Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1766
The illness of the Prophet ﷺ and his death
عِظَمِ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَمَا نَزَلَ بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ بِمَوْتِهِ ﷺ وَالظُّلْمَةِ الَّتِي غَشِيَتِ الْمَدِينَةَ وَتَغَيَّرِ قُلُوبِ النَّاسِ وَأَحْوَالِهِمْ رَوَى ابْنُ مَاجَهْ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: فَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَابًا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَوْ كَشَفَ سِتْرًا فَإِذَا النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ وَرَاءَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا رَأَى مِنْ حُسْنِ حَالِهِمْ وَرَجَاءَ أَنْ يُخْلِفَهُ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ بِالَّذِي رَآهُمْ فَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَيُّمَا أَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَوْ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَلْيَتَعَزَّ بِمُصِيبَتِهِ بِي عَنِ الْمُصِيبَةِ الَّتِي تُصِيبُهُ بِغَيْرِي فَإِنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْ أُمَّتِي لَنْ يُصَابَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ بَعْدِي أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُصِيبَتِي. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَابْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ مُرْسَلًا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا أَصَابَتْ أَحَدَكُمْ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَلْيَذْكُرْ مُصَابَهُ بِي، فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الْمَصَائِبِ». وَرَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: يَا لَهَا مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ مَا أَصَبْنَا بَعْدَهَا بِمُصِيبَةٍ إِلَّا هَانَتْ، إِذَا ذَكَرْنَا مُصِيبَتَنَا بِهِ ﷺ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ؓ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «سَيُعَزِّي النَّاسُ بَعْضَهُمْ بَعْضًا مِنْ بَعْدِي التَّعْزِيَةَ بِي» فَكَانَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ: مَا هَذَا ؟ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَقِيَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا يُعَزِّي بَعْضَهُمْ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَرَحِمَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْقَائِلَ: اصْبِرْ لِكُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ وَتَجَلَّدِ وَاعْلَمْ بِأَنَّ الْمَرْءَ غَيْرُ مُخَلَّدِ وَاصْبِرْ كَمَا صَبَرَ الْكِرَامُ فَإِنَّهَا نُوَبٌ تَنُوبُ الْيَوْمَ تُكْشَفُ فِي غَدِ وَإِذَا أَتَتْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ تُسْجَى بِهَا فَاذْكُرْ مُصَابَكَ بِالنَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدِ وَقَالَ الْقَائِلُ: تَذَكَّرْتُ لَمَّا فَرَّقَ الدَّهْرُ بَيْنَنَا فَعَزَّيْتُ نَفْسِي بِالنَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدِ وَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ الْمَنَايَا سَبِيلُنَا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَمُتْ فِي يَوْمِهِ مَاتَ فِي غَدِ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُنِيرِ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسَجَّتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَدَهِشَ النَّاسُ وَاخْتَلَفَ أَحْوَالُهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ وَأُقْحِمُوا وَاخْتَلَطُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ خُبِلَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُقْعِدَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُصْمِتَ فَلَمْ يُطِقِ النَّاسُ الْكَلَامَ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُخْبِلَ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ فَجَعَلَ يَجْلِبُ وَيَصِيحُ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ، وَحَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَامَ عُمْرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، فَقَالَ: إنَّ رِجَالًا مِنْ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ تُوُفِّيَ؛ وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا مَاتَ، وَلَكِنَّهُ ذَهَبَ إلَى رَبِّهِ كَمَا ذَهَبَ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ، فَقَدْ غَابَ عَنْ قَوْمِهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ أَنْ قِيلَ قَدْ مَاتَ؛ وَوَاللَّهِ لَيَرْجِعَنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَمَا رَجَعَ مُوسَى، فَلَيَقْطَعَنَّ أَيْدِي رِجَالٍ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ زَعَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَاتُ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ أُقْعِدَ وَفِي لَفْظِ عُقِرَ عَلِيٌّ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ حَرَاكًا، وَكَانَ مَنْ أُخْرِسَ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ حَتَّى جَعَلَ يُذْهَبُ بِهِ وَيُجَاءُ وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ كَلَامًا، وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُنَيْسٍ فَأُضْنِيَ حَتَّى مَاتَ كَمَدًا. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالُوا: عُرِجَ بِرُوحِهِ كَمَا عُرِجَ بِرُوحِ عِيسَى الْحَدِيثَ وَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَأْسِنُ كَمَا يَأْسِنُ الْبَشَرُ وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ مَاتَ..... إِلَى آخِرِهِ، فَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ كَمَا تَرَى، وَرَوَاهُ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ رَاهَوَيْهِ بِسَنَدٍ رِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الْبُخَارِيِّ إِلَّا أَنَّ عِكْرِمَةَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ الْعَبَّاسِ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْوَاسِطَةُ بَيْنَهُمَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ، وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ مِنْ طَرِيقِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بِنَحْوِهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى شَرْطِ الْبُخَارِيِّ. قَالَ الْحَافِظُ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ فَمَا وُجِدَ بِخَطِّهِ: وَهَذَا الَّذِي قَالَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ لَمْ يَنْقُلْهُ عَنْ تَوْقِيفٍ بَلِ اجْتِهَادًا عَلَى الْعَادَةِ وَلَا يَسْتَلْزِمُ أَنْ يَقَعَ ذَلِكَ، وَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَزَيَّنَتِ الْجِنَانُ لِقُدُومِ رُوحِهِ الْكَرِيمَةِ كَزِينَةِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَوْمَ قُدُومِهِ إِذَا كَانَ عَرْشُ الرَّحْمَنِ قَدِ اهْتَزَّ بِمَوْتِ بَعْضِ أَتْبَاعِهِ فَرَحًا وَاسْتِبْشَارًا فَكَيْفَ بِقُدُومِ رُوحِ الْأَرْوَاحِ، وَكَادَتِ الْجَمَادَاتُ تَتَصَدَّعُ مِنْ أَلَمِ مُفَارَقَتِهِ ﷺ فَكَيْفَ بِقُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَّا فُقِدَ الْجِذْعُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَخْطُبُ إِلَيْهِ قَبْلَ اتِّخَاذِ الْمِنْبَرِ حَنَّ إِلَيْهِ وَصَاحَ، كَانَ الْحَسَنُ إِذَا حَدَّثَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ بَكَى وَقَالَ: هَذِهِ خَشَبَةٌ تَحِنُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْتُمْ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَشْتَاقُوا إِلَيْهِ. فَلَوْ ذَاقَ مِنْ طَعْمِ الْفِرَاقِ رَضْوَى لَكَانَ مِنْ وَجْدِهِ يَمِيدُ فَقَدْ حَمَّلُونِي عَذَابَ شَوْقٍ يَعْجَزُ عَنْ حَمْلِهِ الْحَدِيدُ وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: وَقَدْ كَانَ يُدْعَى لَابِسُ الصَّبْرِ حَازِمًا فَأَصْبَحَ يُدْعَى حَازِمًا حِينَ يَجْزَعُ وَرَوَى أَبُو عَلِيِّ بْنُ شَاذَانَ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ أَجْزَعَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ. وَرَوَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْبَلَاذُرِيُّ بِسَنَدٍ جَيِّدٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عُمَرُ فَأَصَابَهُ خَبَلٌ فَأَقْبَلَ يَقُولُ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرُوِيَ أَيْضًا عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ: بَكَى النَّاسُ يَوْمَ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى النِّسَاءُ فِي الْخُدُورِ، وَكَادَتِ الْبُيُوتُ تَسْقُطُ مِنَ الصُّرَاخِ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ أَبِي ذُؤَيْبٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ: أَنَّهُ لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ يَوْمَ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا لَهَا ضَجِيجٌ بِالْبُكَاءِ كَضَجِيجِ الْحَجِيجِ إِذَا أَهَلُّوا بِالْإِحْرَامِ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَصْحَابُهُ يَعُودُونَهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا كُنْتُ أُرِيدُهُمَا لِأَنْظُرَ بِهِمَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَّا إِذْ قَبَضَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ فَمَا يَسُرُّنِي أَنَّ مَا بِهِمَا بِظَبْيٍ مِنْ ظِبَاءِ تَبَالَةَ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو يَعْلَى بِسَنَدٍ صَحِيحٍ وَابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَالْبَزَّارُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الثِّقَةِ، وَأَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ: سَمِعْنَا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ يَقُولُ: لَمَّا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسْوَسَ رِجَالٌ فَإِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيمَنْ وَسْوَسَ فَمَرَّ عَلَيَّ عُمَرُ فَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ أَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ بِتَسْلِيمِهِ.. الْحَدِيثَ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَالْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ عَدِيٍّ وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ فِي «الْإِفْرَادِ» وَالْعُقَيْلِيًّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ» وَالضِّيَاءُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ ؓ أَنَّ رِجَالًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَزِنُوا عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى كَادَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُوَسْوِسُ وَكُنْتُ مِنْهُمْ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ نَجَاةِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: قَدْ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ قَبِلَ مِنِّي الْكَلِمَةَ الَّتِي عَرَضْتُهَا عَلَى عَمِّي فَرَدَّهَا عَلَيَّ فَهِيَ لَهُ نَجَاةٌ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَحَسَّنَهُ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ بِسَنَدٍ قَالَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ: عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي [دَخَلَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ أَضَاءَ مِنْهَا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي] مَاتَ فِيهِ أَظْلَمَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَظْلَمَتِ الْمَدِينَةُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَنْظُرْ بَعْضُنَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ، وَكَانَ أَحَدُنَا يَبْسُطُ يَدَهُ فَلَا يُبْصِرُهَا، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَلَمْ أَرَ يَوْمًا أَقْبَحَ مِنْهُ فَمَا فَرَغْنَا مِنْ دَفْنِهِ حَتَّى أَنْكَرْنَا قُلُوبَنَا انْتَهَى. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَمُسْلِمٌ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ أَمَّ أَيْمَنَ بَكَتْ لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقِيلَ لَهَا: مَا يُبْكِيكِ يَا أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ وَأَدْخَلَهُ جَنَّتَهُ، وَأَرَاحَهُ مِنْ نَصَبِ الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَتْ: وَاللَّهِ مَا أَبْكِي، أَنْ لَا أَكُونَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ، وَلَكِنْ أَبْكِي أَنَّ الْوَحْيَ انْقَطَعَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ كَانَ يَأْتِينَا غَضًّا جَدِيدًا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ، فَعَجِبَ النَّاسُ مِنْ قَوْلِهَا». وَرَوَى أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ بِهَذَا الْيَوْمِ- يَعْنِي يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ- كَمْ خَيْرٍ لَسْتَ فِيهِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ وَأَيُّ مُصِيبَةٍ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ عَشِيَّةَ ضَاقَ عَنْهَا مُنْفَسِحُ الطُّولِ وَالْعَرْضِ وقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: ثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ثَنَا ثَابِتٌ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا ثَقُلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ جَعَلَ يَتَغَشَّاهُ الْكَرْبُ، فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ: وَاكَرْبَ أَبَتَاهْ. فَقَالَ لَهَا: " لَيْسَ عَلَى أَبِيكِ كَرْبٌ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ " فَلَمَّا مَاتَ قَالَتْ: يَا أَبَتَاهْ أَجَابَ رَبًّا دَعَاهْ، يَا أَبَتَاهْ، مِنْ جَنَّةِ الْفِرْدَوْسِ مَأْوَاهْ، يَا أَبَتَاهُ، إِلَى جِبْرِيلَ نَنْعَاهْ. فَلَمَّا دُفِنَ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ: يَا أَنَسُ، أَطَابَتْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَنْ تَحْثُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ التُّرَابَ ؟ ! تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ الْبُخَارِيُّ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَهَذَا لَا يُعَدُّ نِيَاحَةً بَلْ هُوَ مِنْ بَابِ ذِكْرِ فَضَائِلِهِ الْحَقِّ، عَلَيْهِ أَفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ وَالسَّلَامِ، وَإِنَّمَا قُلْنَا هَذَا ; لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ النِّيَاحَةِ. وَقَدْ رَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ، سَمِعْتُ قَتَادَةَ، سَمِعْتُ مُطَرِّفًا يُحَدِّثُ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ - فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ إِلَى بَنِيهِ - أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَلَا تَنُوحُوا عَلَيَّ ; فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمْ يُنَحْ عَلَيْهِ.
Translation
✧ The enormity of the calamity and what befell the Muslims with his death ﷺ, the darkness that enveloped Madinah, and the change in people's hearts and states Ibn Mājah narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ opened a door between him and the people, or drew back a curtain, and there were the people praying behind Abū Bakr. He praised Allah for the good state he saw in them, hoping that Allah would make him be succeeded among them by the one he saw them with. He said: "O people, any one of the people or of the believers who is afflicted with a calamity, let him seek consolation in his affliction with me for the calamity that afflicts him through other than me, for no one of my community will ever be afflicted with a calamity after me more severe upon him than my calamity." Ibn Saʿd and Ibn al-Jawzī narrated from ʿAṭāʾ as a mursal report who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When a calamity befalls one of you, let him remember his being afflicted by me, for it is one of the greatest calamities." Al-Bayhaqī narrated from Umm Salamah ؓ who said: What a calamity it was! We were not afflicted with any calamity after it except that it became insignificant when we remembered our calamity with him ﷺ. Ibn Saʿd narrated from Sahl b. Saʿd ؓ who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "People will console one another after me with the consolation of me." So people were saying: What is this? Then when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was taken, people met one another, consoling one another with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. And may Allah Most High have mercy on the one who said: Be patient with every calamity and show fortitude, and know that man is not immortal; And be patient as the noble ones were patient, for they are Misfortunes that befall today and are removed tomorrow; And if a calamity comes to you by which you are wrapped, Then remember your affliction with the Prophet Muḥammad. And another said: I remembered when time separated us, So I consoled myself with the Prophet Muḥammad, And I said to it: Deaths are our path, So whoever does not die on his day dies tomorrow. Ibn al-Munīr said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died and the angels shrouded him, the people were stupefied and their states differed in that; they were confounded and bewildered. Among them was one who was deranged, among them one who was incapacitated, among them one who was struck dumb and could not speak, and among them one who was afflicted. ʿUmar began to raise his voice and cry out: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has not died. Ibn Isḥāq said: Al-Zuhrī said, and Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib narrated to me from Abū Hurayrah who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb stood up and said: "Some men of the hypocrites claim that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has died; but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has not died. He has gone to his Lord as Mūsā b. ʿImrān went, and he was absent from his people for forty nights, then returned to them after it was said that he had died. By Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ will return just as Mūsā returned, and he will cut off the hands and feet of men who claimed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died." Among those who were incapacitated, and in another wording, hamstrung, was ʿAlī, who could not move. Among those who were made speechless was ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān, to the point that he was led back and forth and could not speak a word. As for ʿAbd Allāh b. Unays, he was worn away until he died of grief. Ibn Saʿd narrated from ʿIkrimah who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, they said: His soul was taken up as the soul of ʿĪsā was taken up... and the hadith continues. Al-ʿAbbās ؓ said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ decomposes as humans decompose, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has died... to the end. So this is mursal as you see. Isḥāq b. Rāhawayh narrated it with a chain whose men are the men of al-Bukhārī, except that ʿIkrimah did not hear from al-ʿAbbās; so if the intermediary between them was ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās, then it is sound. Al-Ṭabarānī narrated it by way of Ibn ʿUyaynah from Ayyūb from ʿIkrimah from Ibn ʿAbbās from al-ʿAbbās with something similar, and it is upon the condition of al-Bukhārī. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajar said, as found in his handwriting: What al-ʿAbbās said was not transmitted from a divine instruction; rather, it was by his own reasoning based on custom, and it does not necessitate that it actually occurred. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was taken, the gardens of Paradise adorned themselves for the arrival of his noble soul, just as Madinah was adorned the day of his first arrival, for if the Throne of the Most Merciful shook at the death of some of his followers out of joy and glad tidings, then how will it be with the arrival of the soul of souls? The inanimate objects nearly split from the pain of his separation ﷺ, so how would it be with the hearts of the believers? When the trunk by which he used to stand to deliver sermons before the pulpit was made was lost from him, it yearned for him and cried out. Al-Ḥasan, when he related this hadith, would weep and say: "This is a piece of wood that yearns for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so you are more deserving of longing for him." Had Raḍwā tasted the flavor of separation, It would sway from its passion; They have laden me with the torment of longing That iron is incapable of bearing. And another said: The one who wore patience used to be called resolute, But now he is called resolute when he despairs. Abū ʿAlī b. Shādhān narrated from Sālim b. ʿUbayd al-Ashjaʿī who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, the most grief-stricken of people over him was ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb. Abū al-Ḥasan al-Balādhurī narrated with a good chain from ʿUrwah who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, ʿUmar entered and was seized by derangement, and he began to say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has not died. It is also narrated from Ibn ʿUmar ؓ who said: The people wept on the day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, even the women in their chambers, and the houses nearly collapsed from the wailing. Ibn ʿAsākir narrated from Abū Dhuʾayb al-Hudhalī: When he arrived in Madinah on the day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, there was a clamor of weeping like the clamor of the pilgrims when they enter the state of iḥrām. Ibn Saʿd narrated from al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad that a man among the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ lost his sight. His companions entered to visit him, and he said: "I only wanted my two eyes so that I could look at the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with them. But now that Allah has taken His Prophet, it does not please me that what is in them is worth a gazelle of the gazelles of Tabālah." Imām Aḥmad and Abū Yaʿlā narrated with a sound chain, as well as Ibn Abī Shaybah, al-Bazzār, and al-Ṭabarānī, from al-Zuhrī who said: A trustworthy man from the Anṣār informed me, and Abū ʿAbd Allāh b. Saʿd from al-Zuhrī from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib from ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ who said: We heard ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān saying: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, some men were afflicted with whispering, and I was among those who were afflicted. ʿUmar passed by me and greeted me, but I did not return the greeting, and I did not even realize his greeting... and the hadith continues. Ibn Saʿd, Ibn Abī Shaybah, Imām Aḥmad, Ibn ʿAdī, al-Dāraquṭnī in "Al-Ifrād," al-ʿUqaylī, al-Bayhaqī in "Shuʿab al-Īmān," and al-Ḍiyāʾ narrated from ʿUthmān ؓ that some men among the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ grieved over him until some of them nearly fell into whispering, and I was among them. I said to Abū Bakr: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ died before I could ask him about the salvation of this community. Abū Bakr said: I asked him about that, and he said: "Whoever accepts from me the word which I offered to my uncle and he rejected it to me, then it is salvation for him." Imām Aḥmad, al-Tirmidhī (who graded it as ḥasan), and al-Bayhaqī narrated, with a chain that Ibn Kathīr said is upon the condition of the two shaykhs, from Anas ؓ who said: On the day on which [the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Madinah, everything in it was illuminated; but on the day on which] he died, everything in Madinah became dark. In another narration: Madinah became dark until some of us could not see one another, and one of us would stretch out his hand and not see it. In another narration: I never saw a day more ugly than it; we had not finished burying him before we found our hearts changed. End. Imām Aḥmad, Muslim, and al-Bayhaqī narrated from him that he said: Umm Ayman wept when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was taken. It was said to her: What makes you weep, O Umm Ayman? What is with Allah is better for His Messenger ﷺ; Allah has honored His Prophet ﷺ, admitted him to His Garden, and given him rest from the toil of this world. She said: By Allah, I do not weep because I do not know that what is with Allah is better for His Messenger ﷺ; rather, I weep because the revelation has been cut off from heaven. It used to come to us fresh and new every day and night. And the people marvelled at her words. Abū al-Rabīʿ narrated: On this day—meaning Monday—how much good are you free from for the people of the earth, and what a calamity descended on it in the evening, too narrow for it is the vastness of length and breadth. Al-Bukhārī said: Sulaymān b. Ḥarb narrated to us; Ḥammād b. Zayd narrated to us; Thābit narrated to us from Anas who said: When the Prophet ﷺ grew heavy, distress began to cover him. Fāṭimah said: "What distress, O father!" He said to her: "There is no distress upon your father after today." When he died, she said: "O father, he answered a Lord who called him; O father, the Garden of Firdaws is his abode; O father, to Jibrīl we announce his death." When he was buried, Fāṭimah said: "O Anas, did your souls find it agreeable to throw dust upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?!" Al-Bukhārī alone narrated it, may Allah have mercy on him. This is not counted as lamentation; rather, it is from the category of mentioning his true virtues, upon him the best of prayers and peace. We have said this because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade lamentation. Imām Aḥmad and al-Nasāʾī narrated from the hadith of Shuʿbah: I heard Qatādah; I heard Muṭarrif narrating from Ḥakīm b. Qays b. ʿĀṣim from his father—among what he bequeathed to his sons—that he said: Do not lament over me, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was not lamented over.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.