعَمَّارٌ بِشَيْءٍ. وعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ سَعْدَ بْنَ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ يُقَاتِلُ قِتَالَ الْفَارِسِ لِلرَّاجِلِ. وَقَالَ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ يَقُولُ: قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: بَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرِقًا ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " لَيْتَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا يَحْرُسُنِي اللَّيْلَةَ ". قَالَتْ: إِذْ سَمِعْنَا صَوْتَ السِّلَاحِ، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ هَذَا ؟ " قَالَ: أَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، أَنَا أَحْرُسُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ . قَالَتْ: فَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى سَمِعْتُ غَطِيطَهُ. وعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: " يَطْلُعُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْآنَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ". فَاطَّلَعَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ الْغَدُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: فَاطَّلَعَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَلَى تَرْتِيبِهِ الْأَوَّلِ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ الْغَدُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَطَلَعَ عَلَى تَرْتِيبِهِ، فَلَمَّا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَارَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي غَاضَبْتُ أَبِي، فَأَقْسَمْتُ أَنْ لَا أَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُؤْوِيَنِي إِلَيْكَ حَتَّى تَنْحَلَّ يَمِينِي، فَعَلْتَ. قَالَ أَنَسٌ: فَزَعَمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو أَنَّهُ بَاتَ مَعَهُ لَيْلَةً، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مَعَ الْفَجْرِ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ شَيْئًا، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا انْقَلَبَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ، وَكَبَّرَهُ حَتَّى يَقُومَ مَعَ الْفَجْرِ، فَإِذَا صَلَّى الْمَكْتُوبَةَ أَسْبَغَ الْوُضُوءَ وَأَتَمَّهُ، ثُمَّ يُصْبِحُ مُفْطِرًا. قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو: فَرَمَقَتْهُ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ وَأَيَّامَهُنَّ، لَا يَزِيدُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، غَيْرَ أَنِّي لَا أَسْمَعُهُ يَقُولُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا، فَلَمَّا مَضَتِ اللَّيَالِي الثَّلَاثُ وَكِدْتُ أَحْتَقِرُ عَمَلَهُ قُلْتُ: إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ أَبِي غَضَبٌ وَلَا هِجْرَةٌ، وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَبْلُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ مَجَالِسَ: " يَطْلُعُ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ". فَاطَّلَعْتَ أَنْتَ أُولَئِكَ الْمَرَّاتِ الثَّلَاثَ، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ آوِيَ إِلَيْكَ حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ مَا عَمَلُكَ فَأَقْتَدِيَ بِكَ، فَلَمْ أَرَكَ تَعْمَلُ كَثِيرَ عَمَلٍ، فَمَا الَّذِي بَلَغَ بِكَ مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ؟ فَقَالَ: مَا هُوَ إِلَّا الَّذِي رَأَيْتَ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ انْصَرَفْتُ عَنْهُ، فَدَعَانِي حِينَ وَلَّيْتُ، فَقَالَ: مَا هُوَ إِلَّا مَا رَأَيْتَ، غَيْرَ أَنِّي لَا أَجِدُ فِي نَفْسِي سُوءًا لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَلَا أَنْوِي لَهُ شَرًّا وَلَا أَقُولُهُ. قَالَ: هَذِهِ الَّتِي بَلَغَتْ بِكَ، وَهِيَ الَّتِي لَا أُطِيقُ. وَثَبَتَ فِي " صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ " بسنده عَنْ سَعْدٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَلَا تَطْرُدِ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ [ الْأَنْعَامِ: 52 ]. نَزَلَتْ فِي سِتَّةٍ ، أَنَا وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ مِنْهُمْ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيَّ وَإِنْ جَاهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا [ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ: 8 ]. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا أَسْلَمَ امْتَنَعَتْ أُمُّهُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ أَيَّامًا، فَقَالَ لَهَا: تَعْلَمِينَ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَتْ لَكِ مِائَةُ نَفْسٍ، فَخَرَجَتْ نَفْسًا نَفْسًا، مَا تَرَكْتُ دِينِي هَذَا لِشَيْءٍ، إِنْ شِئْتِ فَكُلِي، وَإِنْ شِئْتِ فَلَا تَأْكُلِي. فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ. وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ الشَّهَادَةِ لِلْعَشَرَةِ بِالْجَنَّةِ، فَثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَجَاءَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي قِصَّةِ حِرَاءَ، ذَكَرَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ مِنْهُمْ. وعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَقْبَلَ سَعْدٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " هَذَا خَالِيَ، فَلْيُرَنِي امْرُؤٌ خَالَهُ ". رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ. وعَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَاءَهُ يَعُودُهُ عَامَ حِجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ مِنْ وَجَعٍ اشْتَدَّ بِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي ذُو مَالٍ وَلَا يَرِثُنِي إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ، أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثَيْ مَالِي ؟ قَالَ: " لَا ". قُلْتُ: فَالشَّطْرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: " لَا ". قُلْتُ: فَالثُّلُثُ ؟ قَالَ: " الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَذَرَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذَرَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ، وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أُجِرْتَ بِهَا، حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِيِّ امْرَأَتِكَ " - وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: حَتَّى اللُّقْمَةَ تَضَعُهَا فِي فَمِ امْرَأَتِكَ - قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أُخَلَّفُ بَعْدَ أَصْحَابِي ؟ فَقَالَ: " إِنَّكَ لَنْ تُخَلَّفَ فَتَعْمَلَ عَمَلًا تَبْتَغِي بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ، إِلَّا ازْدَدْتَ بِهِ دَرَجَةً وَرِفْعَةً، وَلَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُخَلِّفَ حَتَّى يَنْتَفِعَ بِكَ أَقْوَامٌ وَيَضُرَّ بِكَ آخَرُونَ ". ثُمَّ قَالَ: " اللَّهُمَّ أَمْضِ لِأَصْحَابِي هِجْرَتَهُمْ، وَلَا تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ، لَكِنِ الْبَائِسُ سَعْدُ بْنُ خَوْلَةَ ". يَرْثِي لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ مَاتَ بِمَكَّةَ. وعَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهَا، فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ، وَفِيهِ: قَالَ: فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ، فَمَسَحَ وَجْهَهُ وَصَدْرَهُ وَبَطْنَهُ، وَقَالَ: " اللَّهُمَّ اشْفِ سَعْدًا وَأَتِمَّ لَهُ هِجْرَتَهُ ". قَالَ سَعْدٌ: فَمَا زِلْتُ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيَّ أَنِّي أَجِدُ بَرْدَ يَدِهِ عَلَى كَبِدِي حَتَّى السَّاعَةِ. وعَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَامِرَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ عَنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِسَعْدٍ: " وَعَسَى أَنْ تَبْقَى يَنْتَفِعُ بِكَ أَقْوَامٌ وَيَضُرُّ بِكَ آخَرُونَ ". فَقَالَ: أُمِّرَ سَعْدٌ عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ، فَقَتَلَ قَوْمًا عَلَى الرِّدَّةِ فَضَرَّهُمْ، وَاسْتَتَابَ قَوْمًا كَانُوا سَجَعُوا سَجْعَ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ، فَتَابُوا فَانْتَفَعُوا بِهِ. وعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ: جَلَسْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَّرَنَا وَرَقَّقَنَا، فَبَكَى سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، فَأَكْثَرَ الْبُكَاءَ، وَقَالَ: يَا لَيْتَنِي مِتُّ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " يَا سَعْدُ، أَعِنْدِي تَتَمَنَّى الْمَوْتَ ! " فَرَدَّدَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " يَا سَعْدُ، إِنْ كُنْتَ لِلْجَنَّةِ خُلِقْتَ، فَمَا طَالَ عُمْرُكَ أَوْ حَسُنَ مِنْ عَمَلِكَ، فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ ". وعَنْ مُطْعِمِ بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ وَغَيْرِهِ، أَنَّ سَعْدًا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُجِيبَ دَعْوَتِي. فَقَالَ: " إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَسْتَجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ عَبْدٍ حَتَّى يُطَيِّبَ مَطْعَمَهُ ". فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُطَيِّبَ طُعْمَتِي. فَدَعَا لَهُ. قَالُوا: فَكَانَ سَعْدٌ يَتَوَرَّعُ مِنَ السُّنْبُلَةِ يَجِدُهَا فِي زَرْعِهِ، فَيَرُدُّهَا مِنْ حَيْثُ أُخِذَتْ. وَقَدْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ مُجَابَ الدَّعْوَةِ، لَا يَكَادُ يَدْعُو بِدُعَاءٍ إِلَّا اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ. شكوى أهل الكوفة من سعد بن أبي وقاص فَمِنْ أَشْهَرِ ذَلِكَ مَا ثَبَتَ فِي " الصَّحِيحَيْنِ " مِنْ طَرِيقِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ، أَنْ أَهْلَ الْكُوفَةِ شَكَوَا سَعْدًا إِلَى عُمَرَ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى قَالُوا: لَا يُحْسِنُ يُصَلِّي. فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: أَمَّا إِنِّي لَا آلُو أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ بِهِمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ; أُطِيلُ الْأُولَيَيْنِ، وَأَحْذِفُ فِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ. فَقَالَ: ذَاكَ الظَّنُّ بِكَ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ. وعَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ: خَرَجَتْ جَارِيَةٌ لِسَعْدٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا: زَبْرَاءُ. وَعَلَيْهَا قَمِيصٌ جَدِيدٌ، فَكَشَفَتْهَا الرِّيحُ، فَشَدَّ عَلَيْهَا عُمَرُ بِالدِّرَّةِ، وَجَاءَ سَعْدٌ لِيَمْنَعَهُ، فَتَنَاوَلَهُ عُمَرُ بِالدِّرَّةِ، فَذَهَبَ سَعْدٌ يَدْعُو عَلَى عُمَرَ، فَنَاوَلَهُ الدِّرَّةَ وَقَالَ: اقْتَصَّ. فَعَفَا عَنْ عُمَرَ. وَرَوَى أَيْضًا أَنَّهُ كَانَ بَيْنَ سَعْدٍ وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ كَلَامٌ، فَهَمَّ سَعْدٌ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ عَلَيْهِ، فَخَافَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، وَجَعَلَ يَشْتَدُّ فِي الْهَرَبِ. وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ كَانَ سَعْدٌ عَلَى النَّاسِ، وَقَدْ أَصَابَتْهُ جِرَاحٌ، فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، يَعْنِي فَتْحَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَجِيلَةَ: أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَظْهَرَ دِينَهُ وَسَعْدٌ بِبَابِ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ مُعْصَمُ فَأُبْنَا وَقَدْ آمَتْ نِسَاءٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَنِسْوَةُ سَعْدٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ أَيِّمُ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: اللَّهُمَّ اكْفِنَا يَدَهُ وَلِسَانَهُ. فَجَاءَهُ سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ، فَأَصَابَهُ فَخَرِسَ وَيَبِسَتْ يَدَاهُ جَمِيعًا. وعَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، أَنَّ سَعْدًا رَأَى جَمَاعَةً عُكُوفًا عَلَى رَجُلٍ، فَأَدْخَلَ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ يَسُبُّ عَلِيًّا وَطَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرَ، فَنَهَاهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَلَمْ يَنْتَهِ، فَقَالَ: أَدْعُو عَلَيْكَ. فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: تَتَهَدَّدُنِي كَأَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ ! فَانْصَرَفَ سَعْدٌ، فَدَخَلَ دَارَ آلِ فُلَانٍ، فَتَوَضَّأَ، وَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ سَبَّ أَقْوَامًا قَدْ سَبَقَ لَهُمْ مِنْكَ سَابِقَةُ الْحَسَنَى، وَأَنَّهُ قَدْ أَسْخَطَكَ سَبُّهُ إِيَّاهُمْ، فَاجْعَلْهُ الْيَوْمَ آيَةً وَعِبْرَةً. قَالَ: فَخَرَجَتْ بُخْتِيَّةٌ نَادَّةٌ مِنْ دَارِ آلِ فُلَانٍ لَا يَرُدُّهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ بَيْنَ أَضْعَافِ النَّاسِ، فَافْتَرَقَ النَّاسُ، فَأَخَذَتْهُ بَيْنَ قَوَائِمِهَا، فَلَمْ تَزَلْ تَتَخَبَّطُهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ. قَالَ: فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ يَشْتَدُّونَ وَرَاءَ سَعْدٍ يَقُولُونَ: اسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ دُعَاءَكَ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ. وَعَنْ مِينا مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى سَعْدٍ، فَنَهَاهَا فَلَمْ تَنْتَهِ، فَاطَّلَعَتْ يَوْمًا وَهُوَ يَتَوَضَّأُ، فَقَالَ: شَاهَ وَجْهُكِ. فَعَادَ وَجْهُهَا فِي قَفَاهَا. وَقَالَ كَثِيرٌ النَّوَّاءُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُلَيْلٍ قَالَ: دَخَلَ سَعْدٌ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَا لَكَ لَمْ تُقَاتِلْ مَعَنَا ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي مَرَّتْ بِي رِيحٌ مُظْلِمَةٌ فَقُلْتُ: أَخْ أَخْ. فَأَنَخْتُ رَاحِلَتِي حَتَّى انْجَلَتْ عَنِّي، ثُمَّ عَرَفَتِ الطَّرِيقَ فَسِرْتُ. فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ أَخْ أَخْ، وَلَكِنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا فَإِنْ بَغَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَلَى الْأُخْرَى فَقَاتِلُوا الَّتِي تَبْغِي حَتَّى تَفِيءَ إِلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ [ الْحُجُرَاتِ: 9 ]. فَوَاللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ مَعَ الْبَاغِيَةِ عَلَى الْعَادِلَةِ، وَلَا مَعَ الْعَادِلَةِ عَلَى الْبَاغِيَةِ. فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: مَا كُنْتُ لِأُقَاتِلَ رَجُلًا قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ " أَنْتَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي ". فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: مَنْ سَمِعَ هَذَا مَعَكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: فُلَانٌ وَفُلَانٌ وَأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ. فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: أَمَا إِنِّي لَوْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْهُ ﷺ لَمَا قَاتَلْتُ عَلِيًّا. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَهُمَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي حَجَّةٍ حَجَّهَا مُعَاوِيَةُ، وَأَنَّهُمَا قَامَا إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَسَأَلَاهَا فَحَدَّثَتْهُمَا بِمَا حَدَّثَ بِهِ سَعْدٌ، فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: لَوْ سَمِعْتُ هَذَا قَبْلَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ لَكَنْتُ خَادِمًا لِعَلِيٍّ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ أَوْ أَمُوتَ. وَفِي إِسْنَادِ هَذَا ضَعْفٌ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ: طَافَ سَعْدٌ عَلَى تِسْعِ جَوَارٍ فِي لَيْلَةٍ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْعَاشِرَةِ أَخَذَهُ النَّوْمُ، فَاسْتَحْيَتْ أَنْ تُوقِظَهُ. وَمِنْ كَلَامِهِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِابْنِهِ مُصْعَبٍ: يَا بُنَيَّ، إِذَا طَلَبْتَ شَيْئًا فَاطْلُبْهُ بِالْقَنَاعَةِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ لَا قَنَاعَةَ لَهُ لَمْ يُغْنِهِ الْمَالُ. وعَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: كَانَ رَأْسُ أَبِي فِي حِجْرِي وَهُوَ يَقْضِي فَبَكَيْتُ، فَقَالَ: مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا بُنَيَّ ؟ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُعَذِّبُنِي أَبَدًا، وَإِنِّي مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَدِينُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِحَسَنَاتِهِمْ فَاعْمَلُوا لِلَّهِ، وَأَمَّا الْكُفَّارُ فَيُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمْ بِحَسَنَاتِهِمْ، فَإِذَا نَفِدَتْ قَالَ: لِيَطْلُبْ كُلُّ عَامِلٍ ثَوَابَ عَمَلِهِ مِمَّنْ عَمِلَ لَهُ. وَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ سَعْدًا الْوَفَاةُ دَعَا بِخَلَقِ جُبَّةٍ فَقَالَ: كَفِّنُونِي فِيهَا، فَإِنِّي لَقِيتُ فِيهَا الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، وَإِنَّمَا كُنْتُ أُخَبِّئُهَا لِهَذَا الْيَوْمِ. وَكَانَتْ وَفَاةُ سَعْدٍ بِالْعَقِيقِ خَارِجَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَحُمِلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى أَعْنَاقِ الرِّجَالِ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ مَرْوَانُ، وَصَلَّى بِصَلَاتِهِ أُمَّهَاتُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْبَاقِيَاتُ الصَّالِحَاتُ، وَدُفِنَ بِالْبَقِيعِ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ - سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَخَمْسِينَ - عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْأَكْثَرُونَ، وَقَدْ جَاوَزَ الثَّمَانِينَ، عَلَى الصَّحِيحِ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ: وَهُوَ آخِرُ الْعَشَرَةِ وَفَاةً. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: كَانَ آخِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَفَاةً. ؓ وَعَنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ. وَقَالَ الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ: سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ وَقَعْنَبُ بْنُ الْمُحَرِّرِ: تُوُفِّيَ سَعْدٌ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَخَمْسِينَ. وَقَالَ قَعْنَبٌ: وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ وَعَائِشَةُ وَأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ. وَالصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ ; خَمْسٌ وَخَمْسِينَ. قَالُوا: وَكَانَ سَعْدٌ قَصِيرًا غَلِيظًا شَثْنَ الْأَصَابِعِ أَفْطَسَ، أَشْعَرَ الْجَسَدِ، يُخَضِّبُ بِالسَّوَادِ، وَكَانَ مِيرَاثُهُ مِائَتَيْ أَلْفٍ وَخَمْسِينَ أَلْفًا.
Translation
✧ Those among the notable figures who died in this year Arqam b. Abī al-Arqam Arqam b. Abī al-Arqam b. Asad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar b. Makhzūm, Abū ʿAbd Allāh: His mother was Umaymah bt. al-Ḥārith of Khuzāʿah, and his maternal uncle was Nāfiʿ b. al-Ḥārith b. Khuzāʿah, the governor of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb over Makkah. From Yaḥyā b. ʿImrān b. ʿUthmān b. al-Arqam, who said: My grandfather ʿUthmān b. al-Arqam narrated to me, saying: I am the seventh person in Islam; my father was the seventh of seven to embrace Islam. His house in Makkah was on al-Ṣafā, and it was the house in which the Messenger of God ﷺ used to stay in the early days of Islam, and in it the people were called to Islam, and many people embraced Islam in it. He said on a Monday night in it: "O God, strengthen Islam with the more beloved of the two men to You: ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb or ʿAmr b. Hishām." Then ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb came the next morning early and embraced Islam in the house of al-Arqam, and they came out of it proclaiming 'Allāhu akbar' and circumambulated the House openly. So the house of al-Arqam was called the House of Islam, and al-Arqam gave it as a perpetual charity for his descendants. I read the copy of al-Arqam's charitable endowment deed in his house: "In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful. This is what al-Arqam decreed concerning his quarter that faces al-Ṣafā: it is inviolable because of its location in the sacred precinct; it shall not be sold, nor shall it be inherited. Witnessed by Hishām b. al-ʿĀṣ and so-and-so, the client of Hishām b. al-ʿĀṣ." This house remained as an endowed charity, standing, with his descendants living in it, renting it out, and receiving income from it, until the time of Abū Jaʿfar. From Yaḥyā b. ʿImrān that Ibn ʿUthmān b. al-Arqam said: I know the very day when I incurred the displeasure of Abū Jaʿfar. He was performing the saʿy between al-Ṣafā and al-Marwah during a pilgrimage he made, and we were on the roof of the house in a tent, and he passed beneath us; if I had wished to snatch the cap he was wearing, I could have taken it. He kept looking at us from the time he descended into the bottom of the valley until he climbed up to al-Ṣafā. Then when Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥasan revolted in Madinah, ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUthmān b. al-Arqam was among those who supported him but did not go out with him. Abū Jaʿfar used that against him, and wrote to his governor in Madinah to imprison him and put him in iron fetters. Then he sent a man from the people of Kufa called Shihāb b. ʿAbd Rabb, and wrote with him to the governor of Madinah that he should do what Shihāb commanded him. Shihāb entered upon ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUthmān in prison—he was a very old man, over eighty years of age, and had grown weary of the iron fetters and imprisonment—and said to him: Would you like me to deliver you from what you are in, if you sell me the house of al-Arqam? For the Commander of the Faithful wants it; and perhaps if you sell it to him, I might speak to him about you and he would pardon you. He said: It is a charitable endowment, but my share of it is his, and I have partners in it—my brothers and others. He said: You are only responsible for yourself; give us your share and you will be absolved. So he bore witness to him for his share, and wrote for him a purchase deed calculated at seventeen thousand dinars. Then he went after his brothers and tempted them with abundant money, and they sold it to him. Thus it became the property of Abū Jaʿfar and those to whom he granted it. Then al-Mahdī transferred it to al-Khayzurān, the mother of Mūsā and Hārūn, and she built on it and it became known by her. Then it became the property of Jaʿfar b. Mūsā, the Commander of the Faithful. [Then it was inhabited by the associates of al-Shaṭawī and al-ʿAdanī, then] most of it was purchased by Ghassān b. ʿAbbād from the descendants of Mūsā b. Jaʿfar. The scholars of biography said: Al-Arqam witnessed Badr and all the campaigns with the Messenger of God, and al-Arqam died in Madinah in this year at the age of eighty-seven. Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ prayed over him. Saḥbān b. Zufar b. Iyās b. ʿAbd Shams b. al-Aḥabb al-Bāhilī Saḥbān b. Zufar b. Iyās b. ʿAbd Shams b. al-Aḥabb al-Bāhilī: He was an eloquent orator whose eloquence was proverbial. He entered upon Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān while the orators of the tribes were with him; when they saw him, they departed, knowing their own shortcomings compared to him. Among his sayings: "The Yemeni tribe knows well that when I say 'Ammā baʿd,' I am its orator." Muʿāwiyah said to him: Deliver a speech. He said: Find me a staff to straighten my posture. They said: What will you do with it while you are in the presence of the Commander of the Faithful? He said: What Moses used to do with it while addressing his Lord. He took it and spoke from noon until nearly the afternoon prayer without clearing his throat, coughing, pausing, or beginning a topic without finishing it, and there still remained some of it. Muʿāwiyah said: The prayer! He said: The prayer is before you; are we not engaged in praise, glorification, admonition, awakening, reminder, promise, and threat? Muʿāwiyah said: You are the most eloquent of jinn and mankind. He said: And so are you. Faḍālah b. ʿUbayd b. Nāfidh b. Qays Faḍālah b. ʿUbayd b. Nāfidh b. Qays: He was a boy on the day the Messenger of God ﷺ arrived. He said: When the Messenger of God ﷺ came to Qubāʾ, we were boys gathering firewood. He sent us to our families and said: Say that your companion whom you await has come. We went out to our families and told them, and the people came. Faḍālah witnessed Uḥud, the Trench, and what came after, and was among those who pledged allegiance under the tree. Then he went to Syria and became a judge there during the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah. Qutham b. al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib Qutham b. al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib: He resembled the Messenger of God ﷺ. The Messenger of God ﷺ passed by him while he was playing, and carried him behind him. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib appointed him governor of Madinah, and he went out with Saʿīd b. ʿUthmān during the time of Muʿāwiyah, and was martyred at Samarqand. Kaʿb b. ʿAmr b. ʿAbbād, Abū al-Yusr Kaʿb b. ʿAmr b. ʿAbbād, Abū al-Yusr: He witnessed the ʿAqabah pledge and Badr, when he was twenty years old, and he witnessed all the campaigns with the Messenger of God ﷺ. He was short, stocky, and had a large belly. He was the one who captured al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib on the day of Badr. He died in Madinah in this year. Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ His name was Mālik b. Uhayb b. ʿAbd Manāf b. Zuhrah b. Kilāb, Abū Isḥāq al-Qurashī al-Zuhrī, one of the ten who were promised Paradise, and one of the six members of the consultative council whom the Messenger of God ﷺ was pleased with when he died. He embraced Islam early. They said: On the day he embraced Islam, he was seventeen years old. It is established from him in the "Ṣaḥīḥ" that he said: No one embraced Islam on the day I did, and I remained for seven days as a third of Islam. He was the one who founded Kufa as a garrison city and expelled the non-Arabs from it. He was one whose supplications were answered. He migrated, witnessed Badr and what followed, and was the first to shoot an arrow in the path of God. He was a courageous horseman, one of the commanders of the Messenger of God ﷺ. In the days of al-Ṣiddīq he was honored and of great status, and likewise in the days of ʿUmar. ʿUmar appointed him as his deputy over Kufa, and he was the one who conquered al-Madāʾin, and the battle of Jalūlāʾ took place under his command. He was a leader who was obeyed. ʿUmar dismissed him from Kufa not because of incapacity or betrayal, but for a benefit that appeared to ʿUmar in that matter. He mentioned him among the six of the consultative council. Then ʿUthmān appointed him over Kufa afterward, then dismissed him from it. From ʿAmr b. Dīnār, who said: Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ and Ibn ʿUmar witnessed Dūmat al-Jandal on the day of the two arbitrators. It is established in "Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim" that his son ʿUmar came to him while he was secluded among his camels and said: The people are contending over the leadership, and you are here? He said: O my son, I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: "God loves the servant who is self-sufficient, hidden, and pious." Ibn ʿAsākir said: Some scholars mentioned that his nephew Hāshim b. ʿUtbah b. Abī Waqqāṣ came to him and said: O uncle, here are a hundred thousand swords whose bearers see you as the most entitled of people to this matter. He said: I want from a hundred thousand swords one sword; if I strike a believer with it, it does nothing, and if I strike an unbeliever with it, it cuts. From Zakariyyā b. ʿAmr, that Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ came as a delegate to Muʿāwiyah, and stayed with him during the month of Ramadan, shortening the prayer and not fasting. Others said: Then he pledged allegiance to him; and Saʿd did not ask him for anything but that he gave it to him. Aḥmad said with his chain of transmission from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab, from Saʿd, who said: The Messenger of God ﷺ combined for me his father and mother on the day of Uḥud. In some narrations: "May my father and mother be your ransom." In another narration: He said: "Shoot, for you are the sturdy youth." Saʿīd said: Saʿd was an excellent archer. From Jābir b. Samurah, who said: The first of the people to shoot an arrow in the path of God was Saʿd, ؓ. From ʿAbd Allāh b. Shaddād: I heard ʿAlī say: I did not hear the Messenger of God ﷺ ransom anyone with his father and mother except Saʿd b. Mālik, and I heard him say to him on the day of Uḥud: "Shoot, Saʿd, may my father and mother be your ransom." From Ayyūb, that he heard ʿĀʾishah bt. Saʿd say: I am the daughter of the emigrant whom the Messenger of God ﷺ ransomed on the day of Uḥud with his father and mother. From ʿĀʾishah bt. Saʿd, from her father, who said: I saw myself shooting arrows on the day of Uḥud, and a white man with a handsome face whom I did not know would return them to me, until later I thought he was an angel. From Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ, who said: I saw on the right of the Messenger of God ﷺ and on his left on the day of Uḥud two men wearing white garments, fighting on his behalf with the fiercest fighting; I had not seen them before or after. From Saʿd, who said: I saw two men on the day of Badr fighting on behalf of the Messenger of God ﷺ; one on his right and the other on his left, and I saw him looking at one at one time and at the other at another time, out of joy for what God, Mighty and Majestic, had granted him victory. From ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd, who said: I, Saʿd, and ʿAmmār shared on the day of Badr in what we captured of the spoils. Saʿd brought two captives, while I and ʿAmmār brought nothing. From Ibn Masʿūd, who said: I saw Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ on the day of Badr fighting the fight of a horseman on foot. Mālik said, from Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd, that he heard ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀmir b. Rabīʿah say: ʿĀʾishah said: The Messenger of God ﷺ spent a night sleepless, then said: "Would that a righteous man would guard me tonight." She said: Then we heard the sound of weapons, and he said: "Who is this?" He said: I am Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ, I will guard you, O Messenger of God. She said: Then the Messenger of God ﷺ slept until I heard his snoring. From Anas b. Mālik, who said: While we were sitting with the Messenger of God ﷺ, he said: "Now a man from the people of Paradise will appear to you." Then Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ appeared, until the next day the Messenger of God ﷺ said the like of that. He said: Then Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ appeared in his previous manner, until the next day the Messenger of God ﷺ said the like of that, and he appeared in his manner. When the Messenger of God ﷺ rose, ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ got up and said: I have quarreled with my father and sworn not to enter upon him for three nights; if you see fit to shelter me with you until my oath is fulfilled, do so. Anas said: ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr claimed that he spent a night with him, until when it was near dawn, he did not get up that night for anything, except that when he turned over on his bed he remembered God and proclaimed His greatness, until he rose at dawn. When he prayed the obligatory prayer, he performed the ablution thoroughly and completely, then he would rise in the morning not fasting. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr said: I watched him for three nights and their days, and he did not exceed that, except that I did not hear him say anything but good. When the three nights had passed and I was about to belittle his deed, I said: There was no quarrel or estrangement between me and my father, but I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say that three times in three gatherings: "A man from the people of Paradise will appear to you." And you appeared on those three occasions, so I wanted to stay with you to see what your deed is and follow your example, but I did not see you perform much deed. So what has brought you to what the Messenger of God ﷺ said? He said: It is nothing but what you saw. He said: When I saw that, I turned away from him, and he called me when I turned away and said: It is nothing but what you saw, except that I do not find in myself any ill will toward any of the Muslims, nor do I intend evil for anyone, nor do I say it. He said: This is what has brought you there, and it is what I cannot do. It is established in "Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim" with his chain from Saʿd regarding the words of the Exalted: "And do not drive away those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His face" [al-Anʿām: 52]. It was revealed regarding six people, I and Ibn Masʿūd being among them. In another narration: God revealed regarding me: "And if they strive to make you associate with Me that of which you have no knowledge, do not obey them" [al-ʿAnkabūt: 8]. That was because when he embraced Islam, his mother abstained from food and drink for days, and he said to her: You know, by God, if you had a hundred souls and they left one by one, I would not abandon this religion of mine for anything; if you wish, eat, and if you wish, do not eat. Then this verse was revealed. As for the hadith of testifying to Paradise for the ten, it is established in the "Ṣaḥīḥ" from the hadith of Saʿīd b. Zayd, and it came in the hadith of Suhayl, from his father, from Abū Hurayrah in the story of Ḥirāʾ, in which Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ was mentioned among them. From Jābir, who said: We were with the Messenger of God ﷺ, and Saʿd approached, and the Messenger of God ﷺ said: "This is my maternal uncle; let a man show me his maternal uncle." Al-Tirmidhī narrated it. From ʿĀmir b. Saʿd, from his father, that the Messenger of God ﷺ came to visit him during the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage because of an illness that had become severe. I said: O Messenger of God, I have wealth and no one will inherit from me except a daughter; shall I give two-thirds of my wealth as charity? He said: "No." I said: Then half, O Messenger of God? He said: "No." I said: Then a third? He said: "A third, and a third is much. If you leave your heirs wealthy, it is better than leaving them poor, begging from people. And you will not spend any expenditure seeking thereby the face of God but that you will be rewarded for it, even what you put in your wife's mouth"—in another narration: even the morsel you put in your wife's mouth—I said: O Messenger of God, will I be left behind after my companions? He said: "You will not be left behind and then do a deed seeking thereby the face of God but that you will increase in degree and elevation by it. And perhaps you will be left behind until some people benefit by you and others are harmed by you." Then he said: "O God, complete for my companions their emigration, and do not turn them back on their heels; but the unfortunate one is Saʿd b. Khawlah." The Messenger of God ﷺ mourned for him because he died in Makkah. From ʿĀʾishah bt. Saʿd, from her father, and he mentioned something similar, and in it: He said: He placed his hand on his forehead and wiped his face, chest, and belly, and said: "O God, heal Saʿd and complete his emigration for him." Saʿd said: I have continued to imagine that I feel the coolness of his hand on my liver until this very hour. And from Bukayr b. al-Ashajj, who said: I asked ʿĀmir b. Saʿd about the saying of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Saʿd: "And perhaps you will remain, through whom some people will benefit, and others will be harmed by you." He said: Saʿd was appointed over Iraq, and he killed a people for apostasy, harming them, and he called upon a people to repent who had uttered rhymed speech like that of Musaylimah the Liar, and they repented, and so they benefited by him. And from Abū Umāmah, who said: We sat with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he reminded us and softened our hearts, and Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ wept, and he wept profusely, and said: Would that I had died. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O Saʿd, do you wish for death in my presence?" He repeated that three times, then said: "O Saʿd, if you were created for Paradise, then however long your life is, or however good your deeds are, it is better for you." And from Muṭʿim b. al-Miqdām and others, that Saʿd said: O Messenger of Allah, ask Allah to answer my supplication. He said: "Allah does not answer the supplication of a servant until he makes his food wholesome." He said: O Messenger of Allah, ask Allah to make my food wholesome. So he supplicated for him. They said: Saʿd used to be so scrupulous that if he found an ear of corn in his field, he would return it to where it had been taken from. And he was indeed one whose supplications were answered; he would scarcely supplicate for anything except that it was answered for him. The complaint of the people of Kufa about Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ Among the most famous of that is what is established in the two Ṣaḥīḥs by way of ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Jābir b. Samurah, that the people of Kufa complained about Saʿd to ʿUmar regarding everything, until they said: He does not pray well. Saʿd said: As for me, I do not fall short in praying with them the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ; I lengthen the first two units, and I shorten the last two. He said: That is what was thought of you, O Abū Isḥāq. And from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab, who said: A slave-girl of Saʿd, called Zabrāʾ, went out wearing a new shirt, and the wind exposed her, so ʿUmar struck her with the whip, and Saʿd came to prevent him, and ʿUmar struck him with the whip, so Saʿd went to supplicate against ʿUmar, and ʿUmar handed him the whip and said: Take retribution. So he pardoned ʿUmar. It is also narrated that there was some talk between Saʿd and Ibn Masʿūd, and Saʿd intended to supplicate against him, and Ibn Masʿūd feared, and began to hasten in flight. Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah said: On the day of al-Qādisiyyah, Saʿd was in command of the people, and he had been wounded, so he did not witness the day of victory, meaning the victory of al-Qādisiyyah. A man from Bajīlah said: Do you not see that Allah has made His religion prevail, while Saʿd is at the gate of al-Qādisiyyah, bandaged? We returned, and many women had become widows, but the women of Saʿd—there is not among them a widow. Saʿd said: O Allah, suffice me against his hand and his tongue. Then a stray arrow came and struck him, and he became mute and both his hands withered. And from ʿĀmir b. Saʿd, that Saʿd saw a group of people gathered around a man, and he put his head between two of them, and found that he was reviling ʿAlī, Ṭalḥah, and al-Zubayr. He forbade him from that, but he did not desist, so he said: I shall supplicate against you. The man said: Do you threaten me as if you were a prophet? Saʿd left, entered the house of the family of so-and-so, performed ablution, prayed two units, then raised his hands and said: O Allah, if You know that this man has reviled people for whom a prior good from You has preceded, and that his reviling them has angered You, then make him today a sign and a lesson. He said: Then a Bukhtī she-camel broke loose from the house of the family of so-and-so, and nothing could stop it until it entered among the crowds of people, and the people parted, and it took him between its legs, and it kept trampling him until he died. He said: I saw people hastening behind Saʿd, saying: Allah has answered your supplication, O Abū Isḥāq. And from Mīnā, the freedman of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf, that a woman used to look in upon Saʿd, and he forbade her, but she did not desist. One day she looked in while he was performing ablution, and he said: May your face be ugly. And her face turned to the back of her neck. Kathīr al-Nawwāʾ said, from ʿAbd Allāh b. Mulayl, who said: Saʿd entered upon Muʿāwiyah, and Muʿāwiyah said to him: What is the matter with you that you did not fight with us? He said: A dark wind passed over me, and I said: ‘akh, ‘akh (a word uttered to make a camel kneel). So I made my mount kneel until it cleared away from me; then I recognized the road and traveled on. Muʿāwiyah said: There is no ‘akh ‘akh in the Book of Allah, but Allah, exalted is He, said: "And if two parties of the believers fight, then make peace between them; but if one of them transgresses against the other, then fight the one that transgresses until it returns to the command of Allah" [al-Ḥujurāt: 9]. By Allah, I was not with the transgressing party against the just party, nor with the just party against the transgressing party. Saʿd said: I would not fight a man to whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "You are to me of the station of Hārūn to Mūsā, except that there is no prophet after me." Muʿāwiyah said: Who heard this with you? He said: So-and-so and so-and-so and Umm Salamah. Muʿāwiyah said: Indeed, if I had heard it from him ﷺ, I would not have fought ʿAlī. In another narration from a different chain, this conversation took place between them while they were in Madinah during a pilgrimage performed by Muʿāwiyah, and that they stood and went to Umm Salamah and asked her, and she related to them what Saʿd had related. Muʿāwiyah said: Had I heard this before this day, I would have been a servant to ʿAlī until he died or I died. And in the chain of this there is weakness. And Allah knows best. Muḥammad b. Sīrīn said: Saʿd went around to nine slave-girls in one night, and when he came to the tenth, sleep overtook him, and she was too shy to wake him. And among his fine words is that he said to his son Muṣʿab: O my son, if you seek something, seek it with contentment, for he who has no contentment will not be enriched by wealth. And from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, who said: My father's head was in my lap while he was dying, and I wept. He said: What makes you weep, O my son? By Allah, Allah will never punish me, and I am of the people of Paradise. Allah requites the believers for their good deeds, so work for Allah. As for the disbelievers, their good deeds lighten their punishment, and when they are exhausted, He says: Let every worker seek the reward of his work from the one for whom he worked. Al-Zuhrī said: When death came to Saʿd, he called for an old, worn jubbah and said: Shroud me in it, for I met the polytheists in it on the day of Badr, and I was keeping it for this day. Saʿd's death occurred at al-ʿAqīq, outside Madinah, and he was carried to Madinah on the shoulders of men, and Marwān prayed over him, and the remaining righteous Mothers of the Believers prayed along with his prayer, and he was buried in al-Baqīʿ. That was in this year—the year fifty-five—according to the well-known opinion held by the majority, and he had passed eighty, according to the correct view. ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī said: He was the last of the ten to die. Others said: He was the last of the Emigrants to die. ؓ And ؓ. Al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: In the year fifty. Abū Maʿshar, Abū Nuʿaym, and Qaʿnab b. al-Muḥarrir said: Saʿd died in the year fifty-eight. Qaʿnab said: In that year died al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī, ʿĀʾishah, and Umm Salamah. But the correct view is the first: fifty-five. They said: Saʿd was short, thick-set, with coarse fingers, snub-nosed, hairy-bodied, and he dyed with black. His inheritance was two hundred and fifty thousand.
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