Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1311
The Treaty of al-Hudaybiyah
ذِكْرُ نُزُولِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَمَا وَقَعَ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ [ الَّذِي نَزَلَ بِسَهْمِ الرَّسُولِ فِي طَلَبِ الْمَاءِ ] قَالَ مِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ، وَمَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - ﷺ سَارَ فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَقَعَتْ يَدَا رَاحِلَتِهِ عَلَى ثَنِيَّةٍ تَهْبِطُ فِي غَائِطِ الْقَوْمِ، فَبَرَكَتْ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ، فَقَالَ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَقَالَ النَّاسْ «حَلْ حَلْ» فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَنْبَعِثَ وَأَلَحَّتْ، فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ: خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - ﷺ: «مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِعَادَةٍ، وَفِي لَفْظٍ: بِخُلُقٍ، وَلَكِنْ حَبْسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ عَنْ مَكَّةَ» ثُمَّ قَالَ: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِي الْيَوْمَ خُطَّةً فِيهَا تَعْظِيمُ حُرُمَاتِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا» ثُمَّ زَجَرَهَا فَقَامَتْ، فَوَلَّى رَاجِعًا عَوْدَهُ عَلَى بَدْئِهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَعَدَلَ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِأَقْصَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى ثَمْدٍ مِنْ ثِمَادِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ ظُنُونٍ قَلِيلِ الْمَاءِ يَتَبَرَّضُ النَّاسُ مَاءَهُ تَبَرُّضًا، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى نَزَحُوهُ، فَاشْتَكَى النَّاسُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قِلَّةَ الْمَاءِ، وَفِي لَفْظٍ «الْعَطَشَ» فَانْتَزَعَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ فَأُمِرَ بِهِ فَغُرِزَ فِي الْمَاءِ فَجَاشَتْ بِالرِّوَاءِ حَتَّى صَدَرُوا عَنْهَا بِعَطَنٍ قَالَ الْمِسْوَرُ: وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَغْتَرِفُونَ بِآنِيَتِهِمْ جُلُوسًا عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْبِئْرِ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَالَّذِي نَزَلَ بِالسَّهْمِ نَاجِيَةُ بْنُ الْأَعْجَمِ - رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ، وَيُقَالُ: نَاجِيَةُ بْنُ جُنْدَبٍ وَهُوَ سَائِقُ بُدْنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ رَوَى أَنَّ جَارِيَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالَتْ لِنَاجِيَةَ وَهُوَ فِي الْقَلِيبِ: يَا أَيُّهَا الْمَاتِحُ دَلْوِي دُونَكَا إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ يَحْمَدُونَكَا يُثْنُونَ خَيْرًا وَيُمَجِّدُونَكَا فَقَالَ نَاجِيَةُ وَهُوَ فِي الْقَلِيبِ: قَدْ عَلِمَتْ جَارِيَةٌ يَمَانِيَّهْ أَنِّي أَنَا الْمَاتِحُ وَاسْمِي نَاجِيَهْ وَطَعْنَةٌ ذَاتُ رَشَّاشٍ وَاهِيَهْ طَعْنَتُهَا تَحْتَ صُدُورِ الْعَادِيَّةْ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِمَّنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ نَاجِيَةُ بْنُ الْأَعْجَمِ، يَقُولُ: دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ شُكِيَ إِلَيْهِ قِلَّةُ الْمَاءِ فَأَخْرَجَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ، وَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيَّ، وَدَعَا بِدَلْوٍ مِنْ مَاءِ الْبِئْرِ فَجِئْتُهُ بِهِ، فَتَوَضَّأَ فَمَضْمَضَ فَاهُ، ثُمَّ مَجَّ فِي الدَّلْوِ - وَالنَّاسُ فِي حَرٍّ شَدِيدٍ - وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ بِئْرٌ وَاحِدَةٌ قَدْ سَبَقَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ إِلَى بَلْدَحٍ فَغَلَبُوا عَلَى مِيَاهِهِ فَقَالَ: «انْزِلْ بِالدَّلْوِ فَصُبَّهَا فِي الْبِئْرِ وَأَثِرْ مَاءَهَا بِالسَّهْمِ» فَفَعَلْتُ، فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ مَا كِدْتُ أَخْرُجَ حَتَّى يَغْمُرَنِي وَفَارَتْ كَمَا تَفُورُ الْقِدْرُ، حَتَّى طَمَّتْ وَاسْتَوَتْ بِشَفِيرِهَا، يَغْتَرِفُونَ مِنْ جَانِبِهَا حَتَّى نَهِلُوا مِنْ آخِرِهِمْ. وَعَلَى الْمَاءِ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، مِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ، فَقَالَ أَوْسُ بْنُ خَوْلِيٍّ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا الْحُبَابِ!! أَمَا إِنَّ لَكَ أَنْ تُبْصِرَ مَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ أَبَعْدَ هَذَا شَيْءٌ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ هَذَا. فَقَالَ أَوْسٌ: قَبَّحَكَ اللَّهُ وَقَبَّحَ رَأْيَكَ فَأَقْبَلَ ابْنُ أُبَيٍّ يُرِيدُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - ﷺ فَقَالَ «يَا أَبَا الْحُبَابِ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَمَا رَأَيْتُ الْيَوْمَ» ؟ فَقَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَهُ قَطُّ. قَالَ: «فَلِمَ قُلْتَهُ» ؟ فَقَالَ ابْنُ أُبَيٍّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي، فَقَالَ ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ، فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ ؓ قَالَ: أَنَا نَزَلْتُ بِالسَّهْمِ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. قِصَّةٌ أُخْرَى: قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً، وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةُ: بِئْرٌ فَقَدِمْنَاهَا وَعَلَيْهَا خَمْسُونَ شَاةً مَا تَرْوِيهَا فَتَبَرَّضَهَا فَلَمْ نَتْرُكْ فِيهَا قَطْرَةً، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: وَكَانَ الْحَرُّ شَدِيدًا، فَشَكَا النَّاسُ الْعَطَشَ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ - عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ - فَأَتَاهُ فَجَلَسَ عَلَى شَفِيرِهَا، ثُمَّ دَعَا «بِإِنَاءٍ» وَفِي لَفْظٍ «بِدَلْوٍ» فَتَوَضَّأَ فِي الدَّلْوِ، ثُمَّ مَضْمَضَ وَدَعَا، ثُمَّ صَبَّهُ فِيهَا، فَتَرَكْنَاهَا غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا أَصْدَرَتْنَا مَا شِئْنَا نَحْنُ وَرِكَابَنَا. قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ: وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ آخِرَنَا أَخْرُجُ بِثَوْبٍ خَشْيَةَ الْغَرَقِ حَتَّى جَرَتْ نَهْرًا. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَعُرْوَةُ فَفَارَتْ بِالْمَاءِ حَتَّى جَعَلُوا يَغْتَرِفُونَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ مِنْهَا وَهُمْ جُلُوسٌ عَلَى شَفِيرِهَا. قِصَّةٌ أُخْرَى: رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الْمَغَازِي وَفِي الْأَشْرِبَةِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ ابْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ ؓ قَالَا: عَطِشَ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ رَكْوَةٌ، وَقَالَ جَابِرٌ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: وَقَدْ حَضَرَ الْعَصْرُ، وَلَيْسَ مَعَنَا مَاءٌ غَيْرُ فَضْلَةٍ، فَجَعَلَ فِي إِنَاءٍ فَأُتِيَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهَا، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ نَحْوَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مَا لَكُمْ ؟ » قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لَيْسَ عِنْدَنَا مَاءٌ نَتَوَضَّأُ بِهِ، وَلَا نَشْرَبُ إِلَّا مَا فِي رَكْوَتِكَ فَأَفْرَغْتُهَا فِي قَدَحٍ، وَوَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ فِي الْقَدَحِ، فَجَعَلَ الْمَاءُ يَفُورُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ كَأَمْثَالِ الْعُيُونِ، فَشَرِبْنَا وَتَوَضَّأْنَا، فَقَالَ سَالِمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ: فَقُلْتُ لِجَابِرٍ: كَمْ كُنْتُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ ؟ قَالَ: لَوْ كُنَّا مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ لَكَفَانَا، كُنَّا خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً. وَعَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ ؓ قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَأَصَابَنَا مَطَرٌ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ، فَصَلَّى بِنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الصُّبْحَ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ، فَقَالَ: أَتَدْرُونَ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ ؟ قُلْنَا: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ: قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: «أَصْبَحَ مِنْ عِبَادِي مُؤْمِنٌ وَكَافِرٌ، فَأَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ قَالَ: مُطِرْنَا بِرَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَبِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِي وَكَافِرٌ بِالْكَوَاكِبِ، وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ مُطِرْنَا بِنَجْمِ كَذَا - وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا - فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِالْكَوَاكِبِ كَافِرٌ بِي». قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَكَانَ ابْنُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولَ قَالَ: هَذَا نَوْءُ الْخَرِيفِ مُطِرْنَا بِالشِّعْرَى. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَصَابَنَا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ مَطَرٌ لَمْ يَبُلَّ أَسَافِلُ نِعَالِنَا، فَنَادَى مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ صَلُّوا فِي رِحَالِكُمْ. وَأَهْدَى عَمْرُو بْنُ سَالِمٍ وَبُسْرُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ الْخُزَاعِيَّانِ ؓ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ غَنَمًا وَجَزُورًا، وَأَهْدَى عَمْرُو بْنُ سَالِمٍ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ ؓ جُزُرًا - وَكَانَ صَدِيقًا لَهُ - فَجَاءَ سَعْدٌ بِالْجُزُرِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَمْرًا أَهْدَاهَا لَهُ، فَقَالَ: «وَعَمْرٌو قَدْ أَهْدَى لَنَا مَا تَرَى، فَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِي عَمْرٍو» ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْجُزُرِ تُنْحَرُ وَتُقَسَّمُ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، وَفَرَّقَ الْغَنَمَ فِيهِمْ مِنْ آخِرِهَا وَشَرَكَ فِيهَا فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ مِنْ لَحْمِ الْجَزُورِ كَنَحْوِ مَا دَخَلَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ، وَشَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي شَاتِهِ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ بَعْضُهَا، وَأَمَرَ ﷺ لِلَّذِي جَاءَ بِالْهَدِيَّةِ بِكُسْوَةٍ. تَكْثِيرِهِ ﷺ مَاءَ بِئْرِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ وَمُسْلِمٌ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ ؓ قَالَ: قَدِمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ وَنَحْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةُ بِئْرٌ فَنَزَحْنَاهَا فَلَمْ نَتْرُكْ فِيهَا قَطْرَةً، فَقَعَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى شَفِيرِهَا، قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ: وَأُتِيَ بِدَلْوٍ فِيهِ مَاءٌ فَبَصَقَ وَدَعَا. ثُمَّ قَالَ: «دَعُوهَا سَاعَةً» وَقَالَ سَلَمَةُ: فَجَاشَتْ فَأَرْوَوْا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَرِكَابَهُمْ بِالْمَاءِ فَسَقَيْنَا وَاسْتَقَيْنَا. وَفِي غَيْرِ هَاتَيْنِ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ فَأَخْرَجَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي قَلِيبِ بِئْرٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ مَاءٌ فَرَوَّى النَّاسَ حَتَّى ضَرَبُوا بِعَطَنٍ خِيَامَهَا. تَكْثِيرِهِ ﷺ مَاءَ بِئْرِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ؓ رَوَى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ وَالْبَزَّارُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ قَالَ: أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْزِلَنَا فَسَقَيْنَاهُ مِنْ بِئْرٍ كَانَتْ لَنَا فِي دَارِنَا وَكَانَتْ تُسَمَّى فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ «النَّزُورَ» فَتَفَلَ فِيهَا فَكَانَتْ لَا تَنْزَحُ بَعْدُ. تَكْثِيرِهِ ﷺ مَاءَ بِئْرِ غَرْسٍ رَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ رُقَيْشٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ قَالَ: جِئْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى قُبَاءَ فَانْتَهَى إِلَى بِئْرِ غَرْسٍ وَإِنَّهُ لَيُسْتَقَى مِنْهُ عَلَى حِمَارٍ ثُمَّ نَقُومُ عَامَّةَ النَّهَارِ مَا نَجِدُ فِيهَا مَاءً فَمَضْمَضَ فِي الدَّلْوِ وَرَدَّهُ فَجَاشَتْ بِالرِّوَاءِ. تَكْثِيرِهِ ﷺ مَاءَ الْمَزَادَتَيْنِ رَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالشَّيْخَانِ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ؓ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ فَاشْتَكَى إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ الْعَطَشَ، فَنَزَلَ ثُمَّ دَعَا عَلِيًّا، وَرَجُلًا آخَرَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: وَعِمْرَانَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ، فَقَالَ: «اذْهَبَا فَابْغِيَا الْمَاءَ فَإِنَّكُمَا سَتَجِدَانِ امْرَأَةً بِمَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا مَعَهَا بَعِيرٌ عَلَيْهِ مَزَادَتَانِ فَأْتِيَا بِهَا» فَانْطَلَقَا فَلَقِيَا امْرَأَةً بَيْنَ مَزَادَتَيْنِ مِنْ مَاءٍ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَهَا فَقَالَا لَهَا: أَيْنَ الْمَاءُ ؟ قَالَتْ: عَهْدِي بِالْمَاءِ أَمْسِ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ. فَقَالَا لَهَا: انْطَلِقِي إِذًا، قَالَتْ: إِلَى أَيْنَ ؟ قَالَا: إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتِ: الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ الصَّابِئُ ؟ قَالَا: هُوَ الَّذِي تَعْنِينَ، فَانْطَلَقَا فَجَاءَا بِهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَحَدَّثَاهُ بِالْحَدِيثِ، قَالَ: فَاسْتَنْزَلُوهَا عَنْ بَعِيرِهَا وَدَعَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِإِنَاءٍ، فَأَفْرَغَ فِيهِ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِ الْمَزَادَتَيْنِ فَمَضْمَضَ فِي الْمَاءِ وَأَعَادَهُ فِي أَفْوَاهِ الْمَزَادَتَيْنِ وَأَوْكَأَ أَفْوَاهَهُمَا، وَأَطْلَقَ الْغِرَارَتَيْنِ وَنُودِيَ فِي النَّاسِ اسْقُوا وَاسْتَقُوا فَسَقَى مَنْ شَاءَ وَاسْتَقَى مَنْ شَاءَ وَمَلَأْنَا كُلَّ قِرْبَةٍ مَعَنَا وَإِدَاوَةٍ وَهِيَ قَائِمَةٌ تَنْظُرُ مَا يَفْعَلُ بِمَائِهَا وَايْمُ اللَّهِ، لَقَدْ أَقْلَعَ عَنْهَا وَإِنَّهَا لَيُخَيَّلُ إِلَيْهَا أَنَّهَا أَشَدُّ مِلْئَةً مِنْهَا حَيْثُ ابْتَدَأَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «اجْمَعُوا لَهَا طَعَامًا» فَجَمَعُوا لَهَا مَا بَيْنَ عَجْوَةٍ وَدَقِيقَةٍ وَسَوِيقَةٍ حَتَّى جَمَعُوا لَهَا طَعَامًا فَجَعَلُوهُ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَحَمَلُوهَا عَلَى بَعِيرِهَا وَوَضَعُوا الثَّوْبَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا وَقَالُوا لَهَا: تَعْلَمِينَ مَا رَزَأْنَا مِنْ مَائِكِ شَيْئًا وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَسْقَانَا، الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ أَنَّهَا أَسْلَمَتْ وَقَوْمُهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ. عُذُوبَةِ مَاءِ بِئْرٍ بِالْيَمَنِ بِبَرَكَتِهِ ﷺ رَوَى ابْنُ السَّكَنِ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ نُقَيْدٍ السَّعْدِيِّ قَالَ: قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: حَفَرْنَا لَنَا بِئْرًا فَخَرَجَتْ مَالِحَةً فَدَفَعَ إِلَيَّ إِدَاوَةً فِيهَا مَاءٌ، فَقَالَ: «صُبَّهُ»، فَصَبَبْتُهُ فِيهَا، فَعَذُبَتْ فَهِيَ أَعْذَبُ مَاءِ بِئْرٍ بِالْيَمَنِ. نَبْعِ الْمَاءِ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ لَهُ ﷺ رَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا أَنْكَرْتُ مِنِ ابْنِ أَخِي أَنَّا كُنَّا بِذِي الْمَجَازِ فِي إِبِلِنَا، وَكَانَ رَدِيفِي فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِفٍ فَأَصَابَنِي عَطَشٌ شَدِيدٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي أَذَانِي الْعَطَشُ فَثَنَى رِجْلَهُ، فَنَزَلَ، فَقَالَ: «يَا عَمُّ، أَتُرِيدُ مَاءً ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَقَالَ: «انْزِلْ» فَنَزَلْتُ، فَانْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى صَخْرَةٍ فَرَكَضَهَا بِرِجْلِهِ، وَقَالَ شَيْئًا فَنَبَعَتْ مَاءٌ لَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَهُ فَشَرِبْتُ حَتَّى رَوِيتُ فَقَالَ: «أَرَوِيتَ»، قُلْتُ: «نَعَمْ، فَرَكَضَهَا ثَانِيَةً فَعَادَتْ كَمَا كَانَتْ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ encamping at al-Ḥudaybiyah and the signs that occurred therein [The one who descended with the arrow of the Messenger in seeking water] Miswar b. Makhramah and Marwān b. al-Ḥakam said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ traveled, and when he drew near al-Ḥudaybiyah, the forelegs of his riding camel fell upon a mountain pass descending into the hollow of the people, and his camel knelt with him. He said—and in one narration: the people said, "Ḥal ḥal"—but she refused to rise and persisted. The Muslims said, "Al-Qaṣwāʾ has become stubborn." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Al-Qaṣwāʾ has not become stubborn, and that is not her habit"—and in one wording: "her nature—"but the One who restrained the elephant from Makkah has restrained her." Then he said: "By Him in whose hand is the soul of Muḥammad, they will not ask me today for any plan in which there is veneration of the sanctities of Allah, the Exalted, but that I will grant it to them." Then he urged her on, and she rose, and he turned back, retracing his steps to his starting point. And in one narration: he turned aside from them until he encamped at the farthest part of al-Ḥudaybiyah by a water-hole among the water-holes of al-Ḥudaybiyah, with little water suspected in it, from which the people were taking water in small amounts. The people did not remain long before they exhausted it, and they complained to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of the scarcity of water—and in one wording: "of thirst." He drew an arrow from his quiver and ordered that it be thrust into the water, and it gushed forth with abundant water until they departed from it satisfied. Miswar said: They were scooping with their vessels while sitting on the edge of the well. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: The one who descended with the arrow was Nājiyah b. al-Aʿjam, a man of Aslam, and it is said: Nājiyah b. Jundab, and he was the driver of the sacrificial camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. It has been narrated that a girl of the Anṣār said to Nājiyah while he was in the well: "O you who draws the bucket, my bucket is before you, I have seen the people praising you, They extol good and glorify you." Nājiyah said while he was in the well: "A Yemeni girl has known that I am the drawer, and my name is Nājiyah, And a thrust with splashing, weak, My thrust is beneath the chests of the enemy." Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Fourteen men of those who became Muslim from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ narrated to me that he was Nājiyah b. al-Aʿjam, saying: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called me when the scarcity of water was complained of to him, and he took out an arrow from his quiver and handed it to me, and he called for a bucket of water from the well. I brought it to him, and he performed ablution and rinsed his mouth, then he spat into the bucket—while the people were in intense heat—and it was only one well, for the polytheists had preceded to Baldāḥ and gained control of its waters. He said: "Go down with the bucket and pour it into the well, and stir its water with the arrow." I did so. By Him who sent him with truth, I had scarcely emerged before it overwhelmed me and gushed forth as a cooking pot boils, until it filled up and became level with its edge. They were scooping from its side until they drank their fill, to the last of them. Over the water that day were a group of hypocrites, among them ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy. Aws b. Khawlī said: "Woe to you, O Abū al-Ḥubāb! Is it not that you should see what you are upon? Is there anything after this?" He said: "I have seen the like of this." Aws said: "May Allah make you ugly and make your opinion ugly." Ibn Ubayy then came toward the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: "O Abū al-Ḥubāb, did I see the like of what I saw today?" He said: "I have never seen the like of it." He said: "Then why did you say it?" Ibn Ubayy said: "O Messenger of Allah, ask forgiveness for me." His son ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh ؓ said: "O Messenger of Allah, ask forgiveness for him." So he asked forgiveness for him. Ibn Isḥāq and Muḥammad b. ʿUmar narrated from al-Barāʾ b. ʿĀzib ؓ who said: I am the one who descended with the arrow. And Allah knows best. Another account: Al-Barāʾ said: We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at al-Ḥudaybiyah, fourteen hundred men, and al-Ḥudaybiyah is a well. We came to it, and upon it there were fifty sheep that it did not water. We took its water in small amounts and did not leave a drop in it. Ibn ʿAbbās said: The heat was intense, and the people complained of thirst. That reached the Prophet ﷺ, and he came and sat on its edge, then he called for a vessel—and in one wording, a bucket—and performed ablution in the bucket, then rinsed his mouth and supplicated, then poured it into it. We left it not far off, and then it supplied us as much as we wished, we and our mounts. Al-Barāʾ said: I saw the last of us come out with a garment, fearing drowning, until it flowed as a stream. Ibn ʿAbbās and ʿUrwah said: It gushed with water until they began scooping with their hands from it while sitting on its edge. Another account: Al-Bukhārī narrated in al-Maghāzī and in al-Ashribah, from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, from Salamah b. al-Akwaʿ ؓ, both said: The people became thirsty on the day of al-Ḥudaybiyah, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had before him a small leather water container. Jābir said in one narration: The afternoon prayer had come, and we had no water except a small leftover, so it was put in a vessel and brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He performed ablution from it, then the people came toward him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "What is the matter with you?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, we have no water to perform ablution with or to drink except what is in your water container." So I emptied it into a cup, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ placed his hand in the cup, and the water began to gush from between his fingers like springs. We drank and performed ablution. Sālim b. Abī al-Jaʿd said: I said to Jābir: "How many were you that day?" He said: "Had we been a hundred thousand, it would have sufficed us. We were fifteen hundred." And from Zayd b. Khālid ؓ who said: We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the year of al-Ḥudaybiyah, and rain fell upon us one night. The Prophet ﷺ led us in the morning prayer, then he turned his face toward us and said: "Do you know what your Lord has said?" We said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said: "Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: 'Among My servants this morning there is a believer and a disbeliever. As for the believer, he is the one who says: We were given rain by the mercy of Allah and the bounty of Allah, so he is a believer in Me and a disbeliever in the stars. As for the one who says: We were given rain by such-and-such a star'—and in one narration: by such-and-such a nawʾ—'he is a believer in the stars and a disbeliever in Me.'" Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Ibn Ubayy b. Salūl had said: "This is the nawʾ of autumn; we were given rain by Sirius." Ibn Saʿd narrated from Abū al-Malīḥ, from his father, who said: Rain fell upon us on the day of al-Ḥudaybiyah that did not wet the bottoms of our sandals, and the caller of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ announced: "Pray in your dwellings." ʿAmr b. Sālim and Busr b. Sufyān, the two Khuzāʿīs ؓ, gave as a gift at al-Ḥudaybiyah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sheep and a camel. ʿAmr b. Sālim gave Saʿd b. ʿUbādah ؓ some camels—and he was a friend of his. Saʿd brought the camels to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him that ʿAmr had given them to him. He said: "ʿAmr has given us what you see, so may Allah bless ʿAmr." Then he ordered the camels to be slaughtered and distributed among his companions, and he distributed the sheep among them to the last of them. He shared in them, and there entered upon Umm Salamah from the meat of the slaughtered camel about the same as entered upon any man of the people, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ shared in his sheep, and some of it entered upon Umm Salamah. He ﷺ ordered a garment for the one who brought the gift. The Prophet's ﷺ multiplying the water of the well of al-Ḥudaybiyah Al-Bukhārī narrated from al-Barāʾ, and Muslim from Salamah b. al-Akwaʿ ؓ, who said: We came with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to al-Ḥudaybiyah, and we were fourteen hundred, and al-Ḥudaybiyah is a well. We drew from it and did not leave a drop in it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat on its edge. Al-Barāʾ said: A bucket with water in it was brought, and he spat and supplicated. Then he said: "Leave it for a while." Salamah said: It gushed, and they watered themselves and their mounts with the water, and we drank and drew water. In other than these two narrations by way of Ibn Shihāb: He took out an arrow from his quiver and placed it in the shaft of a well in which there was no water, and he watered the people until they set up their tents at a watering place. The Prophet's ﷺ multiplying the water of the well of Anas b. Mālik ؓ Abū Nuʿaym and al-Bazzār narrated from Anas ؓ who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to our dwelling, and we gave him to drink from a well that we had in our house, called in pre-Islamic times "al-Nazūr." He spat into it, and it was never exhausted after that. The Prophet's ﷺ multiplying the water of the well of Ghars Ibn Saʿd narrated from Saʿīd b. Ruqaysh, from Anas ؓ, who said: We came with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Qubāʾ, and he came to the well of Ghars. Water was drawn from it on a donkey, and then we would stand most of the day without finding any water in it. He rinsed his mouth in the bucket and returned it, and it gushed with abundant water. The Prophet's ﷺ multiplying the water of the two water-skins Imām Aḥmad, the two Shaykhs, al-Ṭabarānī, and al-Bayhaqī narrated from ʿImrān b. Ḥuṣayn ؓ: We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a journey, and the people complained to him of thirst. He dismounted, then he called ʿAlī and another man—and in one narration: and ʿImrān b. Ḥuṣayn—and said: "Go and seek water, for you will find a woman at such-and-such a place with a camel upon which are two water-skins. Bring her." They went and met a woman between two water-skins of water on a camel of hers. They said to her: "Where is the water?" She said: "My last sight of water was yesterday at this hour." They said to her: "Then come along." She said: "To where?" They said: "To the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." She said: "The one who is called the Ṣābiʾ?" They said: "He is the one you mean." They went and brought her to the Prophet ﷺ and told him the story. He said: They made her dismount from her camel, and the Prophet ﷺ called for a vessel. He poured into it from the mouths of the two water-skins, rinsed his mouth in the water, and returned it to the mouths of the two water-skins, and he tied their mouths, and he loosened the two saddle-bags, and it was announced among the people: "Drink and draw water." So whoever wished drank, and whoever wished drew water, and we filled every water-skin we had and every vessel. She was standing, watching what was done with her water. By Allah, he departed from her, and it seemed to her that it was more full than when he began with it. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Gather food for her." They gathered for her from pressed dates, flour, and meal until they collected food for her, put it in a cloth, and mounted her on her camel, and placed the cloth before her. They said to her: "You know that we have not taken anything from your water, but it is Allah who gave us to drink." The ḥadīth includes that she and her people became Muslims after that. The sweetness of the water of a well in Yemen by his ﷺ blessing Ibn al-Sakan narrated from Hammām b. Nuqayd al-Saʿdī, who said: I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah, we dug a well for ourselves, and it turned out salty." He handed me a vessel with water in it and said: "Pour it." I poured it into it, and it became sweet, and it is the sweetest water of a well in Yemen. The springing of water from the earth for him ﷺ Ibn Saʿd narrated from ʿAmr b. Saʿīd, who said: Abū Ṭālib said: The first thing I disapproved of from my nephew was that we were at Dhū al-Majāz with our camels, and he was riding behind me on a hot day. Severe thirst afflicted me, and I said to him: "O son of my brother, thirst has distressed me." He bent his leg and dismounted, and said: "O uncle, do you want water?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Dismount." I dismounted, and he came to a rock and struck it with his foot and said something, and water sprang forth the like of which I had never seen. I drank until I was satisfied. He said: "Are you satisfied?" I said: "Yes." He struck it a second time, and it returned as it had been.
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