Sunan Abi Dawud 4695

Translation

The first to speak on Divine decree in al-Basrah was Maʿbad al Juhani. I and Humaid b. ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Himyari proceeded to perform Hajj or ʿUmrah. We said: would that we meet any of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that we could ask him about what they say with regard to divine decree. So Allah helped us to meet ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar who was entering the mosque. So I and my companion surrounded him, and I thought that my companion would entrust me the task of speaking to him. Then I said: Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman, there appeared on our side some people who recite the Qur'an and are engaged in the hair-splitting of knowledge. They conceive that there is no Divine decree and everything happens freely without predestination. He said: When you meet those people, tell them that I am free from them, and they are free from me. By Him by Whom swears ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umar, if one of them has gold equivalent to Uhud and he spends it, Allah will not accept it from him until he believes in Divine decree. He then said: ‘Umar b. Khattab transmitted to me a tradition, saying: One day when we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up to us. No mark of travel was visible on him, and we did not recognize him. Sitting down beside the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, leaning his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs, he said: tell me, Muhammad, about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Islam means that you should testify that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is Allah’s Apostle, that you should observe prayer, pay Zakat, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the house (i.e., Kaʿbah), If you have the means to go. He said: You have spoken the truth. We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he spoke the truth. He said: Now tell me about faith. He replied: It means that you should believe in Allah, his angels, his Books, his Apostles and the last day, and that you should believe in the decreeing both of good and evil. He said: You have spoken the truth. He said: now tell me about doing good (ihsan). He replied: It means that you should worship Allah as though you are seeing him; if you are not seeing him, he is seeing you. He said: Now tell me about the hour. He replied: The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the one who is asking. He said: Then tell me about its signs. He replied: That a maidservant should beget her mistress, and that you should see barefooted, naked, poor men and shepherds exalting themselves in buildings. ‘Umar said: He then went away, and I waited for three days, then he said: Do you know who the questioner was, ʿUmar? I replied: Allah and his Apostle know best. He said: He was Gabriel who came to you to teach you your religion.

Notes

• حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ بَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ لاَ يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلاَ نَعْرِفُهُ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِسْلاَمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِيمَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ ثَلاَثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ

Grades by grader

Other narrations of this report

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 2144Sahih Ibn Hibban 178al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 5909al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 7049Musnad al-Bazzar 923Musnad Abi Ya'la 6408

Narrators

1. 1
   ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb

   Commander of the Faithful (amīr al-muʾminīn), well-known, of abundant virtues (jamm al-manāqib)d. 23 AH, also said: 24 AH
   عُمَر بْن الْخَطَّابأمير المؤمنين مشهور جم المناقب
   حدثني
2. 2
   ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb

   One of the Companions who narrated most often, and one of the ʿAbādilah; he was among the people most strict in following the narrations (athar).d. 72 AH, or 73 AH, or 74 AH, also said: 75 AH
   عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطابأحد المكثرين من الصحابة والعبادلة ، وكان من أشد الناس اتباعا للأثر
   صريح في السماع
3. 3
   Yaḥyá b. Yaʿmar al-Jadalī

   Trustworthy (thiqah), eloquent, and he used to narrate mursal reportsd. 89 AH, also said: 129 AH, which is doubtful, also said: around 120 AH
   يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَثقة فصيح ، وكان يرسل
   عن
4. 4
   ʿAbdullāh b. Buraydah

   trustworthy (thiqah)d. 105 AH, or 115 AH
   ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَثقة
   عن
5. 5
   Kahmas

   trustworthy (thiqah)d. 149 AH
   كَهْمَسٌثقة
   نا
6. 6
   Abī

   trustworthy (thiqah), meticulous (mutqin)d. 195 AH, or 196 AH
   أَبِيثقة متقن
   نا
7. 7
   ʿUbayd Allāh b. Muʿādh

   trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 237 AH or 238 AH; also said: 233 AH
   عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍثقة حافظ
   حدثنا
8. 8
   Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī

   Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AH
   أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.