Musnad Ahmad 17170
✧ al-Harith al-Ash'ari on the Prophet ﷺ
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حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَلَفٍ مُوسَى بْنُ خَلَفٍ كَانَ يُعَدُّ فِي الْبُدَلَاءِ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَمْطُورٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ
إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَمَرَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ، وَأَنْ يَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ وَكَادَ أَنْ يُبْطِئَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى: إِنَّكَ قَدْ أُمِرْتَ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَتَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تُبَلِّغَهُنَّ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُبَلِّغَهُنَّ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَخِي، إِنِّي أَخْشَى إِنْ سَبَقْتَنِي أَنْ أُعَذَّبَ أَوْ يُخْسَفَ بِي، قَالَ: فَجَمَعَ يَحْيَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ حَتَّى امْتَلَأَ الْمَسْجِدُ فَقُعِدَ عَلَى الشُّرَفِ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ، وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَمَرَنِي بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ أَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ، وَآمُرَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ، أَوَّلُهُنَّ: أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا مِنْ خَالِصِ مَالِهِ بِوَرِقٍ أَوْ ذَهَبٍ فَجَعَلَ يَعْمَلُ وَيُؤَدِّي غَلَّتَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ سَيِّدِهِ، فَأَيُّكُمْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدُهُ كَذَلِكَ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَلَقَكُمْ وَرَزَقَكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَنْصِبُ وَجْهَهُ لِوَجْهِ عَبْدِهِ مَا لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ، فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتُوا، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ مَعَهُ صُرَّةٌ مِنْ مِسْكٍ فِي عِصَابَةٍ كُلُّهُمْ يَجِدُ رِيحَ الْمِسْكِ، وَإِنَّ خُلُوفَ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ اللهِ أَطْيَبُ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ أَسَرَهُ الْعَدُوُّ فَشَدُّوا يَدَيْهِ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ، وَقَدَّمُوهُ لِيَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ، فَقَالَ: هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ أَفْتَدِيَ نَفْسِي مِنْكُمْ ؟ فَجَعَلَ يَفْتَدِي نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُمْ بِالْقَلِيلِ وَالْكَثِيرِ حَتَّى فَكَّ نَفْسَهُ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَثِيرًا، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ طَلَبَهُ الْعَدُوُّ سِرَاعًا فِي أَثَرِهِ، فَأَتَى حِصْنًا حَصِينًا فَتَحَصَّنَ فِيهِ، وَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ أَحْصَنُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي ذِكْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: وَأَنَا آمُرُكُمْ بِخَمْسٍ، اللهُ أَمَرَنِي بِهِنَّ: بِالْجَمَاعَةِ، وَالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ، وَالْهِجْرَةِ، وَالْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْجَمَاعَةِ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْجِعَ، وَمَنْ دَعَا بِدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جُثَا جَهَنَّمَ قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، وَإِنْ صَامَ وَإِنْ صَلَّى ؟ قَالَ: وَإِنْ صَامَ وَإِنْ صَلَّى، وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مُسْلِمٌ، فَادْعُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ بِمَا سَمَّاهُمُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِبَادَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.
Translation
Chain of narrators
- ʿAffān
- Abū Khalaf Mūsá b. Khalaf Kān Yuʿad Fī al-Budalāʾ
- Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr
- Zayd b. Sallām
- Jaddih Mamṭūr
- al-Ḥārith al-Ashʿarī
✧ Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded Yaḥyā b. Zakariyyā (peace be upon them both) with five words: to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. He was about to be slow in doing so, so ʿĪsā said to him: 'You have been commanded with five words to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. Either you convey them, or I will convey them.' He said: 'O my brother, I fear that if you precede me, I will be punished or the earth will swallow me.' He said: So Yaḥyā gathered the Children of Israel in the Holy House until the mosque was full, and he sat on the elevated place. He praised Allah and extolled Him. Then he said: 'Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has commanded me with five words to act upon them and to command you to act upon them. The first of them: that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him. For the parable of that is the parable of a man who bought a slave with his pure wealth, with silver or gold, and the slave began to work and give his produce to someone other than his master. Which of you would be pleased that his slave be like that? And indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, created you and provided for you, so worship Him and do not associate anything with Him. And I command you with prayer, for Allah, Mighty and Majestic, turns His face to the face of His servant as long as he does not turn away. So when you pray, do not turn away. And I command you with fasting, for the parable of that is the parable of a man with him a sachet of musk in a group, all of whom find the scent of the musk. And indeed, the odor of the fasting person's mouth is more pleasant to Allah than the scent of musk. And I command you with charity, for the parable of that is the parable of a man whom the enemy captured, and they bound his hands to his neck and brought him forward to strike his neck. He said: "Would you let me ransom myself from you?" And he began to ransom himself from them with little and much until he freed himself. And I command you to remember Allah, Mighty and Majestic, much, and the parable of that is the parable of a man whom the enemy pursued swiftly in his tracks, and he came to a fortified fortress and took refuge in it. And indeed, the servant is most fortified against Satan when he is in the remembrance of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.' He said: Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'And I command you with five things that Allah has commanded me with: the community, hearing and obedience, emigration, and striving in the way of Allah. For whoever departs from the community by a handspan has cast off the yoke of Islam from his neck, unless he returns. And whoever calls with the call of ignorance is among the pebbles of Hell.' They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, even if he fasts and prays?' He said: 'Even if he fasts and prays, and claims that he is a Muslim. So call the Muslims by their names, with what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has named them: the Muslims, the believers, the servants of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.'
Grades by grader
| Shuayb al-Arnaut | Sound | hadithunlocked |
|---|
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Abū al-Ḥasan Nur al-Dīn ʿAlī b. Abi Bakr al-Haythamī
رجاله ثقات رجال الصحيح خلا علي بن إسحاق السلمي وهو ثقة
in مسند أحمد, p. 17375
Other narrations of this report
Sahih al-Bukhari 7053Sahih al-Bukhari 7143Sahih Muslim 1849a
Narrators
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيُّصحابيعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), he narrates mursal reports (yursil)d. between 101 and 110 AHممطور الحبشيثقة يرسلعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 121 AH and 130 AHزيد بن سلام الحبشيثقةعن
- trustworthy and reliable (thiqah thabt), but he practiced tadlīs and irsāld. 129 AH or 130 AH or 132 AHيحيى بن أبي كثيرثقة ثبت ، لكنه يدلس ويرسلحدثنا
- Truthful (ṣadūq), a devout worshipper, has errorsd. between 161 and 170 AHموسى بن خلف العميصدوق عابد له أوهامحدثنا
- trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 219 AH, or 220 AHعفان بن مسلم الصفارثقة ثبتحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), a jurist (faqīh), an authority (ḥujjah).d. 241 AH, Abū Umayyah Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm al-Ṭarsūsī said: 242 AH, and no one followed him in his viewأحمد بن حنبلثقة حافظ فقيه حجة
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.