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العربية

Sunan al-Daraqutni 4471

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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّعْمَانِيُّ نا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ أَبِي خِدَاشٍ نا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ نا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ الْهُذَلِيِّ

قَالَ كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الْقَضَاءَ فَرِيضَةٌ مُحْكَمَةٌ وَسُنَّةٌ مُتَّبَعَةٌ فَافْهَمْ إِذَا أُدْلِيَّ إِلَيْكَ بِحُجَّةٍ وَأَنْفِذِ الْحَقَّ إِذَا وَضَحَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْفَعُ تَكَلُّمٌ بِحَقٍّ لَا نَفَاذَ لَهُ وَآسِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي وَجْهِكَ وَمَجْلِسِكَ وَعَدْلِكَ حَتَّى لَا يَيْأَسَ الضَّعِيفُ مِنْ عَدْلِكَ وَلَا يَطْمَعُ الشَّرِيفُ فِي حَيْفِكَ الْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَى مَنِ ادَّعَى وَالْيَمِينُ عَلَى مَنْ أَنْكَرَ وَالصُّلْحُ جَائِزٌ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا صُلْحًا أَحَلَّ حَرَامًا أَوْ حَرَّمَ حَلَالًا لَا يَمْنَعُكُ قَضَاءٌ قَضَيْتَهُ بِالْأَمْسِ رَاجَعْتَ فِيهِ نَفْسَكَ وَهُدِيتَ فِيهِ لِرُشْدِكَ أَنْ تُرَاجِعَ الْحَقَّ فَإِنَّ الْحَقَّ قَدِيمٌ وَمُرَاجَعَةَ الْحَقِّ خَيْرٌ مِنَ التَّمَادِي فِي الْبَاطِلِ الْفَهْمَ الْفَهْمَ فِيمَا يُخْتَلَجُ فِي صَدْرِكَ مِمَّا لَمْ يَبْلُغْكَ فِي الْكِتَابِ أَوِ السُّنَّةِ اعْرِفِ الْأَمْثَالَ وَالْأَشْبَاهَ ثُمَّ قِسِ الْأُمُورَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَاعْمَدْ إِلَى أَحَبِّهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَأَشْبَهِهَا بِالْحَقِّ فِيمَا تَرَى وَاجْعَلْ لِمَنِ ادَّعَى بَيِّنَةً أَمَدًا يَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ أَحْضَرَ بَيِّنَةً أَخَذَ بِحَقِّهِ وَإِلَّا وَجَّهْتَ الْقَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَجْلَى لِلْعَمَى وَأَبْلَغُ فِي الْعُذْرِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عُدُولٌ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ إِلَّا مَجْلُودٌ فِي حَدٍّ أَوْ مُجَرَّبٌ فِي شَهَادَةِ زُورٍ أَوْ ظَنِينٌ فِي وَلَاءٍ أَوْ قَرَابَةٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَوَلَّى مِنْكُمُ السَّرَائِرَ وَدَرَأَ عَنْكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَإِيَّاكَ وَالْقَلَقَ وَالضَّجَرَ وَالتَّأَذِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ وَالتَّنَكُّرَ لِلْخُصُومِ فِي مَوَاطِنَ الْحَقِّ الَّتِي يُوجِبُ اللَّهُ بِهَا الْأَجْرَ وَيُحْسِنُ بِهَا الذُّخْرَ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يُصْلِحُ نِيَّتَهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ وَلَوْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ يَكْفِهِ اللَّهُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَمَنْ تَزَيَّنَ لِلنَّاسِ بِمَا يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ يَشِنْهُ اللَّهُ فَمَا ظَنُّكَ بِثَوَابِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي عَاجِلِ رِزْقِهِ وَخَزَائِنِ رَحْمَتِهِ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. Sulaymān b. Muḥammad al-Nuʿmānī
  2. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbd al-Ṣamad b. Abū Khidāsh
  3. ʿĪsá b. Yūnus
  4. ʿUbaydullāh b. Abū Ḥumayd
  5. Abū al-Malīḥ al-Hudhalī

✧ He said: Umar b. al-Khattab wrote to Abu Musa al-Ashari: Now then, verily judging is a definitive obligation and a followed sunnah. So understand when a proof is presented to you, and enforce the truth when it becomes clear, for speaking truth with no enforcement is of no benefit. Treat people equally in your countenance, your gathering, and your justice, so that the weak does not despair of your justice and the noble does not aspire to your injustice. The proof is upon the claimant, and the oath is upon the one who denies. Settlement is permissible between Muslims, except a settlement that makes lawful what is unlawful or makes unlawful what is lawful. Let not a judgment you made yesterday, in which you reconsidered and were guided to your right course, prevent you from returning to the truth, for the truth is ancient, and returning to the truth is better than persisting in falsehood. Understand, understand what stirs in your heart of matters that have not reached you in the Book or the Sunnah. Recognize the precedents and the similarities, then analogize matters accordingly. Then aim for the most beloved to Allah and the most similar to the truth in your view. Set for the claimant a time limit to which he should adhere; if he presents evidence, he obtains his right, otherwise you direct judgment against him, for that is clearer for removing blindness and more effective in the excuse. Muslims are just witnesses against one another, except one who has been flogged for a prescribed punishment, or is known for false testimony, or is suspect in loyalty or kinship. Indeed Allah has taken charge of your secrets and warded off from you by evidence. Beware of agitation, vexation, annoyance with people, and harshness toward litigants in stations of truth which Allah makes a means of reward and a goodly store, for whoever sets his intention right between himself and Allah, even against himself, Allah will suffice him in what is between him and the people. And whoever adorns himself for people with what Allah knows is otherwise, Allah will disgrace him. What is your expectation of the reward of other than Allah, Mighty and Majestic, in His immediate provision and treasuries of mercy? And peace be upon you.

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