al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 14992
✧ Divorce before marriage
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أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، نَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، نَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، ثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنَيْ جَابِرٍ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا وَأَبِي عَتِيقٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ؓ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - ﷺ:
لَا طَلَاقَ قَبْلَ النِّكَاحِ، وَلَا عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ، وَلَا رَضَاعَ بَعْدَ فِصَالٍ، وَلَا وِصَالَ وَلَا صَمْتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. al-Ḥārith al-Aṣbahānī
- Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar b. Ḥayyān
- Ibrāhīm b. Sharīk
- Aḥmad b. Yūnus
- Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh
- Ḥarām b. ʿUthmān
- Āb.ay Jābir ʿAbd al-Raḥman and Muḥammad
- Abīhimā Waʾabī ʿAtīq
- Jābir
- Rasūl Allāh ﷺ
Machine translation, not reviewed
There is no divorce before marriage, no manumission before ownership, no suckling after weaning, no continuous fasting (wiṣāl), and no vow of silence from day until night.
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Yaḥyá b. Maʿīn
لا يصح عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لا طلاق قبل نكاح وأصح شيء فيه حديث ابن المنكدر عمن سمع طاوسا عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم مرسلا
machine translationNothing is authentic from the Prophet ﷺ regarding "there is no divorce before marriage", and the soundest report on it is the ḥadīth of Ibn al-Munkadir, from someone who heard Ṭāwūs, from the Prophet ﷺ, as a mursal report.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 14992 - ابن عدي
عامة حديثه حرام بن عثمان مناكير
machine translationMost of the hadiths of Ḥarām b. ʿUthmān are objectionable (munkar).
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 14992 - Dāraquṭnī
الصحيح مرسل ليس فيه جابر
machine translationThe sound (ṣaḥīḥ) version is the mursal one, in which Jābir does not appear.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 14992 - الزيلعى
أعله ابن عدي بحرام ونقل عن الشافعي وابن معين أنهما قالا الرواية عن حرام حرام
machine translationIbn ʿAdī declared it defective (muʿall) because of Ḥarām, and he reported from al-Shāfiʿī and Ibn Maʿīn that they both said: "Narrating from Ḥarām is forbidden (ḥarām)."
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 14992
Narrators
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said, and Khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ in some reports from them: 68 AH. Abū Sulaymān b. Zabr said: 72 AH. Muḥammad b. Saʿd said, and al-Haytham b. ʿAdī in another report: 73 AH. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā b. Ḥabbān said: 77 AH. Abū ʿAwn al-Madanī and others said: 78 AH. Abū Nuʿaym and Khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ in another report said: 79 AHجَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَرَامٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّصحابيعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 101 AH and 110 AHوَأَبِي عَتِيقٍثقةعن
- d. it is said: 150 AH, or the time of Abū al-ʿAbbāsحَرَامِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah) and devout, except that his memory deteriorated when he grew old; his book is sound (ṣaḥīḥ).d. 192 AH, or: 193 AH, or: 194 AHأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍثقة عابد ، إلا أنه لما كبر ساء حفظه ، وكتابه صحيححدثنا
- trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 227 AHأَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَثقة حافظنا
- d. 301 AH, also said: 302 AHإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍنا
- d. 369 AHأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ حَيَّانَأنا
- d. 430 AHأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.