al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18940
✧ The trained animal eating from the game that it has killed
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( أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ بِبَغْدَادَ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ، ثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَبُو غَسَّانَ، ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَنْبَأَ زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، وَعَاصِمٌ الْأَحْوَلُ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ ؓ قَالَ:
سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ صَيْدِ الْمِعْرَاضِ، فَقَالَ: مَا أَصَابَ بِحَدِّهِ فَكُلْ، وَمَا أَصَابَ بِعَرْضِهِ فَهُوَ وَقِيذٌ. وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَيْدِ الْكَلْبِ، فَقَالَ: " إِذَا أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ وَذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللهِ وَأَمْسَكَ عَلَيْكَ فَكُلْ، وَإِنْ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ، وَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ مَعَهُ كَلْبًا غَيْرَ كَلْبِكَ فَخَشِيتَ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَخَذَهُ مَعَهُ وَقَدْ قَتَلَهُ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ؛ فَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا ذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللهِ عَلَى كَلْبِكَ وَلَمْ تَذْكُرْهُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū al-Ḥusayn b. Bishrān Bibaghdād Anbaʾ Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Miṣrī
- Mālik b. Yaḥyá Abū Ghassān
- Yazīd b. Hārūn Anbaʾ Zakariyyā b. Abū Zāʾidah and ʿĀṣim al-Aḥwal
- al-Shaʿbī
- ʿAdī b. Ḥātim
Machine translation, not reviewed
I asked the Prophet ﷺ about hunting with the miʿrāḍ (a headless arrow). He said: "What it strikes with its edge, eat; and what it strikes with its side is waqīdh (killed by a blow)." And I asked him about hunting with a dog, and he said: "If you send your dog and mention the name of Allah, and it catches the game for you, then eat. But if it eats any of it, do not eat. And if you find another dog with it besides your dog, and you fear that it took the game along with it and killed it, do not eat; for you only mentioned the name of Allah over your dog, and you did not mention it over another.
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- الزيلعى
قلت يا رسول الله إني أرسل كلبي وأسمي فقال إذا أرسلت كلبك وسميت فأخذ فقتل فكل فإن أكل منه فلا تأكل فإنما أمسك على نفسه قلت إني أرسل كلبي فأجد معه آخر لا أدري أيهما أخذه فقال لا تأكل فإنما سميت على كلبك ولم تسم على كلب آخر انتهى أحاديث الخصوم استدل لمالك في إباحة ما أكل منه الكلب بحديثين أحدهما أخرجه أبو داود عن داود بن عمرو الدمشقي عن بسر بن عبيد الله عن أبي إدريس الخولاني عن أبي ثعلبة قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في صيد الكلب إذا أرسلت كلبك وذكرت اسم الله فكل وإن أكل منه وكل ما ردت عليك يدك انتهى قال في التنقيح إسناده حسن الحديث الثاني أخرجه الدارقطني عن عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه عن جده أن رجلا أتى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقال له أبو ثعلبة فقال يا رسول الله صلى الله عليك وسلم إن لي كلابا مكلبة فأفتني في صيدها فقال إن كانت لك كلاب مكلبة فكل مما أمسكن عليك قال ذكي وغير ذكي قال ذكي وغير ذكي قال وإن أكل منه قال وإن أكل منه قال يا رسول الله أفتني في قوسي قال كل ما رد عليك قوسك قال ذكي وغير ذكي قال ذكي وغير ذكي قال وإن تغيب عني قال وإن تغيب عنك ما لم يصل أو تجد فيه أثرا غير سهمك انتهى قال في التنقيح إسناده صحيح قال وقد يجمع بين الأحاديث بأنه علل التحريم في حديث عدي بكونه أمسك على نفسه وفي حديث داود وعمرو يحتمل أنه أباحه لكونه أكل منه بعد انصرافه انتهى قلت يعكر هذا بما أخرجه أبو نعيم في الحلية في ترجمة الفضيل بن عياض عن علي بن ثابت الدهان ثنا الفضيل بن عياض عن يحيى بن سعيد الأنصاري عن سعيد بن المسيب عن سلمان قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا أدركت كلبك وقد أكل نصفه فكل انتهى وقال غريب تفرد به عن الفضيل علي بن ثابت والصحيح ما رواه عدي بن حاتم وإن أكل منه الكلب فلا تأكل انتهى
machine translationI said: "O Messenger of Allah, I send out my dog and mention the name of Allah." He said: "If you send out your dog and mention the name of Allah, and it seizes and kills, then eat. But if it eats from it, do not eat, for it only caught it for itself." I said: "I send out my dog and find another dog with it, and I do not know which of them seized it." He said: "Do not eat, for you mentioned the name of Allah over your dog and did not mention it over another dog." End. The hadiths of the opponents: Mālik is supported in permitting what the dog has eaten from by two hadiths. The first is what Abū Dāwūd recorded from Dāwūd b. ʿAmr al-Dimashqī, from Busr b. ʿUbaydillāh, from Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī, from Abū Thaʿlabah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, concerning the game caught by a dog: "If you send out your dog and mention the name of Allah, then eat, even if it has eaten from it, and eat whatever your hand returns to you." End. In al-Tanqīḥ he said: its chain is good (ḥasan). The second hadith is what al-Dāraquṭnī recorded from ʿAmr b. Shuʿayb, from his father, from his grandfather: that a man called Abū Thaʿlabah came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have trained hunting dogs, so give me a ruling about their game." He said: "If you have trained hunting dogs, then eat of what they catch for you." He said: "Slaughtered and not slaughtered?" He said: "Slaughtered and not slaughtered." He said: "Even if it has eaten from it?" He said: "Even if it has eaten from it." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, give me a ruling about my bow." He said: "Eat whatever your bow returns to you." He said: "Slaughtered and not slaughtered?" He said: "Slaughtered and not slaughtered." He said: "Even if it disappears from me?" He said: "Even if it disappears from you, as long as it does not rot or you find on it a mark other than your arrow." End. In al-Tanqīḥ he said: its chain is sound (ṣaḥīḥ). He said: The hadiths may be reconciled by saying that in the hadith of ʿAdī he gave as the reason for the prohibition that the dog caught it for itself, while in the hadith of Dāwūd and ʿAmr it is possible that he permitted it because the dog ate from it after turning away. End. I say: This is undermined by what Abū Nuʿaym recorded in al-Ḥilyah, in the biography of al-Fuḍayl b. ʿIyāḍ, from ʿAlī b. Thābit al-Dahhān: al-Fuḍayl b. ʿIyāḍ narrated to us, from Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Anṣārī, from Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab, from Salmān, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If you reach your dog and it has eaten half of it, then eat." End. He said: It is odd (gharīb); ʿAlī b. Thābit alone narrated it from al-Fuḍayl. The sound report is what ʿAdī b. Ḥātim narrated: "If the dog has eaten from it, do not eat." End.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 18940
Other narrations of this report
Sunan an-Nasa'i 4272Sunan an-Nasa'i 4299Sunan Ibn Majah 3212
Narrators
- Famous Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. 66 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, or 69 AHعَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الطَّائِيُّصحابي شهيرعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), well-known, a virtuous jurist (faqīh fāḍil)d. 103 AH, said by al-Haytham b. ʿAdī, and Yaḥyā b. Bukayr, Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn, 104 AH, said by Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn, and Ismāʿīl b. Mujālid, and Abū Nuʿaym, and Muḥammad b. ʿImrān al-Bajalī, and ʿUmar b. Shabīb al-Muslī, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Idrīs, 105 AH, said by Isḥāq b. Yaḥyā, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Numayr, or: 106 AH, said by ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī, and ʿAmr b. ʿAlī, 107 AH, said by ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī, or: 109 AH, said by Ibn Ḥibbān, 110 AH, said by ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Tamīmīالشَّعْبِيِّثقة ، مشهور ، فقيه فاضلعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 141 AH, or: 142 AH, or: 143 AHوَعَاصِمٌ الْأَحْوَلُثقةأنبأ
- Trustworthy (thiqah), meticulous (mutqin), devout (ʿābid).d. 206 AH.يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَثقة متقن عابد .حدثنا
- d. 274 AHمَالِكُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَبُو غَسَّانَحدثنا
- أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّأنبأ
- d. 415 AHأَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.