12. Fear Prayer

1. Sahih al-Bukhari 942In al-Bukhari or Muslim

   غَزَوْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ فَوَازَيْنَا الْعَدُوَّ فَصَافَفْنَا لَهُمْ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي لَنَا فَقَامَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مَعَهُ تُصَلِّي وَأَقْبَلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ وَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَنْ مَعَهُ وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا مَكَانَ الطَّائِفَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ تُصَلِّ فَجَاءُوا فَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ فَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَرَكَعَ لِنَفْسِهِ رَكْعَةً وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ

   I asked Az-Zuhri, "Did the Prophet ﷺ ever offer the Fear Prayer?" Az-Zuhri said, "I was told by Salim that ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar I had said, 'I took part in a holy battle with Messenger of Allah ﷺ I in Najd. We faced the enemy and arranged ourselves in rows. Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up to lead the prayer and one party stood to pray with him while the other faced the enemy. Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the former party bowed and performed two prostrations. Then that party left and took the place of those who had not prayed. Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed one rakʿa (with the latter) and performed two prostrations and finished his prayer with Taslim. Then everyone of them bowed once and performed two prostrations individually.' "

2. Sahih al-Bukhari 943In al-Bukhari or Muslim

   إِذَا اخْتَلَطُوا قِيَامًا وَزَادَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَإِنْ كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيُصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَرُكْبَانًا

   Ibn ʿUmar said something similar to Mujahid's saying: Whenever (Muslims and non-Muslims) stand face to face in battle, the Muslims can pray while standing. Ibn ʿUmar added, "The Prophet ﷺ said, 'If the number of the enemy is greater than the Muslims, they can pray while standing or riding (individually).' "

3. Sahih al-Bukhari 944In al-Bukhari or Muslim

   قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقَامَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ فَكَبَّرَ وَكَبَّرُوا مَعَهُ وَرَكَعَ وَرَكَعَ نَاسٌ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ لِلثَّانِيَةِ فَقَامَ الَّذِينَ سَجَدُوا وَحَرَسُوا إِخْوَانَهُمْ وَأَتَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الأُخْرَى فَرَكَعُوا وَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ وَالنَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ فِي صَلاَةٍ وَلَكِنْ يَحْرُسُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا

   Once the Prophet ﷺ led the fear prayer and the people stood behind him. He said Takbir (Allahu-Akbar) and the people said the same. He bowed and some of them bowed. Then he prostrated and they also prostrated. Then he stood for the second rakʿa and those who had prayed the first rakʿa left and guarded their brothers. The second party joined him and performed bowing and prostration with him. All the people were in prayer but they were guarding one another during the prayer.

4. Sahih al-Bukhari 945In al-Bukhari or Muslim

   جَاءَ عُمَرُ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ فَجَعَلَ يَسُبُّ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ وَيَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا صَلَّيْتُ الْعَصْرَ حَتَّى كَادَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَنْ تَغِيبَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَنَا وَاللَّهِ مَا صَلَّيْتُهَا بَعْدُ قَالَ فَنَزَلَ إِلَى بُطْحَانَ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ بَعْدَ مَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ بَعْدَهَا

   On the day of the Khandaq ʿUmar came, cursing the disbelievers of Quraish and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have not offered the ʿAsr prayer and the sun has set." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "By Allah! I too, have not offered the prayer yet. "The Prophet ﷺ then went to Buthan, performed ablution and performed the ʿAsr prayer after the sun had set and then offered the Maghrib prayer after it."

5. Sahih al-Bukhari 946In al-Bukhari or Muslim

   قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَنَا لَمَّا رَجَعَ مِنَ الأَحْزَابِ: «لاَ يُصَلِّيَنَّ أَحَدٌ الْعَصْرَ إِلاَّ فِي بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ»، فَأَدْرَكَ بَعْضُهُمُ الْعَصْرَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لاَ نُصَلِّي حَتَّى نَأْتِيَهَا، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَلْ نُصَلِّي لَمْ يُرَدْ مِنَّا ذَلِكَ، فَذُكِرَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَلَمْ يُعَنِّفْ وَاحِدًا مِنْهُمْ.

   The Prophet ﷺ said to us when he returned from al-Ahzab: "No one should pray Asr except in Banu Qurayzah." Then Asr caught up with some of them on the wat. Some of them said, "We will not pray until we reach it," while others said, "Rather, we will pray; that was not intended of us." This was mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ, and he did not reproach any one of them.

6. Sahih al-Bukhari 947In al-Bukhari or Muslim

   أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ بِغَلَسٍ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ فَخَرَجُوا يَسْعَوْنَ فِي السِّكَكِ وَيَقُولُونَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَالْخَمِيسُ قَالَ وَالْخَمِيسُ الْجَيْشُ فَظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَتَلَ الْمُقَاتِلَةَ وَسَبَى الذَّرَارِيَّ فَصَارَتْ صَفِيَّةُ لِدِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ وَصَارَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَجَعَلَ صَدَاقَهَا عِتْقَهَا فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ لِثَابِتٍ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْتَ سَأَلْتَ أَنَسًا مَا أَمْهَرَهَا قَالَ أَمْهَرَهَا نَفْسَهَا فَتَبَسَّمَ

   Messenger of Allah ﷺ offered the Fajr prayer when it was still dark, then he rode and said, 'Allah Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. When we approach near to a nation, the most unfortunate is the morning of those who have been warned." The people came out into the streets saying, "Muhammad and his army." Messenger of Allah ﷺ vanquished them by force and their warriors were killed; the children and women were taken as captives. Safiya was taken by Dihya Al-Kalbi and later she belonged to Allah's Apostle go who married her and her Mahr was her manumission.