al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 13120

Translation

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When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, money came from Bahrain. Abū Bakr said: "Whoever is owed anything by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, or was promised something, let him stand up and take it." So Jābir b. ʿAbdillāh ؓ stood up and said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'If money comes to me from Bahrain, I will give you this much and this much and this much,'" three times, and he scooped with his hand. Abū Bakr ؓ said to him: "Stand up and take with your hand." He took, and it came to five hundred. He said: "Count out a thousand for him." And he distributed ten dirhams to each of the people. He said: "These are only promises that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made to the people." Then when the following year came, more money than that came, and he distributed twenty dirhams to each of the people. A surplus remained from it, so he gave the servants five dirhams each, and said: "You have servants who serve you and labour for you, so we have given them a small share." They said: "If only you had preferred the Emigrants and the Helpers for their precedence and their standing with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?" He said: "Their reward is with Allah. This livelihood, equal sharing in it is better than preferring some over others." He acted on this throughout his rule, until in the year, I think, thirteen, in Jumādā al-Ākhirah, with some nights remaining of it, he died. Then ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ took charge, conquests were opened, and wealth came to him. He said: "Abū Bakr ؓ held one opinion about this money, and I hold another opinion about it. I will not make someone who fought the Messenger of Allah ﷺ like someone who fought alongside him." So he assigned five thousand each to the Emigrants and the Helpers who witnessed Badr. He assigned four thousand each to those whose Islam was like the Islam of the people of Badr but who did not witness Badr. He assigned twelve thousand each to the wives of the Prophet ﷺ, except Ṣafiyyah and Juwayriyah, for whom he assigned six thousand; they refused to accept it. He said to them: "I only assigned it to them because of the emigration." They said: "You only assigned it to them because of their standing with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and we had the same." ʿUmar ؓ recognised that, so he assigned twelve thousand each to the two of them. He assigned twelve thousand to al-ʿAbbās ؓ, four thousand to Usāmah b. Zayd, and three thousand to ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar. [ʿAbdullāh] said: "Father, why did you give him a thousand more than me? His father had no merit that my father did not have, and he had nothing that I did not have." He said: "Usāmah's father was dearer to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than your father, and Usāmah was dearer to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than you." He assigned five thousand each to al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn ؓ, joining them to their father because of their standing with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He assigned two thousand each to the sons of the Emigrants and the Helpers. ʿUmar b. Abī Salamah passed by him, and he said: "Add a thousand for him." Muḥammad b. ʿAbdillāh b. Jaḥsh said to him: "His father had nothing that our fathers did not have, and he had nothing that we did not have." He said: "I assigned him two thousand because of his father Abū Salamah, and added a thousand for his mother Umm Salamah. If you had a mother like his mother, I would add a thousand for you." He assigned eight hundred to the people of Makkah and the rest of the people. Ṭalḥah b. ʿUbaydillāh came to him with his brother ʿUthmān, and he assigned him eight hundred. Then al-Naḍr b. Anas passed by him, and ʿUmar said: "Assign him two thousand." Ṭalḥah said to him: "I brought you one like him and you assigned him eight hundred, and you assigned this one two thousand?" He said: "This one's father met me on the day of Uḥud and said to me: 'What has the Messenger of Allah ﷺ done?' I said: 'I think he has been killed.' He drew his sword and broke its scabbard and said: 'If the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has been killed, Allah is Ever-Living and does not die.' He fought until he was killed, while this one tends sheep in such and such a place."

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