45. The Expedition of al-ʿUshayrah

1. Sirat Ibn Hisham 687No grade recorded

   غَزْوَةُ الْعَشِيرَةِ [ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ في غزوة العشيرة ] ثُمَّ غَزَا قُرَيْشًا، فَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْأَسَدِ، فِيمَا قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ. [ الطَّرِيقُ إلَى الْعَشِيرَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَسَلَكَ عَلَى نَقْبِ بَنِي دِينَارٍ، ثُمَّ عَلَى فَيْفَاءِ الْخَبَارِ، فَنَزَلَ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ بِبَطْحَاءِ ابْنِ أَزْهَرَ، يُقَالُ لَهَا: ذَاتُ السَّاقِ، فَصَلَّى عِنْدَهَا. فَثَمَّ مَسْجِدُهُ ﷺ، وَصُنِعَ لَهُ عِنْدَهَا طَعَامٌ، فَأَكَلَ مِنْهُ، وَأَكَلَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ، فَمَوْضِعُ أَثَافِيِّ الْبُرْمَةِ مَعْلُومٌ هُنَالِكَ، وَاسْتُقِيَ لَهُ مِنْ مَاءٍ بِهِ، يُقَالُ لَهُ: الْمُشْتَرِبُ، ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَرَكَ الْخَلَائِقَ بِيَسَارِ، وَسَلَكَ شُعْبَةً يُقَالُ لَهَا: شُعْبَةُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَذَلِكَ اسْمُهَا الْيَوْمُ، ثُمَّ صَبَّ لِلْيَسَارِ حَتَّى هَبَطَ يَلَيْلَ، فَنَزَلَ بِمُجْتَمَعِهِ وَمُجْتَمَعِ الضَّبُوعَةِ، وَاسْتَقَى مِنْ بِئْرٍ بِالضَّبُوعَةِ، ثُمَّ سَلَكَ الْفَرْشَ: فَرْشَ مَلَلٍ، حَتَّى لَقِيَ الطَّرِيقَ بِصُحَيْرَاتِ الْيَمَامِ، ثُمَّ اعْتَدَلَ بِهِ الطَّرِيقُ، حَتَّى نَزَلَ الْعُشَيْرَةَ مِنْ بَطْنِ يَنْبُعَ. فَأَقَامَ بِهَا جُمَادَى الْأُولَى وَلَيَالِيَ مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ، وَدَعَا فِيهَا بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ وَحُلَفَاءَهُمْ مِنْ بَنِي ضَمْرَةَ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَلَمْ يَلْقَ كَيْدًا.

   ✧ The Expedition of al-ʿAshīrah [Abū Salamah over Madinah during the expedition of al-ʿAshīrah] Then he raided Quraysh, and appointed over Madinah Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Asad, according to what Ibn Hishām said. [The route to al-ʿAshīrah] Ibn Isḥāq said: He took the mountain pass of Banū Dīnār, then went on to Fayfāʾ al-Khabbār, and alighted beneath a tree at the stream-bed of Ibn Azhar, called Dhāt al-Sāq, and prayed there. There is his mosque ﷺ, and food was prepared for him there, and he ate from it, and the people ate with him. The place of the stones of the cooking-pot is known there, and water was drawn for him from a spring there, called al-Mushtarib. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ departed, leaving al-Khalāʾiq on his left, and took a mountain pass called Shuʿbat ʿAbd Allāh, which is its name today. Then he descended to the left until he came down to Yalyal, and alighted at its meeting-place and the meeting-place of al-Ḍabūʿah, and drew water from a well at al-Ḍabūʿah. Then he took al-Farsh, Farsh Malal, until he met the road at Ṣuḥayrāt al-Yamām. Then the road led him straight until he alighted at al-ʿUshayrah in the interior of Yanbuʿ. He stayed there during Jumādā al-Ūlā and some nights of Jumādā al-Ākhirah, and summoned during it Banū Mudlij and their allies from Banū Ḍamrah. Then he returned to Madinah, and met no stratagem.

2. Sirat Ibn Hisham 688No grade recorded

   [ تَكْنِيَةُ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ لِعَلِيِّ بِأَبِي تُرَابٍ ] وَفِي تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةِ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا قَالَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَيْثَمٍ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَيْثَمٍ أَبِي يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَنَا وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَفِيقَيْنِ فِي غَزْوَةِ الْعُشَيْرَةِ؛ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَقَامَ بِهَا؛ رَأَيْنَا أُنَاسًا مِنْ بَنِي مُدْلِجَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِي عَيْنٍ لَهُمْ وَفِي نَخْلٍ؛ فَقَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ: يَا أَبَا الْيَقْظَانِ، هَلْ لَكَ فِي أَنْ تَأْتِيَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ، فَنَنْظُرُ كَيْفَ يَعْمَلُونَ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: إنْ شِئْتَ؛ قَالَ: فَجِئْنَاهُمْ، فَنَظَرْنَا إلَى عَمَلِهِمْ سَاعَةً، ثُمَّ غَشِيَنَا النَّوْمُ. فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَعَلِيٌّ حَتَّى اضْطَجَعْنَا فِي صُورٍ مِنْ النَّخْلِ، وَفِي دَقْعَاءَ مِنْ التُّرَابِ فَنِمْنَا، فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا أَهَبَّنَا إلَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ يُحَرِّكُنَا بِرِجْلِهِ. وَقَدْ تَتَرَّبْنَا مِنْ تِلْكَ الدَّقْعَاءِ الَّتِي نِمْنَا فِيهَا، فَيَوْمَئِذٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ: مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا تُرَابٍ ؟ لِمَا يَرَى عَلَيْهِ مِنْ التُّرَابِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَلَا أُحَدِّثُكُمَا بِأَشْقَى النَّاسِ رَجُلَيْنِ ؟ قُلْنَا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: أُحَيْمِرُ ثَمُودٍ الَّذِي عَقَرَ النَّاقَةَ، وَاَلَّذِي يَضْرِبُكَ يَا عَلِيُّ عَلَى هَذِهِ - وَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ - حَتَّى يَبُلَّ مِنْهَا هَذِهِ. وَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إنَّمَا سَمَّى عَلِيًّا أَبَا تُرَابٍ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ إذَا عَتَبَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ فِي شَيْءٍ لَمْ يُكَلِّمْهَا، وَلَمْ يَقُلْ لَهَا شَيْئًا تَكْرَهُهُ، إلَّا أَنَّهُ يَأْخُذُ تُرَابًا فَيَضَعُهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ. قَالَ: فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إذَا رَأَى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ عَاتِبٌ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ، فَيَقُولُ: مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا تُرَابٍ ؟ فَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَيَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ

   ✧ [The Prophet ﷺ giving ʿAlī the kunyah Abū Turāb] And in that expedition he said to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ﷺ what he said. Ibn Isḥāq said: Yazīd b. Muḥammad b. Khaytham al-Muḥāribī narrated to me, from Muḥammad b. Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, from Muḥammad b. Khaytham Abī Yazīd, from ʿAmmār b. Yāsir, who said: ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib and I were companions in the expedition of al-ʿUshayrah. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ encamped there and stayed, we saw some people of Banū Mudlij working at a spring of theirs and in a palm-grove. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib said to me: 'O Abu al-Yaqẓān, would you like to go to those people so we can see how they work?' I said: 'If you wish.' He said: 'So we went to them and watched their work for a while, then sleep overcame us. ʿAlī and I went and lay down in a palm-grove, on soft, fine soil, and slept. By Allah, nothing woke us but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ moving us with his foot. We had become dusty from that soft soil in which we had slept. That day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib: 'What is with you, O Abū Turāb?' because of the dust he saw on him. Then he said: 'Shall I not tell you of the two most wretched of men?' We said: 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'The ruddy one of Thamūd who hamstrung the she-camel, and the one who will strike you, O ʿAlī, on this'—and he placed his hand on the top of his head—'until this becomes wet from it.' And he took hold of his beard. Ibn Isḥāq said: Some people of knowledge have narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called ʿAlī Abū Turāb only because, when he was angry with Fāṭimah about something, he would not speak to her or say anything she disliked, except that he would take some dust and put it on his head. He said: So when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw dust on him, he knew that he was angry with Fāṭimah, and would say: 'What is with you, O Abū Turāb?' But Allah knows best which of these it was.