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العربية

Musnad Ahmad 17800

✧ al-Harith al-Ash'ari on the Prophet ﷺ

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حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَلَفٍ مُوسَى بْنُ خَلَفٍ كَانَ يُعَدُّ مِنَ الْبُدَلَاءِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَمْطُورٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ

إِنَّ اللهَ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] أَمَرَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ: أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَأَنْ يَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ، فَكَادَ أَنْ يُبْطِئَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى: إِنَّكَ قَدْ أُمِرْتَ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَأَنْ تَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تُبَلِّغَهُنَّ وَإِمَّا [أَنْ] أُبَلِّغَهُنَّ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَخِي، إِنِّي أَخْشَى إِنْ سَبَقْتَنِي أَنْ أُعَذَّبَ، أَوْ يُخْسَفَ بِي، قَالَ: فَجَمَعَ يَحْيَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ حَتَّى امْتَلَأَ الْمَسْجِدُ، وَقُعِدَ عَلَى الشُّرَفِ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] أَمَرَنِي بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ أَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَآمُرَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ: أَوَّلُهُنَّ: أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا مِنْ خَالِصِ مَالِهِ بِوَرِقٍ أَوْ ذَهَبٍ، فَجَعَلَ يَعْمَلُ وَيُؤَدِّي عَمَلَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ سَيِّدِهِ، فَأَيُّكُمْ يَسُرُّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدُهُ كَذَلِكَ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] خَلَقَكُمْ وَرَزَقَكُمْ، فَاعْبُدُوهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] يَنْصِبُ وَجْهَهُ لِوَجْهِ عَبْدِهِ مَا لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ، فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتُوا، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ مَعَهُ صُرَّةٌ مِنْ مِسْكٍ فِي عِصَابَةٍ، كُلُّهُمْ يَجِدُ رِيحَ الْمِسْكِ، وَإِنَّ خُلُوفَ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ أَسَرَهُ الْعَدُوُّ فَشَدُّوا يَدَيْهِ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ وَقَرَّبُوهُ لِيَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ، فَقَالَ: هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ أَفْتَدِيَ نَفْسِي مِنْكُمْ، فَجَعَلَ يَفْتَدِي نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُمْ بِالْقَلِيلِ وَالْكَثِيرِ حَتَّى فَكَّ نَفْسَهُ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللهِ كَثِيرًا، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ طَلَبَهُ الْعَدُوُّ سِرَاعًا فِي أَثَرِهِ فَأَتَى حِصْنًا حَصِينًا فَتَحَصَّنَ فِيهِ، وَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ أَحْصَنُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي ذِكْرِ اللهِ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] ». قَالَ: وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: « أَنَا آمُرُكُمْ بِخَمْسٍ اللهُ أَمَرَنِي بِهِنَّ: بِالْجَمَاعَةِ، وَبِالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ، وَالْهِجْرَةِ، وَالْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْجَمَاعَةِ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْجِعَ، وَمَنْ دَعَا بِدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جُثَا جَهَنَّمَ » قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى؟ قَالَ: « وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مُسْلِمٌ، فَادْعُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِمَا سَمَّاهُمُ اللهُ: الْمُسْلِمِينَ، الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِبَادَ اللهِ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ]

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. ʿAffān
  2. Abū Khalaf Mūsá b. Khalaf Kān Yuʿad Min al-Budalāʾ
  3. Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr
  4. Zayd b. Sallām
  5. Jaddih Mamṭūr
  6. al-Ḥārith al-Ashʿarī

✧ God [Mighty and Majestic] commanded Yahya b. Zakariyya with five words: to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. He almost delayed. Isa said to him: 'You have been commanded with five words to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. Either you convey them or I convey them.' He said to him: 'O my brother, I fear that if you precede me, I will be punished or the earth will swallow me.' He said: 'So Yahya gathered the Children of Israel in Jerusalem until the mosque was full, and he sat upon the elevated places. He praised God and extolled Him, then said: God [Mighty and Majestic] commanded me with five words to act upon them and to command you to act upon them. The first of them: that you worship God and do not associate anything with Him. For the likeness of that is the likeness of a man who bought a slave from his own pure wealth with silver or gold, but the slave worked and gave his labor to someone other than his master. Which of you would be pleased that his slave be like that? God [Mighty and Majestic] created you and provided for you, so worship Him and do not associate anything with Him. And I command you with prayer, for God [Mighty and Majestic] turns His face toward the face of His servant as long as he does not turn away. So when you pray, do not turn away. And I command you with fasting, for the likeness of that is the likeness of a man who has a pouch of musk among a group, and all of them find the scent of musk. Indeed, the breath of a fasting person is more pleasant to God than the scent of musk. And I command you with charity, for the likeness of that is the likeness of a man whom the enemy captured and bound his hands to his neck and brought him near to strike his neck. He said: Would you let me ransom myself from you? So he began to ransom himself from them with little and much until he freed himself. And I command you with much remembrance of God, and the likeness of that is the likeness of a man whom the enemy pursued swiftly in his tracks, so he came to a fortified fortress and took refuge in it. Indeed, the servant is most protected from Satan when he is in remembrance of God [Mighty and Majestic].'" He said: And the Messenger of God ﷺ said: "I command you with five things that God commanded me with: with the congregation, with hearing and obedience, with emigration, and with jihad in the path of God. For whoever departs from the congregation by a span has cast off the yoke of Islam from his neck, unless he returns. And whoever calls with the call of the Age of Ignorance is among the crouched ones of Hell." They said: "O Messenger of God, even if he fasts and prays?" He said: "Even if he fasts and prays and claims that he is a Muslim. Call the Muslims by what God has named them: the Muslims, the believers, the servants of God [Mighty and Majestic]."

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