Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1227
The Expedition of al-Khandaq (the Confederates)
ذِكْرُ الْآيَاتِ الَّتِي وَقَعَتْ لَمَّا أَصَابَتْهُمُ الْمَجَاعَةُ فِي حَفْرِ الْخَنْدَقِ رَوَى الشَّيْخَانِ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَالْحَاكِمُ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ: أَنَّ جَابِرًا رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ عَاصِبًا بَطْنَهُ بِحَجَرٍ مِنَ الْجُوعِ وَأَنَّهُمْ لَبِثُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ لَا يَذُوقُونَ ذَوَّاقًا. قَالَ جَابِرٌ: فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَنْزِلِ فَأَذِنَ لِي، فَذَهَبْتُ فَقُلْتُ لِامْرَأَتِي: أَنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَمِصًا شَدِيدًا، مَا فِي ذَلِكَ صَبْرٌ، فَعِنْدَكِ شَيْءٌ ؟ قَالَتْ: عِنْدِي صَاعٌ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَعَنَاقٌ، فَأَخْرَجَتْ إِنَاءً فِيهِ صَاعٌ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ، وَذَبَحَتِ الْعَنَاقَ، وَطَحَنَتِ الشَّعِيرَ، وَجَعَلْنَا اللَّحْمَ فِي الْبُرْمَةِ، فَلَمَّا انْكَسَرَ الْعَجِينُ وَكَادَتِ الْبُرْمَةُ أَنْ تَنْضَجَ وَأَمْسَيْنَا، وَأَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الِانْصِرَافَ- قَالَ: وَكُنَّا نَعْمَلُ نَهَارًا، فَإِذَا أَمْسَيْنَا رَجَعْنَا إِلَى أَهْلِنَا- قَالَتْ لِي: لَا تَفْضَحْنِي بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ. فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَارَرْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ: طُعَيِّمٌ لِي، فَقُمْ أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَرَجُلٌ أَوْ رَجُلَانِ. فَشَبَّكَ أَصَابِعَهُ فِي أَصَابِعِي وَقَالَ: كَمْ هُوَ ؟ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: كَثِيرٌ طَيِّبٌ لَا تُنْزِلُنَّ بُرْمَتَكُمْ وَلَا تَخْبِزُنَّ عَجِينَكُمْ حَتَّى أَجِيءَ، وَصَاحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «يَا أَهْلَ الْخَنْدَقِ إِنَّ جَابِرًا قَدْ صَنَعَ لَكُمْ سُورًا فَحَيَّ، هَلَّا بِكُمْ»، وَصَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُقَدِّمُ النَّاسَ، وَلَقِيتُ مِنَ الْحَيَاءِ مَا لَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، وَقُلْتُ: جَاءَ الْخَلْقُ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهَا لَلْفَضِيحَةُ عَلَى صَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَعَنَاقٍ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي فَقُلْتُ: وَيْحَكِ ! جَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُمْ، فَقَالَتْ: بِكَ وَبِكَ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: هَلْ سَأَلَكَ ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: قَالَتْ: أَنْتَ دَعَوْتَهُمْ أَوْ هُوَ ؟ قُلْتُ: بَلْ هُوَ دَعَاهُمْ. قَالَتْ: دَعْهُمُ، اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، نَحْنُ قَدْ أَخْبَرْنَاهُ بِمَا عِنْدَنَا. فَكَشَفَتْ عَنِّي. فَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ: «ادْخُلُوا عَشَرَةً عَشَرَةً، وَلَا تَضَاغَطُوا»، فَأَخْرَجَتْ لَهُ عَجِينًا فَبَصَقَ فِيهِ وَبَارَكَ، ثُمَّ عَمَدَ إِلَى بُرْمَتِنَا فَبَصَقَ فِيهَا وَبَارَكَ، فَقَالَ لَنَا: «اخْبِزُوا وَاغْرِفُوا وَغَطُّوا الْبُرْمَةَ، ثُمَّ أَخْرِجُوا الْخُبْزَ مِنَ التَّنُّورِ، وَغَطُّوا الْخُبْزَ» ، فَفَعَلْنَا، فَجَعَلْنَا نَغْرِفُ وَيُغَطِّي الْبُرْمَةَ، ثُمَّ يَفْتَحُهَا فَمَا نَرَاهَا نَقَصَتْ شَيْئًا، وَيُخْرِجُ الْخُبْزَ مِنَ التَّنُّورِ، ثُمَّ يُغَطِّيهِ فَمَا نَرَاهُ نَقَصَ شَيْئًا، فَجَعَلَ يَكْسِرُ الْخُبْزَ وَيَجْعَلُ عَلَيْهِ اللَّحْمَ، وَيُقَرِّبُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ: «كُلُوا». فَإِذَا شَبِعَ قَوْمٌ قَامُوا، ثُمَّ دَعَا غَيْرَهُمْ حَتَّى أَكَلُوا وَهُمْ أَلْفٌ، وَانْحَرَفُوا وَإِنَّ بُرْمَتَنَا لَتَغُطُّ كَمَا هِيَ، وَإِنَّ عَجِينَنَا لَيُخْبَزُ كَمَا هُوَ، فَقَالَ: «كُلُوا وَاهْدُوا، فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ أَصَابَتْهُمْ مَجَاعَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ». فَلَمْ نَزَلْ نَأْكُلُ وَنُهْدِي يَوْمَنَا ذَلِكَ أَجْمَعَ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَهَبَ ذَلِكَ. [ الْبَرَكَةُ فِي طَعَامِ جَابِرٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ مِينَا، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: عَمِلْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْخَنْدَقِ، فَكَانَتْ عِنْدِي شُوَيْهَةٌ، غَيْرُ جِدٍّ سَمِينَةٌ. قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: وَاَللَّهِ لَوْ صَنَعْنَاهَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؛ قَالَ: فَأَمَرْتُ امْرَأَتِي، فَطَحَنَتْ لَنَا شَيْئًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ، فَصَنَعَتْ لَنَا مِنْهُ خُبْزًا، وَذَبَحَتْ تِلْكَ الشَّاةَ، فَشَوَيْنَاهَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَمْسَيْنَا وَأَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الِانْصِرَافَ عَنْ الْخَنْدَقِ - قَالَ: وَكُنَّا نَعْمَلُ فِيهِ نَهَارَنَا، فَإِذَا أَمْسَيْنَا رَجَعْنَا إلَى أَهَالِيِنَا - قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنِّي قَدْ صَنَعْتُ لَكَ شُوَيْهَةً كَانَتْ عِنْدَنَا، وَصَنَعْنَا مَعَهَا شَيْئًا مِنْ خُبْزِ هَذَا الشَّعِيرِ، فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ تَنْصَرِفَ مَعِي إلَى مَنْزِلِي، وَإِنَّمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ مَعِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحْدَهُ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَنْ قُلْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ صَارِخًا فَصَرَخَ: أَنْ انْصَرِفُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى بَيْتِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؛ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: إنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ قَالَ: فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ، قَالَ: فَجَلَسَ وَأَخْرَجْنَاهَا إلَيْهِ. قَالَ: فَبَرَّكَ وَسَمَّى ( اللَّهَ )، ثُمَّ أَكَلَ، وَتَوَارَدَهَا النَّاسُ، كُلَّمَا فَرَغَ قَوْمٌ قَامُوا وَجَاءَ نَاسٌ، حَتَّى صَدَرَ أَهْلُ الْخَنْدَقِ عَنْهَا.
Translation
✧ Mention of the signs that occurred when famine befell them during the digging of the trench The two Shaykhs, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar, al-Ḥākim, and al-Bayhaqī related from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, and al-Ṭabarānī from Ibn ʿAbbās ؓ: that Jābir saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of the trench binding his belly with a stone out of hunger, and that they remained three days without tasting any morsel. Jābir said: I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for permission to go home, and he permitted me. So I went and said to my wife: I have seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ severely famished; there is no enduring that. Do you have anything? She said: I have a ṣāʿ of barley and a young she-goat. She brought out a vessel containing a ṣāʿ of barley, slaughtered the she-goat, ground the barley, and we put the meat in the cooking pot. When the dough had risen and the pot was nearly cooked, evening came, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wanted to depart—he said: We used to work by day, and when evening came we returned to our families—she said to me: Do not disgrace me before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and those with him. So I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and whispered to him, saying: I have a little food; arise, O Messenger of Allah, you and a man or two. He interlaced his fingers with mine and said: How much is it? I told him, and he said: Plenty and good. Do not take down your pot or bake your dough until I come. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called out: "O people of the trench, Jābir has prepared a feast for you, so come on, hasten to it." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ began sending the people forward, and I met with such shame as only Allah, blessed and exalted, knows. I said: The people have come. By Allah, this is a disgrace over a ṣāʿ of barley and a young she-goat. So I entered upon my wife and said: Woe to you! The Prophet ﷺ has come with the Emigrants, the Helpers, and those with them. She said: Did he question you? I said: Yes. In another version: She said: Did you invite them or did he? I said: Rather he invited them. She said: Leave them; Allah and His Messenger know best. We have already told him what we have. Then she uncovered me. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered and said: "Enter in groups of ten, do not crowd one another." She brought out dough to him, and he spat into it and blessed it. Then he went to our pot, spat into it, and blessed it. He said to us: "Bake, ladle out, and cover the pot. Then take out the bread from the oven and cover the bread." So we did. We began ladling out while he covered the pot, then he would open it and we saw it had not diminished at all. He took bread from the oven, then covered it, and we saw it had not diminished at all. He began breaking the bread, placing meat on it, handing it to his companions, and saying to them: "Eat." When a group was full they arose, and then he called others until they had eaten—they were a thousand—and they departed while our pot was still bubbling as it was and our dough was being baked as it was. He said: "Eat and give gifts, for the people have been afflicted with severe famine." We continued eating and giving gifts that entire day, and when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ departed, that ceased. [The blessing in the food of Jābir] Ibn Isḥāq said: Saʿīd b. Mīnā narrated to me from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, who said: We worked with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at the trench, and I had a small ewe, not very fat. He said: I said: By Allah, if only we could prepare it for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: So I ordered my wife, and she ground some barley for us, made bread from it, slaughtered that ewe, and we roasted it for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: When evening came and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wanted to depart from the trench—he said: We used to work in it by day, and when evening came we returned to our families—he said: I said: O Messenger of Allah, I have prepared for you a small ewe that we had, and with it some bread of this barley, and I would like you to depart with me to my house; I only wanted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to depart with me alone. He said: When I said that to him, he said: Yes. Then he ordered a caller, who called out: Depart with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the house of Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh. He said: I said: Indeed we belong to Allah and indeed to Him we return. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came forward, and the people came forward with him. He said: He sat down, and we brought it out to him. He said: He invoked blessing and pronounced the name of Allah, then ate. The people took turns over it; whenever a group finished they arose and others came, until the people of the trench had all finished from it.
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