Musnad al-Bazzar 10264
✧ Urwa b. al-Zubayr from Aisha
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حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ، قَالَ: / 149 - نَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ، قَالَ: نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ الْحَرَّانِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ:
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَهُوَ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَعِنْدَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعَ عِنْدَهُ عُلَمَاءُ الْبُلْدَانِ، وَهُمْ يَسْأَلُونَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ: وَآتُوا النِّسَاءَ صَدُقَاتِهِنَّ نِحْلَةً قَالَ: فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: حَدَّثَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ ؓ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي يَتَامَى مِنْ يَتَامَى نِسَاءٍ كُنَّ عِنْدَ الرِّجَالِ، فَتَكُونُ الْيَتِيمَةُ السُّوءُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ، وَهِيَ ذَاتُ مَالٍ فَلَا يَنْكِحُهَا لِسُوءِ هَيْئَتِهَا وَلَا يَدَعُهَا فَتَنْكِحُ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ فَيَرِثَهَا، وَإِنْ نَكَحَهَا أَمْسَكَهَا عَلَى غَيْرِ عَدْلٍ مِنْهُ فِي أَدَاءِ حَقِّهَا إِلَيْهَا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَتَذَرُوهُنَّ لَا تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلاثَ وَرُبَاعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلا تَعْدِلُوا فَوَاحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَلا تَعُولُوا أَيْ: لَا تَمِيلُوا وَآتُوا النِّسَاءَ صَدُقَاتِهِنَّ نِحْلَةً وَاجِبَةً. ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللاتِي لا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ فَخُفِّفَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ الْأُخْرَى
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Aḥmad
- 149
- al-Ḥasan b. Aḥmad b. Abū Shuʿayb
- Muḥammad b. Salamah al-Ḥarrānī
- Ibn Isḥāq
- al-Zuhrī
- ʿUrwah
✧ I entered upon 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz while he was governor of Madinah, and with him were a group of his companions. Scholars from various regions had gathered with him, and they were asking about this verse: 'And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then marry those that please you of women' until His saying: 'And give the women their dowers graciously.' 'Urwa said: 'A'isha ؓ narrated to me that it was revealed concerning orphan girls under the guardianship of men. An orphan girl would be in the care of a man, and she would be unattractive, but possess wealth. He would not marry her because of her unattractiveness, nor would he let her marry someone else, until she died and he would inherit from her. If he did marry her, he would keep her without being just to her in giving her due. So Allah, Blessed and Exalted, revealed: 'And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then leave them and do not marry them. Marry those that please you of women, two, three, or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then one, or those your right hands possess. That is more suitable that you may not incline (to injustice),' meaning: so that you do not deviate. 'And give the women their dowers graciously'—an obligatory gift. Then after this verse was revealed: 'And they ask you concerning women. Say: Allah gives you a ruling about them and what is recited to you in the Book concerning orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, and you desire to marry them.' Thus this other verse lightened (the matter).
Grades by grader
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Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- Mother of the Believers, the most knowledgeable woman in jurisprudence absolutely (afqah al-nisāʾ muṭlaqan)d. 57 AH, or 58 AHعَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِأم المؤمنين ، أفقه النساء مطلقاحدثتني
- trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), well-known (mashhūr)d. 91 AH, or 92, or 93 AH, or 94 AH, or 95 AH, or 99 AH, or 100 AH, or 101 AHعُرْوَةَثقة فقيه مشهورعن
- The jurist and memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), whose eminence, precision and reliability are agreed upond. Ḍamrah b. Rabīʿah and others said: 123 AH. The nephew of al-Zuhrī and others said: 124 AH. Ibn Yūnus and others said: 125 AHالزُّهْرِيِّالفقيه الحافظ ، متفق على جلالته وإتقانه وثبتهعن
- Truthful (ṣadūq), he practiced concealment (yudallis), and was accused of Shiʿism (tashayyuʿ) and of belief in free will (qadar)d. ʿAmr b. ʿAlī said, and Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. ʿArafah: 150 AH, Muḥammad b. Saʿd said elsewhere: al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: 151 AH, he said: and his son said: 150 AH. Aḥmad b. Khālid al-Wahbī said: 151 AH, Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn said, and ʿAlī Ibn al-Madīnī, and Zakariyyā b. Yaḥyā al-Sājī: 152 AH, khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ said: 153 AH, 152 AHابْنِ إِسْحَاقَصدوق يدلس ، ورمي بالتشيع والقدرعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 191 AH or 192 AH or 193 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ الْحَرَّانِيُّثقةنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), narrates unusual reports (yughrib)d. 250 AH, or 252الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍثقة يغربنا
- d. 291 AH or 292 AH or 294 AHأَحْمَدُ
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.