Dalil
العربية

Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2021

The Caliphate of ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān

ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، أَبُو طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ  : شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ مَعَ السَّبْعِينَ، وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ. عَنْ أَنَسٍ: أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ كَانَ يَرْمِي بَيْنَ يَدَيِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ  ، وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ خَلْفَهُ يَتَتَرَّسُ بِهِ، وَكَانَ رَامِيًا، وَكَانَ إِذَا مَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ يَنْظُرُ أَيْنَ يَقَعُ سَهْمُهُ فَيَرْفَعُ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ رَأْسَهُ وَيَقُولُ: هَكَذَا بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي لَا يُصِيبُكَ سَهْمٌ، نَحْرِي دُونَ نَحْرِكَ. قَالَ: وَسَرَدَ الصَّوْمَ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً لَا يُفْطِرُ إِلَّا يَوْمَ فِطْرٍ أَوْ أَضْحَى أَوْ فِي مَرَضٍ. وَقَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالا فَقَالَ: جَهِّزُونِي، فَقَالَ بَنُوهُ: قَدْ غَزَوْتَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ وَنَحْنُ نَغْزُو عَنْكَ، فَقَالَ: جَهِّزُونِي. فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَمَاتَ، فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا لَهُ جَزِيرَةً إِلَّا بَعْدَ سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ، فَدَفَنُوهُ بِهَا وَلَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ. وَقِيلَ: مَاتَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ. وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً. سُوَيْدُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ الْيَرْبُوعِيُّ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ الْيَرْبُوعِيُّ، مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ  : عَنْ أَبِي حَيَّانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى سُوَيْدِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْخُطَطِ الَّذِينَ خَطَّ لَهُمْ عُمَرُ بِالْكُوفَةِ، فَإِذْ هُوَ مُنْكَبٌّ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ مُسَجًّى بِثَوْبٍ، فَلَوْلَا أَنَّ امْرَأَتَهُ قَالَتْ: أَهْلِي فِدَاؤُكَ، مَا نُطْعِمُكَ، مَا نَسْقِيكَ، مَا ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ تَحْتَ الثَّوْبِ شَيْئًا. فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي أَدْبَرَتِ الْحَرَاقِفُ وَالصُّلْبُ، فَمَا مِنْ ضَجْعَةٍ غَيْرَ مَا تَرَى، وَاللَّهِ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنِّي نَقَصْتُ مِنْهُ قُلَامَةَ ظُفْرٍ. قَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ: الْحُرْقُفَةُ، مُجْتَمَعُ رَأْسِ الْوَرِكِ وَرَأْسِ الْفَخِذَيْنِ. عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ جَبْرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَبُو عَبْسٍ [ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ جَبْرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، أَبُو عَبْسٍ  : كَانَ هُوَ وَأَبُو بُرْدَةَ بْنُ نَيَّارٍ حِينَ أَسْلَمَا يَكْسِرَانِ أَصْنَامَ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ. وَشَهِدَ أَبُو عَبْسٍ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ فِيمَنْ قَتَلَ كَعْبَ بْنَ الْأَشْرَفِ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ يَبْعَثَانِهِ يَصْدُقُ النَّاسَ. وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ، وَدُفِنَ بِالْبَقِيعِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً]. عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ  : عن عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ يُسَمِّي النُّقَبَاءَ، فَسَمَّى عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ فِيهِمْ. قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: عُبَادَةُ عَقِبِيٌّ، أُحُدِيٌّ، بَدْرِيٌّ، شَجَرِيٌّ، وَهُوَ نَقِيبٌ، تُوُفِّيَ بِالرَّمْلَةِ بِالشَّامِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ سَنَةً. عَوْفُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَوْفُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا عَبَّادٍ، وَيُلَقَّبُ مِسْطَحًا:   شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سِتٍّ وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً. أَبُو رُهْمٍ الْغِفَارِيُّ كُلْثُومُ بْنُ الْحُصَيْنِ، أَبُو رُهْمٍ الْغِفَارِيُّ  : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، قَالَ: أَسْلَمَ أَبُو رُهْمٍ بَعْدَ قُدُومِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَشَهِدَ مَعَهُ أُحُدًا، فَرُمِيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِسَهْمٍ فَوَقَعَ فِي نَحْرِهِ، فَجَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَصَقَ عَلَيْهِ فَبَرَأَ، وَكَانَ يُسَمَّى الْمَنْحُورَ. قَالَ: وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو: بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَسِيرُ مِنِ الطَّائِفِ إِلَى الْجِعْرَانَةِ وَأَبُو رُهْمٍ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ، وَفِي رِجْلَيْهِ نَعْلَانِ غَلِيظَانِ إِذْ زَحَمَتْ نَاقَتُهُ نَاقَةَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَبُو رُهْمٌ: فَوَقَعَ حَرْفُ نَعْلِي عَلَى سَاقِهِ فَأَوْجَعَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَوْجَعْتَنِي أَخِّرْ رِجْلَكَ" وَقَرَعَ رِجْلِي بِالسَّوْطِ، فَأَخَذَنِي مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ أَمْرِي وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ، وَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِيَّ قُرْآنٌ عَظِيمٌ مِمَّا صَنَعْتُ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا بِالْجِعْرَانَةِ خَرَجْتُ أَرْعَى الظَّهْرَ وَمَا هُوَ يَوْمِي فَرَقًا أَنْ يَأْتِيَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ [رَسُولٌ] يَطْلُبُنِي، فَلَمَّا رَوَّحْتُ الرِّكَابَ سَأَلْتُ، فَقَالُوا: طَلَبَكَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ، فَقُلْتُ: إِحْدَاهُنَّ وَاللَّهِ، فَجِئْتُهُ وَأَنَا أَتَرَقَّبُ، فَقَالَ: "إِنَّكَ أَوْجَعْتَنِي بِرِجْلِكَ فَقَرَعْتُكَ بِالسَّوْطِ وَأَوْجَعْتُكَ فَخُذْ هَذِهِ الْغَنَمَ عِوَضًا مِنْ ضَرْبَتِي" قَالَ: فَرِضَاهُ عَنِّي كَانَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا. قَالَ: وَبَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ يَسْتَنْفِرُهُمْ حِينَ أَرَادَ تَبُوكًا. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: حَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ عُثْمَانُ، وَحَجَّ أَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَعَهُ كَمَا فَعَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ.

Translation

✧ Mention of Those Who Died in This Year Abū Ṭalḥah al-Anṣārī Zayd b. Sahl b. al-Aswad, Abū Ṭalḥah al-Anṣārī: He witnessed al-ʿAqabah with the seventy, and all the battles with the Prophet ﷺ. From Anas: Abū Ṭalḥah used to shoot in front of the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Uḥud, while the Prophet ﷺ was behind him using him as a shield. He was an archer, and whenever he raised his head to see where his arrow fell, Abū Ṭalḥah would raise his head and say: “Thus, may my father and mother be your ransom; no arrow should hit you. My neck is before your neck.” He said: He fasted continuously after the death of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for forty years, breaking his fast only on the day of Fiṭr, or Aḍḥā, or during illness. And he recited this verse: “Go forth, light and heavy” and said: “Equip me.” His sons said: “You have campaigned with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and with Abū Bakr and ʿUmar ؓ, and we will campaign on your behalf.” He said: “Equip me.” So he rode the sea and died. They did not find an island for him until after seven days, and they buried him there, and he had not changed. It was also said: He died in Madinah, and ʿUthmān prayed over him, and he was seventy years old. Suwayd b. Shuʿbah al-Yarbūʿī Suwayd b. Shuʿbah al-Yarbūʿī, from Banū Tamīm: From Abū Ḥayyān al-Taymī, from his father, who said: I entered upon Suwayd b. Shuʿbah, who was one of the companions of the plots that ʿUmar allotted for them in Kufa. He was lying face down, covered with a cloth. Were it not that his wife said: “My family be your ransom; we do not feed you, we do not give you drink,” I would not have thought there was anything under the cloth. When he saw me, he said: “O son of my brother, the hip bones and the backbone have wasted away, and there is no position other than what you see. By Allah, I would not like to have lost from it even a fingernail paring.” Al-Aṣmaʿī said: Al-ḥurqufah is the meeting point of the head of the hip bone and the head of the two thighs. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Jabr b. ʿAmr, Abū ʿAbs [ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Jabr b. ʿAmr, Abū ʿAbs: He and Abū Burdah b. Niyār, when they accepted Islam, used to break the idols of Banū Ḥārithah. Abū ʿAbs witnessed Badr and all the battles with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he was among those who killed Kaʿb b. al-Ashraf. ʿUmar and ʿUthmān used to send him to assess the zakāt of the people. He died in this year in Madinah, and ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān ؓ prayed over him, and he was buried in al-Baqīʿ, being seventy years old.] ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit: From ʿAbd Allāh b. Aḥmad, my father narrated to me, he said: I heard Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah naming the Nuqabāʾ, and he named ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit among them. Sufyān said: ʿUbādah was an ʿAqabī, an Uḥudī, a Badrī, a Shajarī, and he was a Naqīb. He died in al-Ramlah in Syria in this year, and he was seventy-two years old. ʿAwf b. Uthāthah b. ʿUbādah b. al-Muṭṭalib ʿAwf b. Uthāthah b. ʿUbādah b. al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Manāf, whose kunyah is Abū ʿAbbād, and who was nicknamed Misṭaḥ: He witnessed Badr and all the battles with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he died in this year, being fifty-six years old. Abū Ruhm al-Ghifārī Kulthūm b. al-Ḥuṣayn, Abū Ruhm al-Ghifārī: Muḥammad b. Saʿd narrated to us, he said: Abū Ruhm accepted Islam after the arrival of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Madinah, and he witnessed Uḥud with him. On that day he was struck by an arrow that landed in his throat. He came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who spat on it and he was healed, and he was called al-Manḥūr (the one whose throat was struck). He said: Muḥammad b. ʿAmr said: While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was traveling from al-Ṭāʾif to al-Jiʿrānah, Abū Ruhm was at his side on a camel of his, wearing two thick sandals on his feet, when his camel jostled the camel of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abū Ruhm said: The edge of my sandal struck his shin and hurt him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “You have hurt me; move your foot back,” and he struck my foot with a whip. I was seized by what had passed of my affair and what was to come, and I feared that a mighty Qurʾān might be revealed concerning me because of what I had done. When we reached al-Jiʿrānah in the morning, I went out to graze the riding camels, though it was not my day, out of fear that a messenger might come to the Prophet ﷺ seeking me. When I brought the camels back, I asked, and they said: “The Prophet ﷺ has asked for you.” I said: “One of them, by Allah.” So I came to him while I was apprehensive. He said: “You hurt me with your foot, so I struck you with the whip and hurt you. Take these sheep as compensation for my strike.” He said: His being pleased with me was dearer to me than the world and all that is in it. He said: The Prophet ﷺ sent him to his people to call them to arms when he intended Tabūk. Mention of Several Events In this year: ʿUthmān led the people in the Ḥajj, and the wives of the Prophet ﷺ performed the Ḥajj with him, as ʿUmar ؓ had done.

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