al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 8568
✧ Those who disliked fasting perpetually and recommended moderation in worship for one who fears weakness upon himself
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( أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أَنْبَأَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثَنَا أَبَانُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، ثَنَا غَيْلَانُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الْمِعْوَلِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الزِّمَّانِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ:
أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، كَيْفَ صَوْمُكَ أَوْ كَيْفَ تَصُومُ ؟ قَالَ: فَسَكَتَ عَنْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا. فَلَمَّا أَنْ سَكَنَ عَنْهُ الْغَضَبُ سَأَلَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، كَيْفَ صَوْمُكَ أَوْ كَيْفَ تَصُومُ ؟ أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ ؟ قَالَ: " لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ أَوْ قَالَ: مَا صَامَ وَمَا أَفْطَرَ "، قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَيْنِ وَأَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا ؟ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " وَمَنْ يُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ يَا عُمَرُ، لَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ "، قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا ؟ قَالَ: " ذَاكَ صَوْمُ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ ؟ قَالَ: " يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ وَالسَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهَا "، قَالَ: أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ ثَلَاثًا مِنَ الشَّهْرِ ؟ قَالَ: " ذَاكَ صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ "، قَالَ: أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ ؟ قَالَ: " يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ "، قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ ؟ قَالَ: " ذَاكَ يَوْمٌ وُلِدْتُ فِيهِ، وَيَوْمٌ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيَّ فِيهِ النُّبُوَّةُ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ Anbaʾ Abū Bakr b. Isḥāq al-Faqīh Anbaʾ ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
- Muslim b. Ibrāhīm
- Abān b. Yazīd
- Ghaylān b. Jarīr al-Miʿwalī
- ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad al-Zimmānī
- Abū Qatādah
Machine translation, not reviewed
A Bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said to him: "O Prophet of God, how is your fasting?" or "How do you fast?" He said: The Prophet ﷺ was silent toward him and did not reply to him with anything. Then when the anger had subsided in him, ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb asked him and said to him: "O Prophet of God, how is your fasting?" or "How do you fast? What do you say about one who fasts all of time?" He said: "He neither fasted nor broke his fast," or he said: "He did not fast and he did not break his fast." He said: "O Messenger of God, what do you say about one who fasts two days and breaks his fast one day?" The Prophet ﷺ said: "And who is able to do that, O ʿUmar? I would love that I had done so." He said: "O Messenger of God, what do you say about one who fasts one day and breaks his fast one day?" He said: "That is the fasting of Dāwūd, peace be upon him." He said: "O Prophet of God, what do you say about one who fasts the day of ʿArafah?" He said: "It expiates the year and the year before it." He said: "What do you say about one who fasts three days of the month?" He said: "That is fasting of all time." He said: "What do you say about one who fasts the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ?" He said: "It expiates the year." He said: "O Messenger of God, what do you say about one who fasts on Monday?" He said: "That is a day on which I was born, and a day on which prophethood was sent down upon me."
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Dāraquṭnī
رواه أبو هلال الراسبي محمد بن سليم عن غيلان بن جرير عن عبد الله بن معبد الزماني عن أبي قتادة الأنصاري عن عمر عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وغير أبي هلال يرويه عن غيلان بن جرير عن عبد الله بن معبد عن أبي قتادة أن عمر سأل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فيكون من مسند أبي قتادة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كذلك قال شعبة وأبان العطار وهو الصحيح
machine translationAbū Hilāl al-Rāsibī Muḥammad b. Sulaym narrated it from Ghaylān b. Jarīr, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad al-Zimmānī, from Abū Qatādah al-Anṣārī, from ʿUmar, from the Prophet ﷺ. Others besides Abū Hilāl narrate it from Ghaylān b. Jarīr, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, from Abū Qatādah, that ʿUmar asked the Prophet ﷺ, so it is part of the musnad of Abū Qatādah from the Prophet ﷺ. So said Shuʿbah and Abān al-ʿAṭṭār, and it is the sound version.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8568 - Dāraquṭnī
سئل عن حديث عبد الله بن معبد الزماني عن أبي قتادة أن رسول الله سئل عن رجل صام الدهر فقال لا صام ولا أفطر وسئل عمن يصوم يومين ويفطر يوما قال وأيكم يطيق ذلك الحديث بطوله فقال يرويه غيلان بن جرير عن عبد الله بن معبد الزماني واختلف عنه فرواه قتادة واختلف عنه فقال سعيد بن أبي عروبة وحماد بن سلمة وقيل عن شعبة عن قتادة عن غيلان عن عبد الله بن معبد عن أبي قتادة ورواه منصور بن زاذان والحكم بن هشام عن قتادة عن عبد الله بن معبد عن أبي قتادة لم يذكر بينهما غيلان وقيل عن الحكم عن أيوب عن عبد الله بن معبد ولا يصح ذكر أيوب فيه ورواه شعبة بن الحجاج ومهدي بن ميمون وأبان العطار وأبو هلال الراسبي وحماد بن زيد عن غيلان عن عبد الله بن معبد عن أبي قتادة إلا أن أبا هلال من بينهم جعله عن أبي قتادة عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه والصحيح عن أبي قتادة أنه سمع رجلا سأل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن الصيام فقال عمر بن الخطاب يا رسول الله كيف من يصوم الدهر ورواه حجاج بن الحجاج عن غيلان واختلف عنه فرواه إبراهيم بن طهمان عن حجاج عن غيلان عن عبد الله بن معبد عن أبي قتادة وخالفه هارون بن مسلم العجلي وكان ضعيفا رواه عن حجاج عن غيلان عن عبد الله بن معبد عن عبد الله بن أبي قتادة ووهم في ذكر عبد الله بن أبي قتادة والصواب قول قتادة وشعبة ومن وافقهما
machine translationHe was asked about the hadith of ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad al-Zimmānī, from Abū Qatādah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a man who fasts perpetually, and he said: "He neither fasted nor broke his fast." He was also asked about one who fasts two days and breaks his fast one day, and he said: "And which of you is able to do that?" (the hadith in its full length). He said: It is narrated by Ghaylān b. Jarīr from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad al-Zimmānī, and there is disagreement about it from him. Qatādah narrated it, and there is disagreement about him: Saʿīd b. Abī ʿArūbah and Ḥammād b. Salamah said, and it is also said from Shuʿbah, from Qatādah, from Ghaylān, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, from Abū Qatādah. Manṣūr b. Zādhān and al-Ḥakam b. Hishām narrated it from Qatādah, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, from Abū Qatādah, without mentioning Ghaylān between them. It is also said from al-Ḥakam, from Ayyūb, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, but the mention of Ayyūb in it is not sound. Shuʿbah b. al-Ḥajjāj, Mahdī b. Maymūn, Abān al-ʿAṭṭār, Abū Hilāl al-Rāsibī and Ḥammād b. Zayd narrated it from Ghaylān, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, from Abū Qatādah, except that Abū Hilāl alone among them made it from Abū Qatādah, from ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, may Allah be pleased with him. The sound version is from Abū Qatādah that he heard a man ask the Prophet ﷺ about fasting, and ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb said: "O Messenger of Allah, what about one who fasts perpetually?" Ḥajjāj b. al-Ḥajjāj narrated it from Ghaylān, and there is disagreement about him: Ibrāhīm b. Ṭahmān narrated it from Ḥajjāj, from Ghaylān, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, from Abū Qatādah. Hārūn b. Muslim al-ʿIjlī, who was weak (ḍaʿīf), contradicted him and narrated it from Ḥajjāj, from Ghaylān, from ʿAbdullāh b. Maʿbad, from ʿAbdullāh b. Abī Qatādah. He erred in mentioning ʿAbdullāh b. Abī Qatādah. The correct version is the statement of Qatādah, Shuʿbah and those who agree with them.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8568
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- He took part in Uḥud and the battles after itd. al-Ḥasan b. ʿUthmān said: 40 AH, al-Wāqidī said: 54 AH, the people of Kufa reported that he died: 38 AH, al-Bukhārī mentioned him in al-Awsaṭ, among those who died between 50 AH and 60 AHأَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَارِسُ رَسُولِ اللهِشهد أحدا وما بعدهاعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 81 and 90 AHعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الزِّمَّانِيِّثقةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 129 AHغَيْلَانُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الْمِعْوَلِيُّثقةحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), with some unique narrations (afrād)d. around 160 AHأَبَانُ بْنُ يَزِيدَثقة له أفرادحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), dependable (maʾmūn), a prolific narrator (mukthir); he went blind at the end of his lifed. Ibn Saʿd and others said: 222 AH, in «Zahrat al-Mutaʿallimīn»: 221 AHمُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَثقة مأمون مكثر ، عمي بآخرهحدثنا
- d. 286 AH, and it is said: 287 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِأنبأ
- d. 342 AHأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُأنبأ
- d. 403 AH, or 405 AHأَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.