Tarikh (al-Tabari) 198
The story of Moses the one who spoke with Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)
دَخَلَ رُءُوسُ الْقِبْطِ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَكَلَّمُوهُ، وَقَالُوا: إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ وَقَعَ فِيهِمُ الْمَوْتُ فَيُوشِكُ أَنْ يَقَعَ الْعَمَلُ عَلَى غِلْمَانِنَا، تَذْبَحُ الصِّغَارَ وَتُفْنِي الْكِبَارَ، فَلَوْ أَنَّكَ كَتَبْتَ تُبْقِي مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِمْ، فَأَمَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ بِقَتْلِ الْأَبْنَاءِ عَامًا، وَأَنْ يُتْرَكُوا عَامًا، فَوُلِدَ هَارُونُ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فِي عَامِ الْمُسَامَحَةِ عَنْ قَتْلِ الْأَبْنَاءِ، وَوُلِدَ مُوسَى، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فِي عَامِ قَتْلِهِمْ، وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: بَيْنَهُمَا ثَلَاثُ سِنِينَ. قَالَ وَهْبٌ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ ذَبَحَ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ وَلِيدٍ فَضَاقَتْ أُمُّهُ بِهِ ذَرْعًا، وَاحْتَرَزَتْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَا حَبِلَتْ بِهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَظْهَرُ عَلَيْهَا مَخَايِلُ الْحَبَلِ، وَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ بِوِلَادَتِهَا إِلَّا أُخْتُهُ مَرْيَمُ، فَكَتَمَتْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ. فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْ أُلْهِمَتْ أَنِ اتَّخَذَتْ لَهُ تَابُوتًا، فَرَبَطَتْهُ فِي حَبْلٍ، وَكَانَتْ دَارُهَا مُتَاخِمَةً لِلنِّيلِ، فَكَانَتْ تُرْضِعُهُ، فَإِذَا خَشِيَتْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ وَضَعَتْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ التَّابُوتِ فَأَرْسَلَتْهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ، وَأَمْسَكَتْ طَرَفَ الْحَبْلِ عِنْدَهَا، فَإِذَا ذَهَبُوا اسْتَرْجَعَتْهُ إِلَيْهَا بِهِ. قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى أُمِّ مُوسَى أَنْ أَرْضِعِيهِ فَإِذَا خِفْتِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَلْقِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ وَلَا تَخَافِي وَلَا تَحْزَنِي إِنَّا رَادُّوهُ إِلَيْكِ وَجَاعِلُوهُ مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ هَذَا الْوَحْيُ وَحَيُّ إِلْهَامٍ وَإِرْشَادٍ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَأَوْحَى رَبُّكَ إِلَى النَّحْلِ أَنِ اتَّخِذِي مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا وَمِنَ الشَّجَرِ وَمِمَّا يَعْرِشُونَ ثُمَّ كُلِي مِنْ كُلِ الثَّمَرَاتِ فَاسْلُكِي سُبُلَ رَبِّكِ ذُلُلًا [ النَّحْلِ: 68، 69 ]. وَلَيْسَ هُوَ بِوَحْيِ نُبُوَّةٍ ; كَمَا زَعَمَهُ ابْنُ حَزْمٍ، وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ، بَلِ الصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ، كَمَا حَكَاهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مَذْهَبِ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ وَالْجَمَاعَةِ. قَالَ السُّهَيْلِيُّ: وَاسْمُ أُمِّ مُوسَى يَاوِخُ وَقِيلَ: أَيَاذَخْتُ. وَالْمَقْصُودُ أَنَّهَا أُرْشِدَتْ إِلَى هَذَا الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ، وَأُلْقِيَ فِي خَلَدِهَا وَرُوعِهَا أَنْ لَا تَخَافِي وَلَا تَحْزَنِي، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ ذَهَبَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْكِ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيَجْعَلُهُ نَبِيًّا مُرْسَلًا، يُعْلِي كَلِمَتَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ، فَكَانَتْ تَصْنَعُ مَا أُمِرَتْ بِهِ.
Translation
✧ The chiefs of the Copts entered upon Pharaoh and spoke to him, saying: 'Death has befallen these people, and it is likely that work will fall upon our young men. You slaughter the young and destroy the old. If only you would decree to spare some of their children.' So Pharaoh commanded the killing of sons one year and that they be left alone another year. Aaron ﷺ was born in the year of amnesty from killing the sons, and Moses ﷺ was born in the year of killing them. Some said: Between them are three years. Wahb said: It reached me that he slaughtered seventy thousand newborn boys, and his mother was at her wits' end because of him. She guarded herself from the first moment she conceived him, and no signs of pregnancy appeared upon her. None knew of her giving birth except his sister Maryam, and she concealed him for three months. When she gave birth, she was inspired to make for him a chest, and she tied it to a rope. Her house was adjacent to the Nile, and she would nurse him. When she feared anyone, she would place him in that chest and send it into the river, holding the end of the rope with her. When they went away, she would draw him back to her by it. Allah, exalted is He, said: 'And We inspired to the mother of Moses, "Suckle him; and when you fear for him, cast him into the river and do not fear and do not grieve. Indeed, We will return him to you and will make him one of the messengers."' This inspiration is an inspiration of guidance and direction, as He, exalted is He, said: 'And your Lord inspired to the bee, "Take for yourself among the mountains, houses, and among the trees and that which they construct. Then eat from all the fruits and follow the ways of your Lord laid down [for you]."' [An-Naḥl: 68, 69]. It is not an inspiration of prophethood, as Ibn Ḥazm and more than one of the theologians claimed. Rather, the correct view is the first, as Abū al-Ḥasan al-Ashʿarī related from the doctrine of the Sunnis and the community. Al-Suhaylī said: The name of Moses' mother is Yāwikh, and it is said: Ayādhakht. The point is that she was directed to this that we have mentioned, and it was cast into her mind and her heart that she should not fear and not grieve, for if he goes away, Allah will return him to you, and Allah will make him a sent prophet, raising His word in this world and the hereafter. So she did what she was commanded.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.