al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 3655
✧ The interpretation of Surah Ham Ancesq.
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا الْعَنْبَرِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ السَّلَامِ أَنْبَأَ إِسْحَاقُ أَنْبَأَ حَكَّامُ بْنُ سَلْمٍ الرَّازِيُّ وَكَانَ ثِقَةً ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّازِيُّ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبَّادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبَابِلَ هَارُوتَ وَمَارُوتَ} [البقرة 102] الْآيَةُ قَالَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ بَعْدَ آدَمَ وَقَعُوا فِي الشِّرْكِ اتَّخَذُوا هَذِهِ الْأَصْنَامَ وَعَبَدُوا غَيْرَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَجَعَلَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَدْعُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَيَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا خَلَقْتَ عِبَادَكَ فَأَحْسَنْتَ خَلْقَهُمْ وَرَزَقْتَهُمْ فَأَحْسَنْتَ رِزْقَهُمْ فَعَصَوْكَ وَعَبَدُوا غَيْرَكَ اللَّهُمَّ اللَّهُمَّ يَدْعُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الرَّبُّ ﷻ إِنَّهُمْ فِي غَيْبٍ فَجَعَلُوا لَا يَعْذُرُونَهُمْ فَقَالَ اخْتَارُوا مِنْكُمُ اثْنَيْنِ أُهْبِطُهُمَا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَآمُرُهُمَا وَأَنْهَاهُمَا فَاخْتَارُوا هَارُوتَ وَمَارُوتَ قَالَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ فِيهِمَا وَقَالَ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا شَرِبَا الْخَمْرَ وَانْتَشَيَا وَقَعَا بِالْمَرْأَةِ وَقَتَلَا النَّفْسَ فَكَثُرَ اللَّغَطُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَبَيْنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِمَا وَمَا يَعْمَلَانِ فَفِي ذَلِكَ أُنْزِلَتْ {وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ} [الشورى 5] الْآيَةُ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَعْذُرُونَ أَهْلَ الْأَرْضِ وَيَدْعُونَ لَهُمْ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Zakariyyā al-ʿAnbarī
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Salām Anbaʾ Isḥāq Anbaʾ Ḥakkām b. Salm al-Rāzī and Kān Thiqah
- Abū Jaʿfar al-Rāzī
- al-Rabīʿ b. Anas
- Qays b. ʿAbbād
- Ibn ʿAbbās
✧ "People, after Adam, fell into polytheism, they took these idols and worshipped other than Allah. So the angels made supplication against them and said, 'Our Lord, You created Your servants and You perfected their creation and You provided for them and You provided them with good provisions. They disobeyed You and worshipped other than You, O Allah. O Allah, they make supplication against them.' So the Lord, the Exalted and Majestic, said to them, 'Indeed, they are in error, so they shall not be excused.' He said, 'Choose two from among you who will descend to the earth and I will order them and they will be forbidden. So they chose Harut and Marut. He said, and the narration mentions their trial and it says, 'So when they drank alcohol and became intoxicated and they fell into unlawful sexual intercourse and they killed a soul, the commotion increased between them and the angels. So they looked at what they were doing and in response to that, (the verse) was revealed, 'And the angels exalt ( Allah) with praise of their Lord and ask forgiveness for those on earth' (Surah Ash-Shura, 42:5). He said, 'So afterward the angels made excuses for the people of the earth and supplicated for them.'
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