Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1405
The Expedition of Muʾtah
[ إمَارَةُ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ وَمَقْتَلُهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ جَعْفَرٌ أَخَذَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ الرَّايَةَ، ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ بِهَا، وَهُوَ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ، فَجَعَلَ يَسْتَنْزِلُ نَفْسَهُ، وَيَتَرَدَّدُ بَعْضَ التَّرَدُّدِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَقْسَمْتُ يَا نَفْسُ لَتَنْزِلِنَّهْ لَتَنْزِلِنَّ أَوْ لَتُكْرَهِنَّهْ إنْ أَجْلَبَ النَّاسُ وَشَدُّوا الرَّنَّهْ مَالِي أَرَاكِ تَكْرَهِينَ الْجَنَّهْ قَدْ طَالَ مَا قَدْ كُنْتِ مُطْمَئِنَّهْ هَلْ أَنْتِ إلَّا نُطْفَةٌ فِي شَنَّهْ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: يَا نَفْسُ إلَّا تُقْتَلِي تَمُوتِي هَذَا حِمَامُ الْمَوْتِ قَدْ صَلِيَتْ وَمَا تَمَنَّيْتِ فَقَدْ أُعْطِيتُ إنْ تَفْعَلِي فِعْلَهُمَا هُدِيتُ يُرِيدُ صَاحِبَيْهِ: زَيْدًا وَجَعْفَرًا؛ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ أَتَاهُ ابْنُ عَمٍّ لَهُ بِعَرْقٍ مِنْ لَحْمٍ فَقَالَ: شُدَّ بِهَذَا صُلْبَكَ، فَإِنَّكَ قَدْ لَقِيتُ فِي أَيَّامِكَ هَذِهِ مَا لَقِيتُ، فَأَخَذَهُ مِنْ يَدِهِ ثُمَّ انْتَهَسَ مِنْهُ نَهْسَةً، ثُمَّ سَمِعَ الْحَطْمَةَ فِي نَاحِيَةِ النَّاسِ، فَقَالَ: وَأَنْتَ فِي الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ أَلْقَاهُ مِنْ يَدِهِ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ فَتَقَدَّمَ، فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ. قَالَ: الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ السَّلَامِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ: أَنَّ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ حِينَ قُتِلَ، دَعَا النَّاسُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ، وَهُوَ فِي جَانِبِ الْعَسْكَرِ وَمَعَهُ ضِلْعُ جَمَلٍ يَنْهَشُهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ ذَاقَ طَعَامًا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِثَلَاثٍ، فَرَمَى بِالضِّلْعِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَأَنْتَ مَعَ الدُّنْيَا، ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ فَقَاتَلَ، ثُمَّ أُصِيبَتْ أُصْبُعُهُ، فَارْتَجَزَ وَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: هَلْ أَنْتِ إِلَّا أُصْبُعٌ دُمِيتِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مَا لَقِيتِ يَا نَفْسُ إِنْ لَمْ تُقْتَلِي تَمُوتِي هَذِي حِيَاضُ الْمَوْتِ قَدْ صَلِيتِ وَمَا تَمَنَّيْتِ فَقَدْ لَقِيتِ إِنْ تَفْعَلِي فِعْلَهَا هُدِيتِ وَإِنْ تَأَخَّرْتِ فَقَدْ شَقِيتِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا نَفْسُ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ تَتُوقِينَ؟ إِلَى فُلَانَةَ؟ فَهِيَ طَالِقٌ [ثَلَاثًا]، وَإِلَى فُلَانٍ وَفُلَانٍ - عَبِيدٌ لَهُ - فَهُمْ أَحْرَارٌ، وَإِلَى مِعْجَفٍ - حَائِطٌ لَهُ - فَهِيَ لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، ثُمَّ ارْتَجَزَ وَقَالَ: يَا نَفْسُ مَا لَكِ تَكْرَهِينَ الْجَنَّهْ أَقْسَمْتُ بِاللَّهِ لَتَنْزِلِنَّهْ طَائِعَةً أَوْ لَتَكْرَهِنَّهْ قَدْ طَالَ مَا قَدْ كُنْتِ مُطْمَئِنَّهْ هَلْ أَنْتِ إِلَّا نُطْفَةٌ فِي شَنَّهْ قَدْ أَجْلَبَ النَّاسُ شَدْوَ الرَّنَّهْ
Translation
✧ Ibn Isḥāq said: When Jaʿfar was killed, ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah took the banner, then advanced with it while he was on his horse. He began to urge his soul to dismount and hesitated somewhat, then said: I have sworn, O soul, that you will dismount, that you will dismount or be compelled to, If the people raise a clamor and intensify the din. Why do I see you disliking Paradise? Long have you been at ease. Are you anything but a drop of water in a worn waterskin? And he also said: O soul, if you are not killed, you will die; This is the heat of death that you have encountered. What you have wished for has been granted to you; If you do as those two did, you will be guided. He meant his two companions, Zayd and Jaʿfar. Then he dismounted. When he dismounted, a cousin of his came to him with a bone of meat and said, "Strengthen your back with this, for you have met in these days of yours what you have met." He took it from his hand and bit off a morsel from it, then he heard the clash of weapons in the direction of the people and said, "And you are still in this world!" Then he threw it from his hand, took his sword, advanced, and fought until he was killed. He said: Al-Ḥakam b. ʿAbd al-Salām b. al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr said: When Jaʿfar b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ was killed, the people called out, "O ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah!" He was on the side of the army with a camel's rib that he was gnawing on, having not tasted food for three days before that. He threw the rib aside and said, "And you are with this world!" Then he advanced and fought. Then his finger was injured, and he recited rajaz verses, saying: Are you anything but a finger that has bled, And in the path of God what you have met? O soul, if you are not killed, you will die; These are the pools of death that you have encountered. What you have wished for, you have met; If you do as she did, you will be guided; And if you hold back, you will be wretched. Then he said, "O soul, what do you long for? For so-and-so? She is divorced [thrice]. And for so-and-so and so-and-so—slaves of his—they are free. And for Miʿjaf—a walled garden of his—it belongs to God and His Messenger." Then he recited rajaz verses and said: O soul, why do you dislike Paradise? I swear by God that you will dismount, Willingly or you will be compelled to. Long have you been at ease. Are you anything but a drop of water in a worn waterskin? The people have raised a clamor, the sound of the din.
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