Dalil
العربية

Musnad al-Bazzar 6177

✧ Ata b. Abi Rabah from b. Umar

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حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنِي حَفْصُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ قَالَ:

كُنَّا مَعَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ بِمِنًى، فَجَاءَهُ فَتًى مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَقَالَ: سَأُخْبِرُكَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَاشِرَ عَشَرَةٍ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَمُعَاذٌ وَحُذَيْفَةُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ سَمَّاهُ وَأَنَا، فَجَاءَهُ فَتًى مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ: أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقًا، قَالَ: فَأَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَكْيَسُ ؟ قَالَ: أَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْمَوْتِ ذِكْرًا، وَأَحْسَنُ لَهُ اسْتِعْدَادًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِهِمْ. أَوْ قَالَ: بِهِ، أُولَئِكَ الْأَكْيَاسُ. ثُمَّ سَكَتَ الْفَتَى وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: لَمْ تَظْهَرِ الْفَاحِشَةُ فِي قَوْمٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا ظَهَرَ فِيهِمُ الطَّاعُونُ وَالْأَوْجَاعُ الَّتِي لَمْ تَكُنْ مَضَتْ فِي أَسْلَافِهِمْ، وَلَا نَقَصُوا الْمِكْيَالَ وَالْمِيزَانَ إِلَّا أُخِذُوا بِالسِّنِينَ وَشِدَّةِ الْمَئُونَةِ وَجَوْرِ السُّلْطَانِ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَلَمْ يَمْنَعُوا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ إِلَّا مُنِعُوا الْقَطْرَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ، وَلَوْلَا الْبَهَائِمُ لَمْ يُمْطَرُوا، وَلَمْ يَنْقُضُوا عَهْدَ اللهِ وَعَهْدَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَّا سُلِّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوُّهُمْ وَأَخَذُوا بَعْضَ مَا قَدْ كَانَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَحْكُمْ أَئِمَّتُهُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللهِ جَعَلَ اللهُ بَأْسَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَمَرَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ أَنْ يَتَجَهَّزَ لِسَرِيَّةٍ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَأَصْبَحَ قَدِ اعْتَمَّ بِعِمَامَةِ كَرَابِيسَ سَوْدَاءَ، فَدَعَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَنَقَضَهَا فَعَمَّمَهُ وَأَرْسَلَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَكَذَا يَا ابْنَ عَوْفٍ فَاعْتَمَّ، فَإِنَّهُ أَعْرَفُ وَأَحْسَنُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِلَالًا أَنْ يَرْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ اللِّوَاءَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اغْزُوا جَمِيعًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَقَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ، لَا تَغُلُّوا، وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا، وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا، وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا، فَهَذَا عَهْدُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَسُنَّتُهُ فِيكُمْ.

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad b. al-Faḍl
  2. Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān al-Dimashqī
  3. al-Haytham b. Ḥumayd
  4. Ḥafṣ b. Ghaylān
  5. ʿAṭāʾ b. Abū Rabāḥ

✧ We were with Ibn ʿUmar at Minā when a young man from the people of Basra came to ask him about something. He said: “I will tell you about that. I was with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as the tenth of ten in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, ʿUthmān, ʿAlī, Ibn Masʿūd, Muʿādh, Ḥudhayfah, Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, another man he named, and myself. A young man from the Anṣār came and greeted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then sat down and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, which of the believers is best?’ He said: ‘The best of them in character.’ He said: ‘Which of the believers is wisest?’ He said: ‘The most frequent of them in remembering death and the best in preparing for it before it comes upon them’—or he said: ‘upon him. Those are the wise ones.’ Then the young man fell silent and the Prophet ﷺ turned to us and said: ‘Indecency never appears among a people except that plague and pains appear among them that were not present among their ancestors. They do not cheat in weights and measures except that they are seized with years of famine, hardship, and the tyranny of rulers over them. They do not withhold the zakāt of their wealth except that rain is withheld from the sky, and were it not for the animals, they would not receive rain. They do not break the covenant of Allah and the covenant of His Messenger except that their enemy is set upon them and they lose some of what they had. When their leaders do not rule by the Book of Allah, Allah makes their might turn against one another.’ He said: Then he ordered ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf to prepare for a military expedition he placed him in command of. He appeared in the morning wearing a black cotton turban. The Prophet ﷺ called him, unwound it, and rewrapped it for him, leaving four fingers’ length hanging behind. Then he said: ‘Like this, O Ibn ʿAwf, wrap your turban, for it is more knowable and better.’ Then the Prophet ﷺ ordered Bilāl to bring the banner to him, praised Allah, and said: ‘Go forth all together in the cause of Allah and fight those who disbelieve in Allah. Do not steal from the spoils, do not act treacherously, do not mutilate, and do not kill a child. This is the covenant of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his practice for you.’”

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