Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1817
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. أَعْنِي سَنَةَ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ ، مِنَ الْأَعْيَانِ وَالْمَشَاهِيرِ، وَذَكَرْنَا مَعَهُمْ مَنْ قُتِلَ بِالْيَمَامَةِ ; لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ فِي سَنَةِ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ عَلَى قَوْلِ بَعْضِهِمْ، وَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَشْهُورُ أَنَّهَا فِي رَبِيعٍ سَنَةَ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ. وفاة رسول الله ﷺ تُوُفِّيَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، سَيِّدُ وَلَدِ آدَمَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ، وَذَلِكَ فِي رَبِيعِهَا الْأَوَّلِ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ ثَانِيَ عَشْرِهِ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ، كَمَا قَدَّمْنَا بَيَانَهُ وَبَعْدَهُ بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهَرٍ - عَلَى الْأَشْهَرِ - وفاة فاطمة بنت رسول الله ﷺ تُوُفِّيَتِ ابْنَتُهُ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الْخَزْرَجِيُّ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ خَطِيبُ الْأَنْصَارِ، وَيُقَالُ لَهُ أَيْضًا: خَطِيبُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ. وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ عَنْهُ، عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ، أَنَّهُ بَشَّرَهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَأَنَّهُ بَشَّرَهُ بِالشَّهَادَةِ - وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ الْحَدِيثُ فِي دَلَائِلِ النُّبُوَّةِ - فَقُتِلَ يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ شَهِيدًا ، وَكَانَتْ رَايَةُ الْأَنْصَارِ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِيَدِهِ. وَرَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ بِإِسْنَادٍ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ . وَقَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ: بإسناده عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ قَالَ: قَدَمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَسَأَلْتُ عَمَّنْ يُحَدِّثُنِي بِحَدِيثِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ، فَأَرْشَدُونِي إِلَى ابْنَتِهِ، فَسَأَلْتُهَا، فَقَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ: لَمَّا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ [ لُقْمَانَ: 18 ]. اشْتَدَّتْ عَلَى ثَابِتٍ وَغَلَّقَ عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ، وَطَفِقَ يَبْكِي، فَأُخْبِرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَسَأَلَهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا كَبُرَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا، وَقَالَ: أَنَا رَجُلٌ أُحِبُّ الْجَمَالَ، وَأَنَا أَسَوَدُ قَوْمِي. فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ مِنْهُمْ، بَلْ تَعِيشُ بِخَيْرٍ وَتَمُوتُ بِخَيْرٍ، وَيُدْخِلُكَ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ . فَلَمَّا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ وَلَا تَجْهَرُوا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ [ الْحُجُرَاتِ: 2 ]. فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا كَبُرَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا، وَأَنَّهُ جَهِيرُ الصَّوْتِ، وَأَنَّهُ يَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِمَّنْ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ مِنْهُمْ؛ بَلْ تَعِيشُ حَمِيدًا، وَتُقْتَلُ شَهِيدًا، وَيُدْخِلُكَ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ. فَلَمَّا اسْتَنْفَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ وَالْيَمَامَةِ وَمُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ، سَارَ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فِيمَنْ سَارَ، فَلَمَّا لَقُوا مُسَيْلِمَةَ وَبَنِي حَنِيفَةَ هَزَمُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، فَقَالَ ثَابِتٌ وَسَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ: مَا هَكَذَا كُنَّا نُقَاتِلُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَجَعَلَا لِأَنْفُسِهِمَا حُفْرَةً فَدَخَلَا فِيهَا، فَقَاتَلَا حَتَّى قُتِلَا. قَالَتْ: وَأُرِيَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثَابِتَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ فِي مَنَامِهِ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَمَّا قُتِلْتُ بِالْأَمْسِ مَرَّ بِي رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَانْتَزَعَ مِنِّي دِرْعًا نَفِيسَةً، وَمَنْزِلُهُ فِي أَقْصَى الْعَسْكَرِ، وَعِنْدَ مَنْزِلِهِ فَرَسٌ يَسْتَنُّ فِي طُولِهِ، وَقَدْ أَكْفَأَ عَلَى الدِّرْعِ بُرْمَةً، وَجَعَلَ فَوْقَ الْبُرْمَةِ رَحْلًا، وَائْتِ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ،، فَلْيَبْعَثْ إِلَى دِرْعِي فَلْيَأْخُذْهَا، فَإِذَا قَدِمْتَ عَلَى خَلِيفَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَعْلِمْهُ أَنَّ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ كَذَا، وَلِي مِنَ الْمَالِ كَذَا، وَفُلَانٌ مِنْ رَقِيقِي عَتِيقٌ، وَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ: هَذَا حُلْمٌ، فَتُضَيِّعَهُ. قَالَ: فَأَتَى خَالِدًا فَوَجَّهَ إِلَى الدِّرْعِ فَوَجَدَهَا كَمَا ذَكَرَ، وَقَدِمَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَأَنَفَذَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَصِيَّتَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ، فَلَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا جَازَتْ وَصِيَّتُهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا ثَابِتَ بْنَ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ . وَلِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَهَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ شَوَاهِدُ أُخَرُ حَزْنُ بْنُ أَبِي وَهْبِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَائِذِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ وَمِنْهُمْ حَزْنُ بْنُ أَبِي وَهْبِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَائِذِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، لَهُ هِجْرَةٌ، وَيُقَالُ: أَسْلَمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ. وَهُوَ جَدُّ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَهُ سَهْلًا فَامْتَنَعَ وَقَالَ: لَا أُغَيِّرُ اسْمًا سَمَّانِيهِ أَبَوَايَ. قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: فَلَمْ تَزَلِ الْحُزُونَةُ فِينَا. اسْتُشْهِدَ يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ وَقُتِلَ مَعَهُ أَيْضًا ابْنَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَوَهْبٌ، وَابْنُ ابْنِهِ حَكِيمُ بْنُ وَهْبِ بْنِ حَزْنٍ. دَاذَوَيْهِ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَمِمَّنِ اسْتُشْهِدَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ دَاذَوَيْهِ الْفَارِسِيُّ ، أَحَدُ أُمَرَاءِ الْيَمَنِ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا الْأَسْوَدَ الْعَنْسِيَّ، قَتَلَهُ غِيلَةً قَيْسُ بْنُ مَكْشُوحٍ حِينَ ارْتَدَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ قَيْسٌ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، فَلَمَّا عَنَّفَهُ الصِّدِّيقُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ أَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ، فَقَبِلَ عَلَانِيَتَهُ وَإِسْلَامَهُ. زَيْدُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ الْعَدَوِيُّ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ وَمِنْهُمْ مُسَيْلِمَةُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ الْيَمَامِيُّ الْكَذَّابُ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ. قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَافِدًا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَعَ قَوْمِهِ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ، وَقَدْ وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَمِعَهُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: إِنْ جَعَلَ لِي مُحَمَّدٌ الْأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ اتَّبَعْتُهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: لَوْ سَأَلْتَنِي هَذَا الْعُودَ - لِعُرْجُونٍ فِي يَدِهِ - مَا أَعْطَيْتُكَهُ، وَلَئِنْ أَدْبَرْتَ لَيَعْقِرَنَّكَ اللَّهُ، وَإِنِّي لَأَرَاكَ الَّذِي أُرِيتُ فِيهِ مَا أُرِيَتُ. وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ رَأَى فِي الْمَنَامِ كَأَنَّ فِي يَدِهِ سُوَارَيْنِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، فَأَهَمَّهُ شَأْنُهُمَا، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنِ انْفُخْهُمَا، فَنَفَخَهُمَا فَطَارَا، فَأَوَّلَهُمَا بِكَذَّابَيْنِ يَخْرُجَانِ، وَهُمَا صَاحِبُ صَنْعَاءَ وَصَاحِبُ الْيَمَامَةِ. وَهَكَذَا وَقَعَ فَإِنَّهُمَا ذَهَبَا وَذَهَبَ أَمْرُهُمَا ; أَمَّا الْأَسْوَدُ فَذُبِحَ فِي دَارِهِ، وَأَمَّا مُسَيْلِمَةُ فَعَقَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيْ وَحْشِيِّ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، رَمَاهُ بِالْحَرْبَةِ، فَأَنْفَذَهُ كَمَا تُعْقَرُ الْإِبِلُ، وَضَرَبَهُ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَفَلَقَهُ، وَذَلِكَ بِعُقْرِ دَارِهِ فِي الْحَدِيقَةِ الَّتِي يُقَالُ لَهَا: حَدِيقَةُ الْمَوْتِ. وَقَدْ وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَهُوَ طَرِيحٌ، أَرَاهُ إِيَّاهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْقَتْلَى مُجَّاعَةُ بْنُ مُرَارَةَ، وَيُقَالُ: كَانَ أُصَيْفَرَ أُخَيْنِسَ. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ ضَخْمًا أَسْمَرَ اللَّوْنِ كَأَنَّهُ جَمَلٌ أَوْرَقُ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ مَاتَ وَعُمُرُهُ مِائَةٌ وَأَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ قُتِلَ قَبْلَهُ وَزِيرَاهُ وَمُسْتَشَارَاهُ، لَعَنَهُمَا اللَّهُ، وَهَمَا مُحَكَّمُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ: مُحَكَّمُ الْيَمَامَةِ. قَتَلَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، رَمَاهُ بِسَهْمٍ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ قَوْمَهُ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِمَصَالِحِ حَرْبِهِمْ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَالْآخَرُ نَهَارُ بْنُ عُنْفُوَةَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ: الرَّجَّالُ بْنُ عُنْفُوَةَ، وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ أَسْلَمَ، ثُمَّ ارْتَدَّ وَصَدَّقَ مُسَيْلِمَةَ، لَعَنَهُمَا اللَّهُ، وَشَهِدَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَذْكُرُ لَهُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أُشْرِكَ فِي الْأَمْرِ مَعَهُ، وَقَدْ كَذَبَ الرَّجَّالُ، لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ، فِي هَذِهِ الشَّهَادَةِ، وَقَدْ رَزَقَ اللَّهُ زَيْدَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَتْلَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ زَيْدٌ، ؓ. وَمِمَّا يَدُلُّ عَلَى كَذِبِ الرَّجَّالِ فِي هَذِهِ الشَّهَادَةِ الضَّرُورَةُ فِي دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَمَا رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ أَنَّ مُسَيْلِمَةَ، لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ، كَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، مِنْ مُسَيْلِمَةَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ، أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنِّي قَدْ أُشْرِكْتُ فِي الْأَمْرِ مَعَكَ، فَلَكَ الْمَدَرُ وَلِيَ الْوَبَرُ. وَيُرْوَى: فَلَكُمْ نِصْفُ الْأَرْضِ وَلَنَا نِصْفُهَا، وَلَكِنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَوْمٌ يَعْتَدُونَ. فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَى مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ، سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى، أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ، وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ. وقد قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: صَلَاتِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ قَالَ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ وَلَمْ يُوحَ إِلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ قَالَ سَأُنْزِلُ مِثْلَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذِ الظَّالِمُونَ فِي غَمَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَاسِطُو أَيْدِيهِمْ أَخْرِجُوا أَنْفُسَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ غَيْرَ الْحَقِّ وَكُنْتُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِهِ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ [ الْأَنْعَامِ: 93 ]. فَمُسَيْلِمَةُ وَالْأَسْوَدُ وَأَمْثَالُهُمَا، لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ، أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ دُخُولًا فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ الْكَرِيمَةِ، وَأَوْلَاهُمْ بِهَذِهِ الْعُقُوبَةِ الْعَظِيمَةِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of those who died in this year. I mean the year eleven, among the notables and famous ones, and we mentioned with them those who were killed at al-Yamāmah, because it was in the year eleven according to the saying of some of them, even though the well-known view is that it was in Rabīʿ of the year twelve. The death of the Messenger of God ﷺ In it died the Messenger of God ﷺ Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh, the master of the children of Adam in this world and the hereafter, and that was in its first Rabīʿ, on Monday, the twelfth of it according to the well-known view, as we have already explained. And six months after him—according to the more widely held view— The death of Fāṭimah bt. the Messenger of God ﷺ his daughter Fāṭimah died. Thābit b. Qays b. Shammās al-Anṣārī al-Khazrajī, Abū Muḥammad, the orator of the Anṣār, and he is also called: the orator of the Prophet ﷺ. It is established from him, peace and blessings be upon him, that he gave him glad tidings of Paradise and that he gave him glad tidings of martyrdom—the hadith has already been mentioned in the proofs of prophethood—and he was killed on the day of al-Yamāmah as a martyr, and the banner of the Anṣār that day was in his hand. Al-Tirmidhī narrated with a chain of transmission meeting the conditions of Muslim, from Abū Hurayrah, that the Messenger of God said: What an excellent man is Thābit b. Qays b. Shammās. Abū al-Qāsim al-Ṭabarānī said: with his chain of transmission from ʿAṭāʾ al-Khurāsānī who said: I came to al-Madīnah and asked about someone who would relate to me the hadith of Thābit b. Qays b. Shammās, and they directed me to his daughter. I asked her, and she said: I heard my father say: When it was revealed to the Messenger of God ﷺ: “Indeed, God does not love any arrogant boaster” [Luqmān: 18], it weighed heavily upon Thābit, and he locked his door and began to weep. The Messenger of God ﷺ was informed, so he asked him and he told him what had distressed him about it, and said: I am a man who loves beauty, and I am the chief of my people. He said: You are not one of them; rather, you will live well and die well, and God will admit you to Paradise. When it was revealed to the Messenger of God ﷺ: “O you who believe, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak loudly to him in speech” [al-Ḥujurāt: 2], he did the same, and the Prophet ﷺ was informed, so he sent for him, and he told him what distressed him about it, and that he had a loud voice, and that he feared he might be among those whose deeds have become worthless. He said: You are not one of them; rather, you will live praiseworthy, and you will be killed as a martyr, and God will admit you to Paradise. When Abū Bakr summoned the Muslims against the people of apostasy and al-Yamāmah and Musaylimah the liar, Thābit b. Qays marched among those who marched. When they met Musaylimah and Banū Ḥanīfah, they routed the Muslims three times, and Thābit and Sālim, the client of Abū Ḥudhayfah, said: This is not how we used to fight alongside the Messenger of God ﷺ. So they dug a pit for themselves and entered it, and fought until they were killed. She said: A man among the Muslims saw Thābit b. Qays in a dream and said: When I was killed yesterday, a man among the Muslims passed by me and took from me a precious coat of mail. His dwelling is at the far edge of the army, and by his dwelling there is a horse prancing in its tether, and he has overturned a cooking pot over the coat of mail and placed a saddle over the pot. Go to Khālid b. al-Walīd and let him send for my coat of mail and take it. And when you come to the successor of the Messenger of God ﷺ, inform him that I owe such-and-such a debt, and I have such-and-such property, and so-and-so among my slaves is free. And beware lest you say: This is a dream, and thus lose it. He said: He came to Khālid, and he sent for the coat of mail and found it as he had described. Then he came to Abū Bakr and informed him, and Abū Bakr carried out his will after his death. We do not know of anyone whose will was executed after his death except Thābit b. Qays b. Shammās. This hadith and this story have other corroborating reports. Ḥazn b. Abī Wahb b. ʿAmr b. ʿĀʾidh b. ʿImrān al-Makhzūmī Among them was Ḥazn b. Abī Wahb b. ʿAmr b. ʿĀʾidh b. ʿImrān al-Makhzūmī. He made the emigration, and it is also said that he became Muslim in the year of the conquest. He was the grandfather of Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab. The Messenger of God ﷺ wanted to name him Sahl, but he refused and said: I will not change a name my parents gave me. Saʿīd said: Roughness has remained among us ever since. He was martyred on the day of al-Yamāmah, and with him were also killed his two sons ʿAbd al-Raḥmān and Wahb, and his grandson Ḥakīm b. Wahb b. Ḥazn. Dādhawayh al-Fārisī Among those who were martyred in this year was Dādhawayh al-Fārisī, one of the commanders of Yemen who killed al-Aswad al-ʿAnsī. Qays b. Makshūḥ killed him treacherously when he apostatized before Qays returned to Islam. When al-Ṣiddīq rebuked him for killing him, he denied it, and he accepted his outward conduct and his Islam. Zayd b. al-Khaṭṭāb b. Nufayl al-Qurashī al-ʿAdawī, Abū Muḥammad Among them was Musaylimah b. Ḥabīb al-Ḥanafī al-Yamāmī, the liar, may God curse him. He came to al-Madīnah as a delegate to the Messenger of God ﷺ with his people Banū Ḥanīfah. The Messenger of God ﷺ stood by him and heard him saying: If Muḥammad appoints me to the affair after him, I will follow him. He said to him: If you asked me for this stick—referring to a palm branch in his hand—I would not give it to you. And if you turn away, God will surely hamstring you. I see you as the one about whom I was shown what I was shown. The Messenger of God ﷺ had seen in a dream as if there were two bracelets of gold in his hand, and their matter concerned him, so God revealed to him in the dream to blow on them, and he blew on them and they flew away. He interpreted them as two liars who would appear, namely the man of Ṣanʿāʾ and the man of al-Yamāmah. And so it happened, for they both passed away and their affairs passed away. As for al-Aswad, he was slaughtered in his house, and as for Musaylimah, God hamstrung him at the hands of Waḥshī b. Ḥarb, who struck him with a short spear and ran him through as camels are hamstrung, and Abū Dujānah struck him on the head and split it. That was in the courtyard of his house in the garden called the Garden of Death. Khālid b. al-Walīd stood over him while he was thrown down; Mujjāʿah b. Murārah pointed him out to him among the slain. It is said that he was small, dark-complexioned, snub-nosed. It is also said that he was huge, dark-brown in color, as if he were a gray camel. It is said that he died at the age of one hundred and forty years, but God knows best. Before him were killed his two viziers and counselors, may God curse them both: Muḥakkam b. al-Ṭufayl, who is called Muḥakkam of al-Yamāmah. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Abī Bakr killed him, shooting him with an arrow while he was addressing his people, urging them to the good conduct of their war, and he killed him. The other was Nahār b. ʿUnfuwah, who is called al-Rajjāl b. ʿUnfuwah. He was among those who became Muslim, then apostatized and believed Musaylimah, may God curse them both, and testified for him that he had heard the Prophet ﷺ mention that he had been made a partner in the affair with him. Al-Rajjāl, may God curse him, lied in this testimony, and God granted Zayd b. al-Khaṭṭāb the killing of him before Zayd himself was killed, ؓ. Among what proves the lying of al-Rajjāl in this testimony is the necessity of the religion of Islam, and what al-Bukhārī and others narrated, that Musaylimah, may God curse him, wrote to the Messenger of God ﷺ: In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. From Musaylimah, the Messenger of God, to Muḥammad, the Messenger of God. Peace be upon you. To proceed: I have been made a partner in the affair with you. To you belongs the settled land and to me the desert. In another version: To you belongs half the earth and to us half of it, but Quraysh are a people who transgress. So the Messenger of God ﷺ wrote to him: In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. From Muḥammad, the Messenger of God, to Musaylimah the liar. Peace be upon him who follows guidance. To proceed: The earth belongs to God; He gives it as inheritance to whomever He wills of His servants, and the outcome is for the God-fearing. God, exalted be He, has said: “They maintain their prayers. And who is more unjust than one who fabricates a lie against God or says: It has been revealed to me, when nothing has been revealed to him, and who says: I will send down the like of what God has sent down. If you could but see when the wrongdoers are in the throes of death and the angels stretch out their hands: Bring out your souls! Today you will be recompensed with the punishment of humiliation for what you used to say against God without right, and for being arrogant toward His signs” [al-Anʿām: 93]. Musaylimah and al-Aswad and their like, may God curse them, are the most deserving of people to enter into this noble verse, and the most entitled to this great punishment.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.